Sign in to use this feature.

Years

Between: -

Subjects

remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline

Journals

remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline

Article Types

Countries / Regions

remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline

Search Results (328)

Search Parameters:
Keywords = balance of sediments

Order results
Result details
Results per page
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
23 pages, 7962 KiB  
Article
Predictive Analysis of Hydrological Variables in the Cahaba Watershed: Enhancing Forecasting Accuracy for Water Resource Management Using Time-Series and Machine Learning Models
by Sai Kumar Dasari, Pooja Preetha and Hari Manikanta Ghantasala
Earth 2025, 6(3), 89; https://doi.org/10.3390/earth6030089 (registering DOI) - 4 Aug 2025
Abstract
This study presents a hybrid approach to hydrological forecasting by integrating the physically based Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model with Prophet time-series modeling and machine learning–based multi-output regression. Applied to the Cahaba watershed, the objective is to predict key environmental variables [...] Read more.
This study presents a hybrid approach to hydrological forecasting by integrating the physically based Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model with Prophet time-series modeling and machine learning–based multi-output regression. Applied to the Cahaba watershed, the objective is to predict key environmental variables (precipitation, evapotranspiration (ET), potential evapotranspiration (PET), and snowmelt) and their influence on hydrological responses (surface runoff, groundwater flow, soil water, sediment yield, and water yield) under present (2010–2022) and future (2030–2042) climate scenarios. Using SWAT outputs for calibration, the integrated SWAT-Prophet-ML model predicted ET and PET with RMSE values between 10 and 20 mm. Performance was lower for high-variability events such as precipitation (RMSE = 30–50 mm). Under current climate conditions, R2 values of 0.75 (water yield) and 0.70 (surface runoff) were achieved. Groundwater and sediment yields were underpredicted, particularly during peak years. The model’s limitations relate to its dependence on historical trends and its limited representation of physical processes, which constrain its performance under future climate scenarios. Suggested improvements include scenario-based training and integration of physical constraints. The approach offers a scalable, data-driven method for enhancing monthly water balance prediction and supports applications in watershed planning. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

22 pages, 7156 KiB  
Communication
Water Management, Environmental Challenges, and Rehabilitation Strategies in the Khyargas Lake–Zavkhan River Basin, Western Mongolia: A Case Study of Ereen Lake
by Tseren Ochir Soyol-Erdene, Ganbat Munguntsetseg, Zambuu Burmaa, Ulziibat Bilguun, Shagijav Oyungerel, Soninkhishig Nergui, Nyam-Osor Nandintsetseg, Michael Walther and Ulrich Kamp
Geographies 2025, 5(3), 38; https://doi.org/10.3390/geographies5030038 (registering DOI) - 1 Aug 2025
Viewed by 318
Abstract
The depletion of water resources caused by climate change and human activities is a pressing global issue. Lake Ereen is one of the ten natural landmarks of the Gobi-Altai of western Mongolia is included in the list of “important areas for birds” recognized [...] Read more.
The depletion of water resources caused by climate change and human activities is a pressing global issue. Lake Ereen is one of the ten natural landmarks of the Gobi-Altai of western Mongolia is included in the list of “important areas for birds” recognized by the international organization Birdlife. However, the construction of the Taishir Hydroelectric Power Station, aimed at supplying electricity to the western provinces of Mongolia, had a detrimental effect on the flow of the Zavkhan River, resulting in a drying-up and pollution of Lake Ereen, which relies on the river as its water source. This study assesses the pollution levels in Ereen Lake and determines the feasibility of its rehabilitation by redirecting the flow of the Zavkhan River. Field studies included the analysis of water quality, sediment contamination, and the composition of flora. The results show that the concentrations of ammonium, chlorine, fluorine, and sulfate in the lake water exceed the permissible levels set by the Mongolian standard. Analyses of elements from sediments revealed elevated levels of arsenic, chromium, and copper, exceeding international sediment quality guidelines and posing risks to biological organisms. Furthermore, several species of diatoms indicative of polluted water were discovered. Lake Ereen is currently in a eutrophic state and, based on a water quality index (WQI) of 49.4, also in a “polluted” state. Mass balance calculations and box model analysis determined the period of pollutant replacement for two restoration options: drying-up and complete removal of contaminated sediments and plants vs. dilution-flushing without direct interventions in the lake. We recommend the latter being the most efficient, eco-friendly, and cost-effective approach to rehabilitate Lake Ereen. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

