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40 pages, 470 KiB  
Review
Biologics as Therapeutical Agents Under Perspective Clinical Studies for Alzheimer’s Disease
by Huan Li, Xinai Shen, Beiyu Zhang and Zheying Zhu
Molecules 2025, 30(17), 3479; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30173479 - 24 Aug 2025
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterised by cognitive decline, synaptic loss, and multifaceted pathology involving amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregation, tau hyperphosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and impaired proteostasis. In recent years, biologic therapies, such as monoclonal antibodies, vaccines, antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), and gene therapies, [...] Read more.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterised by cognitive decline, synaptic loss, and multifaceted pathology involving amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregation, tau hyperphosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and impaired proteostasis. In recent years, biologic therapies, such as monoclonal antibodies, vaccines, antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), and gene therapies, have gained prominence as promising disease-modifying strategies. In this review, we provide a comprehensive synthesis of current biologic approaches under clinical evaluation for AD. Drawing on data curated from ClinicalTrials.gov (as of 2025), we systematically summarise the molecular targets, therapeutic modalities, mechanisms of action, trial phases, and sponsors of over 60 biologic agents. These include Aβ-directed antibodies targeting distinct conformers such as protofibrils, pyroglutamate-modified species, and soluble oligomers; tau-targeted immunotherapies and RNA-based interventions; and emerging platforms focused on neuroimmune modulation, peptide hormones, and microbiota-based strategies. Gene and RNA therapeutics, particularly ASOs and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) delivered intrathecally or via lipid nanoparticles, are also reviewed for their potential to modulate intracellular targets with high specificity. We also analyse the historical landscape of biologic candidates that failed to reach approval, discussing key reasons for trial discontinuation, including lack of clinical efficacy, safety concerns (e.g., amyloid-related imaging abnormalities), or inadequate biomarker responses. These cases offer crucial insights for refining future drug design. Looking ahead, we highlight major challenges and evolving perspectives in AD biologic therapy: expanding therapeutic targets beyond Aβ and tau, overcoming delivery barriers to the brain, designing prevention-oriented and genetically stratified trials, and navigating regulatory and ethical considerations. Together, these efforts signal a paradigm shift in AD drug development, from symptomatic treatment to mechanism-based precision biologics. By integrating real-time clinical trial data with mechanistic insight, this review aims to inform both translational research and therapeutic innovation in AD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Therapeutic Agents for Neurodegenerative Disorders—2nd Edition)
35 pages, 1875 KiB  
Article
Youth Perceptions of 1.5-Degree Lifestyle to Adapt to Climate Change: A Case Analysis of Japanese University Students
by Rong Huang and Rajib Shaw
Climate 2025, 13(9), 171; https://doi.org/10.3390/cli13090171 - 22 Aug 2025
Abstract
The 1.5-degree lifestyles aim to reduce household carbon footprints across six areas (food, housing, mobility, consumer goods, leisure, and services), as identified by IGES, relying on public efforts. This study seeks to understand Japanese university students’ perceptions of 1.5-degree lifestyles, their preferred actions [...] Read more.
The 1.5-degree lifestyles aim to reduce household carbon footprints across six areas (food, housing, mobility, consumer goods, leisure, and services), as identified by IGES, relying on public efforts. This study seeks to understand Japanese university students’ perceptions of 1.5-degree lifestyles, their preferred actions for implementation at the individual, family, and community levels, and the top three enablers and barriers they face. Using a questionnaire based on the KIDA (knowledge, interest, desire, action) framework, which aligns with IGES’s six sectors, data from 244 responses collected via snowball sampling were analyzed. Results reveal low awareness of 1.5-degree lifestyles among Japanese university students, along with a moderate desire to learn more. Gender differences were significant, with females showing higher awareness, desire, and action compared to males. Three common barriers identified include challenges with work–life balance, economic concerns, and gaps between knowledge and action. Recommendations emphasize increasing youth awareness and encouraging action on 1.5-degree lifestyles through early environmental education, youth-focused communication (such as social media), and securing strong political support to help address practical challenges. Full article
28 pages, 2349 KiB  
Article
Effective and Stable Senomorphic Apigenin Delivery System Obtained by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Processing
by Anna Stasiłowicz-Krzemień, Natalia Rosiak, Giuseppe Francesco Racaniello, Nunzio Denora and Judyta Cielecka-Piontek
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(17), 8126; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26178126 - 22 Aug 2025
Viewed by 53
Abstract
Apigenin (AP) is a natural flavonoid with senomorphic potential and neuroprotective action; however, poor aqueous solubility (<1 μg/mL) limits its bioavailability and therapeutic use. Therefore, the aim of this study was to obtain an amorphous dispersion of AP and evaluate its biological properties. [...] Read more.
Apigenin (AP) is a natural flavonoid with senomorphic potential and neuroprotective action; however, poor aqueous solubility (<1 μg/mL) limits its bioavailability and therapeutic use. Therefore, the aim of this study was to obtain an amorphous dispersion of AP and evaluate its biological properties. Screening of AP solubilization capabilities under supercritical carbon dioxide processing conditions showed that the system with Soluplus (SOL) achieved the greatest improvement in AP dissolution (6455.4 ± 27.2 μg/mL). Using optimized process parameters (50 °C, 6500 PSI), the AP solubility increased to 8050.2 ± 35.1 μg/mL. X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) confirmed amorphization, aligning with improved dissolution of AP in both acidic and neutral pH media. As a result, using the PAMPA model, an improvement in AP penetration through membranes simulating gastrointestinal and blood–brain barriers was demonstrated. The significant stability of the obtained amorphous AP dispersion (12 months at room conditions) was associated with stabilizing AP–solubilizer intermolecular interactions, mainly expressed as the shifts in the bands of AP in the range of 1018–1269 cm−1 observed in ATR-FT-IR spectra. Chromatographic analysis confirmed the lack of AP decomposition immediately after the preparation of the amorphous dispersion, as well as after 12 months. As expected, the improvement of AP solubility is correlated with better biological activity assessed in selected in vitro tests such as antioxidant properties (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assays) and anticholinesterase inhibition capabilities (AChE and BChE assays). The effect of the studies on improving AP solubility under supercritical carbon dioxide processing conditions is obtaining a stable amorphous AP dispersion (up to 12 months). Regardless of the pH of the media, an improvement in AP dissolution and penetration, conditioned by the passive diffusion process, through biological membranes was noted. Moreover, a more efficient antioxidant and neuroprotective effect of AP in the developed amorphous dispersion can also be suggested. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Bioactives and Nutraceuticals)
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18 pages, 886 KiB  
Review
Chinese Medicine-Derived Natural Compounds and Intestinal Regeneration: Mechanisms and Experimental Evidence
by Fengbiao Guo and Shaoyi Zhang
Biomolecules 2025, 15(9), 1212; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom15091212 - 22 Aug 2025
Viewed by 112
Abstract
Intestinal regeneration is essential for maintaining epithelial integrity and repairing mucosal damage caused by inflammation, infections, or injuries. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has long utilized herbal remedies for gastrointestinal disorders, and accumulating evidence highlights that natural compounds derived from TCM possess significant regenerative [...] Read more.