20 pages, 10098 KiB  
Article
Alkali-Activated Dredged-Sediment-Based Fluidized Solidified Soil: Early-Age Engineering Performance and Microstructural Mechanisms
by Qunchao Ma, Kangyu Wang, Qiang Li and Yuting Zhang
Materials 2025, 18(14), 3408; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18143408 - 21 Jul 2025
Viewed by 266
Abstract
Fluidized solidified soil (FSS) has emerged as a promising material for marine pile scour remediation, yet its limited construction window and vulnerability to hydraulic erosion before sufficient curing constrain its broader application. This study systematically evaluates FSS formulations based on dredged sediment, cement [...] Read more.
Fluidized solidified soil (FSS) has emerged as a promising material for marine pile scour remediation, yet its limited construction window and vulnerability to hydraulic erosion before sufficient curing constrain its broader application. This study systematically evaluates FSS formulations based on dredged sediment, cement partially replaced by silica fume (i.e., 0%, 4%, 8%, and 12%), and quicklime activation under three water–solid ratios (WSR, i.e., 0.525, 0.55, and 0.575). Experimental assessments included flowability tests, unconfined compressive strength, direct shear tests, and microstructural analysis via XRD and SEM. The results indicate that SF substitution significantly mitigates flowability loss during the 90–120 min interval, thereby extending the operational period. Moreover, the greatest enhancement in mechanical performance was achieved at an 8% SF replacement: at WSR = 0.55, the 3-day UCS increased by 22.78%, while the 7-day cohesion and internal friction angle rose by 13.97% and 2.59%, respectively. Microscopic analyses also confirmed that SF’s pozzolanic reaction generated additional C-S-H gel. However, the SF substitution exhibits a pronounced threshold effect, with levels above 8% introducing unreacted particles that disrupt the cementitious network. These results underscore the critical balance between flowability and early-age strength for stable marine pile scour repair, with WSR = 0.525 and 8% SF substitution identified as the optimal mix. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

27 pages, 22085 KiB  
Article
Sedimentary Characteristics and Petroleum Geological Significance of the Middle–Upper Triassic Successions in the Wushi Area, Western Kuqa Depression, Tarim Basin
by Yahui Fan, Mingyi Hu, Qingjie Deng and Quansheng Cai
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(14), 7895; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15147895 - 15 Jul 2025
Viewed by 229
Abstract
As a strategic replacement area for hydrocarbon exploration in the Tarim Basin, the Kuqa Depression has been the subject of relatively limited research on the sedimentary characteristics of the Triassic strata within its western Wushi Sag, which constrains exploration deployment in this region. [...] Read more.
As a strategic replacement area for hydrocarbon exploration in the Tarim Basin, the Kuqa Depression has been the subject of relatively limited research on the sedimentary characteristics of the Triassic strata within its western Wushi Sag, which constrains exploration deployment in this region. This study focuses on the Wushi Sag, systematically analyzing the sedimentary facies types, the evolution of sedimentary systems, and the distribution patterns of the Triassic Kelamayi and Huangshanjie formations. This analysis integrates field outcrops, drilling cores, wireline logs, and 2D seismic data, employing methodologies grounded in foreland basin theory and clastic sedimentary petrology. The paleo-geomorphology preceding sedimentation was reconstructed through balanced section restoration to investigate the controlling influence of foreland tectonic movements on the distribution of sedimentary systems. By interpreting key seismic profiles and analyzing vertical facies successions, the study classifies and evaluates the petroleum accumulation elements and favorable source–reservoir-seal assemblages, culminating in the prediction of prospective exploration areas. The research shows that: (1) The Triassic in the Wushi Sag mainly develops fan-delta, braided-river-delta, and lacustrine–shallow lacustrine sedimentary systems, with strong planar distribution regularity. The exposed strata in the northern part are predominantly fan-delta and lacustrine systems, while the southern part is dominated by braided-river-delta and lacustrine systems. (2) The spatial distribution of sedimentary systems was demonstrably influenced by tectonic activity. Paleogeomorphological reconstructions indicate that fan-delta and braided-river-delta sedimentary bodies preferentially developed within zones encompassing fault-superposition belts, fault-transfer zones, and paleovalleys. Furthermore, Triassic foreland tectonic movements during its deposition significantly altered basin configuration, thereby driving lacustrine expansion. (3) The Wushi Sag exhibits favorable hydrocarbon accumulation configurations, featuring two principal source–reservoir assemblages: self-sourced structural-lithologic gas reservoirs with vertical migration pathways, and lower-source-upper-reservoir structural-lithologic gas reservoirs with lateral migration. This demonstrates substantial petroleum exploration potential. The results provide insights for identifying favorable exploration targets within the Triassic sequences of the Wushi Sag and western Kuqa Depression. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Earth Sciences)
Show Figures

Figure 1

24 pages, 3083 KiB  
Article
Hydrological Assessment Using the SWAT Model in the Jundiaí River Basin, Brazil: Calibration, Model Performance, and Land Use Change Impact Analysis
by Larissa Brêtas Moura, Tárcio Rocha Lopes, Sérgio Nascimento Duarte, Pietro Sica and Marcos Vinícius Folegatti
Resources 2025, 14(7), 112; https://doi.org/10.3390/resources14070112 - 15 Jul 2025
Viewed by 707
Abstract
Flow regulation and water quality maintenance are considered ecosystem services, as they provide environmental benefits with a measurable economic value to society. Distributed or semi-distributed hydrological models can help identify where land use decisions yield the greatest economic and environmental returns related to [...] Read more.
Flow regulation and water quality maintenance are considered ecosystem services, as they provide environmental benefits with a measurable economic value to society. Distributed or semi-distributed hydrological models can help identify where land use decisions yield the greatest economic and environmental returns related to water resources. For these reasons, this study integrated simulations performed with the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model under varying land use conditions, aiming to balance potential benefits with the loss of ecosystem services. Among the tested parameters, those associated with surface runoff showed the highest sensitivity in simulating streamflow for the Jundiaí River Basin. Based on the statistical indicators R2, Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NS), and Percent Bias (PBIAS), the SWAT model demonstrated a reliable performance in replicating observed streamflows on a monthly scale, even with limited spatially distributed input data. Scenario 2, which involved converting 15% of pasture/agricultural land into forest, yielded the most favorable hydrological outcomes by increasing soil water infiltration and aquifer recharge while reducing surface runoff and sediment yield. These findings highlight the value of reforestation and land use planning as effective strategies for improving watershed hydrological performance and ensuring long-term water sustainability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Approaches in Sustainable Water Resources Cycle Management)
Show Figures

Figure 1

22 pages, 1425 KiB  
Article
Study on Multi-Objective Optimization of Construction of Yellow River Grand Bridge
by Jing Hu, Jinke Ji, Mengyuan Wang and Qingfu Li
Buildings 2025, 15(13), 2371; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15132371 - 6 Jul 2025
Viewed by 319
Abstract
As an important transportation hub connecting the two sides of the Yellow River, the Yellow River Grand Bridge is of great significance for strengthening regional exchanges and promoting the high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. However, due to the complex terrain, changeable [...] Read more.
As an important transportation hub connecting the two sides of the Yellow River, the Yellow River Grand Bridge is of great significance for strengthening regional exchanges and promoting the high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. However, due to the complex terrain, changeable climate, high sediment concentration, long construction duration, complicated process, strong dynamic, and many factors affecting construction. It often brings many problems, including low quality, waste of resources, and environmental pollution, which makes it difficult to achieve the balance of multiple objectives at the same time. Therefore, it is very important to carry out multi-objective optimization research on the construction of the Yellow River Grand Bridge. This paper takes the Yellow River Grand Bridge on a highway as the research object and combines the concept of “green construction” and the national policy of “carbon neutrality and carbon peaking” to construct six major construction projects, including construction time, cost, quality, environment, resources, and carbon emission. Then, according to the multi-attribute utility theory, the objectives of different attributes are normalized, and the multi-objective equilibrium optimization model of construction time-cost-quality-environment-resource-carbon emission of the Yellow River Grand Bridge is obtained; finally, in order to avoid the shortcomings of a single algorithm, the particle swarm optimization algorithm and the simulated annealing algorithm are combined to obtain the simulated annealing particle swarm optimization (SA-PSO) algorithm. The multi-objective equilibrium optimization model of the construction of the Yellow River Grand Bridge is solved. The optimization result is 108 days earlier than the construction period specified in the contract, which is 9.612 million yuan less than the maximum cost, 6.3% higher than the minimum quality level, 11.1% lower than the maximum environmental pollution level, 4.8% higher than the minimum resource-saving level, and 3.36 million tons lower than the maximum carbon emission level. It fully illustrates the effectiveness of the SA-PSO algorithm for solving multi-objective problems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Construction Management, and Computers & Digitization)
Show Figures