Intestinal regeneration is essential for maintaining epithelial integrity and repairing mucosal damage caused by inflammation, infections, or injuries. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has long utilized herbal remedies for gastrointestinal disorders, and accumulating evidence highlights that natural compounds derived from TCM possess significant regenerative potential. This review summarizes the multifaceted mechanisms by which these bioactive compounds promote intestinal healing. Key actions include the stimulation of intestinal stem cell (ISC) proliferation and differentiation, the modulation of inflammatory responses, the reinforcement of epithelial barrier integrity, the attenuation of oxidative stress, and the reshaping of the gut microbiota. Representative compounds such as Astragalus polysaccharides, berberine, curcumin, puerarin, and flavonoids like quercetin exhibit these effects through signaling pathways, including HIF-1, Wnt/β-catenin, NF-κB, Nrf2, and IL-22. Evidence from in vitro organoid models and in vivo studies in colitis, radiation injury, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, and intestinal dysmotility and diarrhea models demonstrates that these compounds enhance crypt villus regeneration, preserve tight junctions, and improve clinical outcomes. The holistic, multi-target actions of Chinese medicine-derived natural products make them promising candidates for therapeutic strategies aimed at intestinal repair. Further clinical validation and mechanistic studies are warranted to facilitate their integration into modern gastrointestinal medicine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Bioactives as Leading Molecules for Drug Development)
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21 pages, 1557 KiB  
Review
Physiopathology of the Brain Renin-Angiotensin System
by Cristina Cueto-Ureña, María Jesús Ramírez-Expósito, María Pilar Carrera-González and José Manuel Martínez-Martos
Life 2025, 15(8), 1333; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15081333 - 21 Aug 2025
Viewed by 325
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has evolved from being considered solely a peripheral endocrine system for cardiovascular control to being recognized as a complex molecular network with important functions in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). Here we examine the [...] Read more.
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has evolved from being considered solely a peripheral endocrine system for cardiovascular control to being recognized as a complex molecular network with important functions in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). Here we examine the organization, mechanisms of action, and clinical implications of cerebral RAS in physiological conditions and in various neurological pathologies. The cerebral RAS operates autonomously, synthesizing its main components locally due to restrictions imposed by the blood–brain barrier. The key elements of the system are (pro)renin; (pro)renin receptor (PRR); angiotensinogen; angiotensin-converting enzyme types 1 and 2 (ACE1 and ACE2); angiotensin I (AngI), angiotensin II (AngII), angiotensin III (AngIII), angiotensin IV (AngIV), angiotensin A (AngA), and angiotensin 1-7 (Ang(1-7)) peptides; RAS-regulating aminopeptidases; and AT1 (AT1R), AT2 (AT2R), AT4 (AT4R/IRAP), and Mas (MasR) receptors. More recently, alamandine and its MrgD receptor have been included. They are distributed in specific brain regions such as the hypothalamus, hippocampus, cerebral cortex, and brainstem. The system is organized into two opposing axes: the classical axis (renin/ACE1/AngII/AT1R) with vasoconstrictive, proinflammatory, and prooxidative effects, and the alternative axes AngII/AT2R, AngIV/AT4R/IRAP, ACE2/Ang(1-7)/MasR and alamandine/MrgD receptor, with vasodilatory, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. This functional duality allows us to understand its role in neurological physiopathology. RAS dysregulation is implicated in multiple neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety. In brain aging, an imbalance toward hyperactivation of the renin/ACE1/AngII/AT1R axis is observed, contributing to cognitive impairment and neuroinflammation. Epidemiological studies and clinical trials have shown that pharmacological modulation of the RAS using ACE inhibitors (ACEIs) and AT1R antagonists (ARA-II) not only controls blood pressure but also offers neuroprotective benefits, reducing the incidence of cognitive decline and dementia. These effects are attributed to direct mechanisms on the CNS, including reduction of oxidative stress, decreased neuroinflammation, and improved cerebral blood flow. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Physiology and Pathology)
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15 pages, 718 KiB  
Essay
Emotions for Sustainable Oceans: Implications for Marine Conservation
by Evan J. Andrews and Sarah E. Wolfe
Sustainability 2025, 17(16), 7511; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17167511 - 20 Aug 2025
Viewed by 303
Abstract
This essay examines emotions as a critical, yet underutilized, dimension in marine conservation and ocean sustainability science. Drawing on cognitive neuroscience, social psychology, human geography, and political ecology, we argue that integrating emotional dimensions into research, policy, and practice can enhance both understanding [...] Read more.