Figure 1

20 pages, 6259 KiB  
Article
Remediation Effects of Potamogeton crispus on Nitrogen-Loaded Water Bodies and Its Greenhouse Gas Emission Mechanisms
by Xiaoyi Li, Xiaoxiu Lun, Jianzhi Niu, Lumin Zhang, Bo Wu and Xinyue Wang
Atmosphere 2025, 16(7), 803; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16070803 - 1 Jul 2025
Viewed by 223
Abstract
Potamogeton crispus (P. crispus), with strong nitrogen uptake capacity, plays an important ecological role during winter and early spring when most aquatic plants are inactive. Its presence can also influence microbial denitrification in sediments by regulating oxygen levels and organic carbon [...] Read more.
Potamogeton crispus (P. crispus), with strong nitrogen uptake capacity, plays an important ecological role during winter and early spring when most aquatic plants are inactive. Its presence can also influence microbial denitrification in sediments by regulating oxygen levels and organic carbon availability. In this study, an indoor hydroponic simulation system was used to systematically evaluate the effects of P. crispus under different nitrogen-loading conditions on nitrogen removal from water, changes in sediment carbon and nitrogen fractions, microbial community structure, and greenhouse gas fluxes. The results showed that P. crispus effectively removed TN, NH4+-N, NO3-N, and NO2-N, maintaining strong denitrification capacity even under high-nitrogen loading. Under all nitrogen conditions, TN removal exceeded 80%, while NH4+-N and NO3-N removal efficiencies surpassed 90%, with effective suppression of NO2-N accumulation. Rhizosphere-mediated regulation by P. crispus enhanced the transformation and stabilization of DOC and NO3-N in sediments, while also mitigating nitrogen-induced disturbances to carbon–nitrogen balance. The plant also exhibited strong CO2 uptake capacity, low CH4 emissions with a slight increase under higher nitrogen loading, and N2O fluxes that were significantly affected by nitrogen levels—showing negative values under low nitrogen and sharp increases under high-nitrogen conditions. Correlation analyses indicated that CO2 and N2O emissions were mainly regulated by microbial taxa involved in carbon and nitrogen transformation, while CH4 emissions were primarily driven by methanogenic archaea and showed weaker correlations with environmental factors. These findings highlight the importance of water restoration during low-temperature seasons and provide a theoretical basis for integrated wetland management strategies aimed at coordinated pollution reduction and carbon mitigation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interactions of Urban Greenings and Air Pollution)
Show Figures