This essay examines emotions as a critical, yet underutilized, dimension in marine conservation and ocean sustainability science. Drawing on cognitive neuroscience, social psychology, human geography, and political ecology, we argue that integrating emotional dimensions into research, policy, and practice can enhance both understanding and action toward marine conservation and ocean sustainability. We conceptualize emotions, and explore their experiential and functional implications in marine contexts. Using targeted case examples and theories, we identify both opportunities and challenges for applying emotional insights in research, policy, and practice, including barriers posed by dominant rationality models of human decision-making. We present intellectual pathways as well as research, methodological and policy agendas to integrate emotions into marine conservation research and strategies. Our analysis responds to gaps in the literature and provides actionable recommendations for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners during the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Sustainable Oceans)
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31 pages, 2786 KiB  
Review
Mechanisms and Therapeutic Advances of PXR in Metabolic Diseases and Cancer
by Yuanbo Bi, Sifan Liu, Lei Wang, Daiyin Peng, Weidong Chen, Yue Zhang and Yanyan Wang
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(16), 8029; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26168029 - 20 Aug 2025
Viewed by 187
Abstract
The pregnane X receptor (PXR), a ligand-activated nuclear receptor, plays a central role in regulating the metabolism of both endogenous substances and xenobiotics. In recent years, increasing evidence has highlighted its involvement in chronic diseases, particularly metabolic disorders and cancer. PXR modulates drug-metabolizing [...] Read more.
The pregnane X receptor (PXR), a ligand-activated nuclear receptor, plays a central role in regulating the metabolism of both endogenous substances and xenobiotics. In recent years, increasing evidence has highlighted its involvement in chronic diseases, particularly metabolic disorders and cancer. PXR modulates drug-metabolizing enzymes, transporters, inflammatory factors, lipid metabolism, and immune-related pathways, contributing to the maintenance of hepatic–intestinal barrier homeostasis, energy metabolism, and inflammatory responses. Specifically, in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), PXR influences disease progression by regulating glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. In obesity, it affects adipogenesis and inflammatory processes. In atherosclerosis (AS), PXR exerts protective effects through cholesterol metabolism and anti-inflammatory actions. In metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), it is closely associated with lipid synthesis, oxidative stress, and gut microbiota balance. Moreover, PXR plays dual roles in various cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer, and breast cancer. Currently, PXR-targeted strategies, such as small molecule agonists and antagonists, represent promising therapeutic avenues for treating metabolic diseases and cancer. This review comprehensively summarizes the structural features, signaling pathways, and gene regulatory functions of PXR, as well as its role in metabolic diseases and cancer, providing insights into its therapeutic potential and future drug development challenges. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism)
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27 pages, 1466 KiB  
Review
Curative Therapies for Hemophilias and Hemoglobinopathies in Adults: Immune, Gene, and Stem Cell Approaches in a Global Context
by Ayrton Bangolo, Behzad Amoozgar, Lili Zhang, Sarvarinder Gill, Daniel Lushimba Milolo, Justin Ngindu Kankonde, Claude Mbuyi Batakamuna, Robert Tassan, Christina Cho, John Bukasa-Kakamba and Kelley Mowatt-Pesce
Biomedicines 2025, 13(8), 2022; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13082022 - 19 Aug 2025
Viewed by 376
Abstract
Hemophilias and hemoglobinopathies—including hemophilias A and B, sickle cell disease (SCD), and β-thalassemia—are debilitating genetic disorders associated with significant global health burdens. While traditional management has centered on factor replacement and transfusions, these approaches remain palliative, with limited access and durability in many [...] Read more.