Figure 1

17 pages, 5070 KiB  
Article
Sustainable Coastal Evolution and Critical Sediment Load Estimation in the Yellow River Delta
by Lishan Rong, Yanyi Zhou, He Li and Chong Huang
Sustainability 2025, 17(13), 5943; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17135943 - 27 Jun 2025
Viewed by 350
Abstract
The coastline of the Yellow River Delta in China has experienced significant dynamic changes due to both natural and human activities. Investigating its coastal dynamics and understanding the equilibrium with riverine runoff and sediment discharge is crucial for ecological balance and sustainable development [...] Read more.
The coastline of the Yellow River Delta in China has experienced significant dynamic changes due to both natural and human activities. Investigating its coastal dynamics and understanding the equilibrium with riverine runoff and sediment discharge is crucial for ecological balance and sustainable development in the region. In this study, a coastline extraction algorithm was developed by integrating water index and dynamic frequency thresholds based on the Google Earth Engine platform. Long-term optical remote sensing datasets from Landsat (1988–2016) and Sentinel-2 (2017–2023) were utilized. The End Point Rate (EPR) and Linear Regression Rate (LRR) methods were employed to quantify coastline changes, and the relationship between coastal evolution and runoff–sediment dynamics was investigated. The results revealed the following: (1) The coastline of the Yellow River Delta exhibits pronounced spatiotemporal variability. From 1988 to 2023, the Diaokou estuary recorded the lowest EPR and LRR values (−206.05 m/a and −248.33 m/a, respectively), whereas the Beicha estuary recorded the highest values (317.54 m/a and 374.14 m/a, respectively). (2) The cumulative land area change displayed a fluctuating pattern, characterized by a general trend of increase–decrease–increase, indicating a gradual progression toward dynamic equilibrium. The Diaokou estuary has been predominantly erosional, while the Qingshuigou estuary experienced deposition prior to 1996, followed by subsequent erosion. In contrast, the land area of the Beicha estuary has continued to increase since 1997. (3) Deltaic progradation has been primarily governed by runoff–sediment dynamics. Coastline advancement has occurred along active river channels as a result of sediment deposition, whereas former river mouths have retreated landward due to insufficient fluvial sediment input. In the Beicha estuary, increased land area has exhibited a strong positive correlation with annual sedimentary influx. The critical sediment discharge required to maintain equilibrium has been estimated at 79 million t/a for the Beicha estuary and 107 million t/a for the entire deltaic region. These findings provide a scientific foundation for sustainable sediment management, coastal restoration, and integrated land–water planning. This study supports sustainable coastal management, informs policymaking, and enhances ecosystem resilience. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

18 pages, 2180 KiB  
Article
Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci for Grain Quality Traits in a Pamyati Azieva × Paragon Bread Wheat Mapping Population Grown in Kazakhstan
by Akerke Amalova, Simon Griffiths, Aigul Abugalieva, Saule Abugalieva and Yerlan Turuspekov
Plants 2025, 14(11), 1728; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14111728 - 5 Jun 2025
Viewed by 480
Abstract
High grain quality is a key target in wheat breeding and is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. This study evaluated 94 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from a Pamyati Azieva × Paragon (PA × P) mapping population grown in two regions in Kazakhstan [...] Read more.
High grain quality is a key target in wheat breeding and is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. This study evaluated 94 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from a Pamyati Azieva × Paragon (PA × P) mapping population grown in two regions in Kazakhstan to assess the genetic basis of six grain quality traits: the test weight per liter (TWL, g/L), grain protein content (GPC, %), gluten content (GC, %), gluten deformation index in flour (GDI, unit), sedimentation value in a 2% acetic acid solution (SV, mL), and grain starch content (GSC, %). A correlation analysis revealed a trade-off between protein and starch accumulation and an inverse relationship between grain quality and yield components. Additionally, GPC exhibited a negative correlation with yield per square meter (YM2), underscoring the challenge of simultaneously improving grain quality and yield. With the use of the QTL Cartographer statistical package, 71 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified for the six grain quality traits, including 20 QTLs showing stability across multiple environments. Notable stable QTLs were detected for GPC on chromosomes 4A, 5B, 6A, and 7B and for GC on chromosomes 1D and 6A, highlighting their potential for marker-assisted selection (MAS). A major QTL found on chromosome 1D (QGDI-PA × P.ipbb-1D.1, LOD 19.4) showed a strong association with gluten deformation index, emphasizing its importance in improving flour quality. A survey of published studies on QTL identification in common wheat suggested the likely novelty of 12 QTLs identified for GDI (five QTLs), TWL (three QTLs), SV, and GSC (two QTLs each). These findings underscore the need for balanced breeding strategies that optimize grain composition while maintaining high productivity. With the use of SNP markers associated with the identified QTLs for grain quality traits, the MAS approach can be implemented in wheat breeding programs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue QTL Mapping of Seed Quality Traits in Crops, 2nd Edition)
Show Figures

Figure 1

21 pages, 6997 KiB  
Article
An Assessment of the N Load from Animal Farms in Saline Wetland Catchments in the Ebro Basin, NE Spain
by María Tierra, José R. Olarieta and Carmen Castañeda
Land 2025, 14(6), 1170; https://doi.org/10.3390/land14061170 - 29 May 2025
Viewed by 411
Abstract
Inland saline wetlands in the Ebro Basin (Spain) are protected by international regulations but are also threatened by the expansion of animal farms. We studied the input–output budgets of N from animal farms in four catchments of wetlands in the central Ebro Basin [...] Read more.
Inland saline wetlands in the Ebro Basin (Spain) are protected by international regulations but are also threatened by the expansion of animal farms. We studied the input–output budgets of N from animal farms in four catchments of wetlands in the central Ebro Basin designated as Nitrate Vulnerable Zones. We used the N produced in animal farms as inputs and the N extracted by the crops on which manures and slurries are applied as outputs in each catchment. The balances considered the regulations concerning the slope of land where animal excreta may be applied and the doses of application. At a detailed scale, we applied the Water Erosion Prediction Program (WEPP) to the Farnaca catchment to assess the runoff and nutrients arriving to its wetland. While the Bujaraloz-Sástago basin showed a high excess of N load, in the Gallocanta basin, N extraction by crops was significantly higher than the N produced by the animal farms. Despite this lack of surplus of N from animal excreta, the groundwaters in the Gallocanta catchment are polluted by nitrates. The emphasis on N from animal farms in plans to prevent water pollution is missing the role of mineral fertilizers as the sources of pollution in basins with small N loads from animal farms. Agricultural plots in the Farnaca catchment produce significant amounts of sediments and nutrients that eventually pollute the wetland. Modelling approaches at detailed scales are required to assess the flows of materials to individual wetlands. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advance in Intensive Agriculture and Soil Quality)
Show Figures

Figure 1

32 pages, 4259 KiB  
Article
Sediment Transport Constraints for Restoration of the Ebro Delta
by Francisco Martin-Carrasco, David Santillán, David López-Gómez, Ana Iglesias and Luis Garrote
Water 2025, 17(11), 1620; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17111620 - 27 May 2025
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1429
Abstract
The natural flow of sediment in the Ebro River has been altered by a variety of factors that have impacted the geomorphic and ecological balance of the delta. Ongoing restoration efforts in the delta would benefit if the flow of sediment in the [...] Read more.
The natural flow of sediment in the Ebro River has been altered by a variety of factors that have impacted the geomorphic and ecological balance of the delta. Ongoing restoration efforts in the delta would benefit if the flow of sediment in the river could be increased. Understanding the dynamics of sediment flow in the Ebro River is an important component in the design of effective management strategies for the Ebro Delta. This study estimates the sediment transport potential of the Ebro River under current and future conditions through numerical simulation. Historical data from the late 19th century indicate that the river once transported up to 28.1 million tons of sediment per year. However, due to water abstractions and flow regulations, the current sediment transport capacity is limited to 9 million tons annually, a reduction of 67%. Future projections suggest further decreases in flow and sediment transport potential, with reductions of up to 30% by 2060 and 50% by 2100, depending on climate conditions and water management practices. The findings underscore the need for integrated management strategies to mitigate the impacts of reduced sediment flow, emphasizing the importance of restoring sediment transport as a crucial component of the delta restoration efforts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Hydraulics and Hydrodynamics)
Show Figures

Graphical abstract

11 pages, 295 KiB  
Article
Oxidative Stress in Psoriasis Vulgaris Patients: Analysis of Asymmetric Dimethylarginine, Malondialdehyde, and Glutathione Levels
by Neşe Göçer Gürok, Selda Telo, Büşra Genç Ulucan and Savaş Öztürk
Medicina 2025, 61(6), 967; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61060967 - 23 May 2025
Viewed by 491
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Psoriasis vulgaris (PV) is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with oxidative stress. It has been reported that oxidative stress caused by disruption of redox signaling can cause molecular damage, activate dendritic cells, lymphocytes, and keratinocytes, and lead to angiogenesis, inflammation, [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Psoriasis vulgaris (PV) is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with oxidative stress. It has been reported that oxidative stress caused by disruption of redox signaling can cause molecular damage, activate dendritic cells, lymphocytes, and keratinocytes, and lead to angiogenesis, inflammation, cell necrosis, and apoptosis by increasing the levels of lipid peroxidation products. In this study, serum levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), malondialdehyde (MDA), and reduced glutathione (GSH) were analyzed to gain insight into the oxidative balance in patients with PV. Materials and Methods: This prospective study included 59 PV patients and 40 healthy volunteers as the healthy control group. Age, gender, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, routine hematologic parameters [fasting blood glucose, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), blood lipid levels, hemogram parameters], disease duration, and disease severity were recorded on data forms. The levels of ADMA, MDA, and GSH were analyzed using the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Results: When analyzed in terms of demographic characteristics, no statistically significant difference was observed between the patient and control groups. When examined in terms of biochemical variables, white blood cell (WBC) values were found to be significantly higher in the patient group (t: 2.825; p < 0.05). Although waist circumference, BMI, glucose, CRP, ESR, lipids, platelet count, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were higher in the patient group, this difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). ADMA (t: 4.532; p < 0.05) and MDA (t: 9.598; p < 0.05) values were found to be higher and GSH (t: −4.717; p < 0.05) values were found to be lower in the patient group compared to the control group. When correlation analysis was performed between the parameters, a significant relationship was found only between GSH values and ADMA values (r: −0.256; p < 0.05). Accordingly, as the patients’ GSH values increased, ADMA values decreased. Conclusions: Increased WBC, ADMA, and MDA levels, and decreased GSH levels in PV patients reveal the critical role of oxidative stress and inflammation in the disease process. Evaluation of these biomarkers may contribute to the identification of new targets for the treatment of PV and the development of more effective management strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Dermatology)
18 pages, 3162 KiB  
Article
Modeling Desorption Rates and Background Concentrations of Heavy Metals Using a One-Dimensional Approach
by Wendy Tatiana Gonzalez Cano, Serguei Lonin and Kyoungrean Kim
Toxics 2025, 13(6), 421; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13060421 - 22 May 2025
Viewed by 544
Abstract
Harmful heavy metals (HHMs) in marine sediments pose significant ecological and human health risks. This research developed a novel one-dimensional mathematical model to investigate the desorption rates and background concentrations (Cbg) of HHMs in cohesive sediments of coastal environments, [...] Read more.
Harmful heavy metals (HHMs) in marine sediments pose significant ecological and human health risks. This research developed a novel one-dimensional mathematical model to investigate the desorption rates and background concentrations (Cbg) of HHMs in cohesive sediments of coastal environments, using Cartagena Bay (CB), Colombia, as a reference for estuarine systems. The model integrates mass balance and molecular diffusion equations incorporating porosity and tortuosity. Both the particulate and dissolved phases of HHMs were considered. Numerical experiments were conducted over 28 years with a daily time step, simulating four primary hydrodynamic processes: molecular diffusion, desorption, sedimentation, and turbulent water exchange. The spatiotemporal evolution of  Cbg provides valuable insights for sediment modeling, policy development, and advancing the understanding of HHM pollution in sediments. Results of the model align closely with empirical data from CB, demonstrating its applicability not only to local conditions but also to similar contaminated areas through a generalized approach. This model can be used as a reliable computational tool for managing coastal environments. Full article
Show Figures

Graphical abstract

22 pages, 4552 KiB  
Article
Wellhead Stability During Development Process of Hydrate Reservoir in the Northern South China Sea: Sensitivity Analysis
by Qingchao Li, Qiang Li, Jingjuan Wu, Kaige He, Yifan Xia, Junyi Liu, Fuling Wang and Yuanfang Cheng
Processes 2025, 13(6), 1630; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13061630 - 22 May 2025
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 561
Abstract
Natural gas hydrates are a promising alternative energy source for oil and gas in the future. However, geomechanical issues, such as wellhead instability, may arise, affecting the safe and efficient development of hydrates. In the present work, a sensitivity analysis was performed on [...] Read more.
Natural gas hydrates are a promising alternative energy source for oil and gas in the future. However, geomechanical issues, such as wellhead instability, may arise, affecting the safe and efficient development of hydrates. In the present work, a sensitivity analysis was performed on sediment subsidence and wellhead instability during the development of marine hydrates using a multi-field coupled model. This is accomplished by adjusting the corresponding parameters based on the basic data of the default case. Meanwhile, the corresponding influencing mechanisms were explored. Finally, design recommendations for operation parameters were proposed based on the research findings regarding wellhead stability. It was found that the wellhead undergoes rapid sinking during a certain period in the early stage of hydrate development, followed by a slower, continued sinking. The sensitivity analysis found that when the depressurization amplitude is small, the wellhead sinking is also minimal. To maintain wellhead stability during the development process, it is recommended that neither the depressurization amplitude or drawdown pressure exceed 3.0 MPa. Although a high heating temperature can increase gas production to some extent, the accompanying excessive hydrate dissociation may compromise the stability of both the formation and wellhead. To balance gas production and wellhead stability, it is recommended that the heating amplitude does not exceed 50 °C. In addition, the permeability influences the distribution of pore pressure, which in turn affects sediment subsidence and wellbore stability. Wellhead stability deteriorates as permeability increases. Therefore, it is crucial to accurately determine the reservoir characteristics (such as permeability) before developing hydrates to avoid wellhead instability. Finally, the investigation results reveal that using different versions of the investigation model can impact the accuracy of the results, and neglecting certain physical fields may lead to an underestimation of the wellhead sinking. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

28 pages, 8099 KiB  
Article
Heavy Metal Contamination of Sediments in the Inaouène Watershed (Morocco): Indices, Statistical Methods, and Contributions to Sustainable Environmental Management
by Marouane Laaraj, Yassine Ait Brahim, Valerie Mesnage, Fadwa Bensalem, Ikram Lahmidi, Mohammed Mouad Mliyeh, Hamid Fattasse, Khalid Arari and Lahcen Benaabidate
Sustainability 2025, 17(10), 4668; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17104668 - 19 May 2025
Viewed by 591
Abstract
The Inaouène watershed (3600 km2), part of the Sebou River’s upper valley in northern Morocco, faces urban, agricultural, and industrial discharges. This research investigates the environmental impact of heavy metal contamination in sediments and its implications for sustainable watershed management and [...] Read more.
The Inaouène watershed (3600 km2), part of the Sebou River’s upper valley in northern Morocco, faces urban, agricultural, and industrial discharges. This research investigates the environmental impact of heavy metal contamination in sediments and its implications for sustainable watershed management and long-term ecological protection. Sediment samples were collected from six sites along the river and the Idriss 1st dam. A combined approach of geochemical analyses and multivariate statistical methods (PCA, HCA) identified metal sources and grouped sites by contamination patterns. Additionally, pollution indices (Igeo, EF, PLI) were used to assess contamination levels and infer potential sources. Results revealed variable metal concentrations: upstream (Ech1) showed high levels of chromium (133 mg/kg) and copper (32.5 mg/kg) linked to urban discharges and erosion, while downstream (Ech6) exhibited high barium (3245 mg/kg) and strontium (505 mg/kg) concentrations due to dam sedimentation. Pollution indices confirmed moderate to high contamination, particularly at Ech1 and Ech6. Multivariate analysis identified three main clusters influenced by both anthropogenic and geological factors. These findings underline the need for integrated sediment management, regular monitoring, and environmental protection strategies to preserve the watershed and the aquifer’s ecological balance. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

Back to TopTop