Hemophilias and hemoglobinopathies—including hemophilias A and B, sickle cell disease (SCD), and β-thalassemia—are debilitating genetic disorders associated with significant global health burdens. While traditional management has centered on factor replacement and transfusions, these approaches remain palliative, with limited access and durability in many regions. Recent advances in immune-based therapeutics (e.g., emicizumab, concizumab, crizanlizumab), viral vector-mediated gene addition (e.g., Roctavian, Hemgenix), and gene-modified autologous stem cell therapies (e.g., Zynteglo, Casgevy) have ushered in a new era of disease-modifying and potentially curative interventions. These therapies offer durable efficacy and improved quality of life, particularly in adult populations. However, implementation remains uneven across global health systems due to high costs, limited infrastructure, and regulatory heterogeneity. Additionally, ethical considerations such as long-term surveillance, informed consent in vulnerable populations, and social perceptions of genetic modification present ongoing challenges. Innovations such as multiplex genome editing, immune-evasive donor platforms, synthetic biology, and AI-driven treatment modeling are poised to expand therapeutic horizons. Equitable access, particularly in regions bearing the highest disease burden, will require collaborative funding strategies, regional capacity building, and inclusive regulatory frameworks. This review summarizes the current landscape of curative therapy, outlines implementation barriers, and calls for coordinated international action to ensure that transformative care reaches all affected individuals worldwide. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art Molecular and Translational Medicine in USA)
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22 pages, 1766 KiB  
Article
Unlocking Circularity in Construction via Agile Methods and BIM
by Maja-Marija Nahod
Sustainability 2025, 17(16), 7497; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17167497 - 19 Aug 2025
Viewed by 336
Abstract
The construction sector is under growing pressure to transition from linear, resource-intensive models to regenerative, circular practices. While Circular Economy (CE), Building Information Modelling (BIM), and Agile Project Management (APM) are each recognized for their potential to improve sustainability, their combined application in [...] Read more.
The construction sector is under growing pressure to transition from linear, resource-intensive models to regenerative, circular practices. While Circular Economy (CE), Building Information Modelling (BIM), and Agile Project Management (APM) are each recognized for their potential to improve sustainability, their combined application in construction remains underexplored, particularly among small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). In this study, we propose a conceptual framework integrating CE as a strategic objective, APM as the procedural methodology, and BIM as the digital enabler to foster circular practices in construction. Unlike previous studies, this research empirically integrates CE, BIM, and APM into a single coherent framework tailored specifically for SMEs. The framework is informed by secondary analysis of the BLOOM project dataset (n = 153) and a targeted readiness survey (n = 98) conducted among SMEs in the Mediterranean and Central European regions. The findings reveal a significant gap between awareness and implementation: while over 75% of respondents are familiar with CE and 63% use BIM tools, only 19% demonstrate readiness to integrate all three approaches. The main barriers—training gaps, regulatory ambiguity, and digital immaturity—are explored in detail. This study contributes by introducing a five-pillar framework and by identifying and analysing specific barriers that SMEs face when integrating CE–APM–BIM practices. Nevertheless, strong conceptual alignment exists, with over 80% agreeing on the potential of CE–Agile–BIM synergy. This study offers actionable insights into overcoming adoption barriers and emphasizes the need for policy-driven pilot projects, peer learning, and tailored capacity building to foster regenerative construction practices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Sustainable Engineering and Science)
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19 pages, 1400 KiB  
Systematic Review
Targeting Macrophages in Glioblastoma: Current Therapies and Future Directions
by Giovanni Pennisi, Federico Valeri, Benedetta Burattini, Placido Bruzzaniti, Carmelo Lucio Sturiale, Andrea Talacchi, Fabio Papacci, Alessandro Olivi and Giuseppe Maria Della Pepa
Cancers 2025, 17(16), 2687; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17162687 - 18 Aug 2025
Viewed by 387
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor characterized by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), which contributes to treatment resistance and disease progression. Background: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), comprising both resident microglia and bone marrow–derived macrophages, play a central role in supporting tumor growth, [...] Read more.
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor characterized by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), which contributes to treatment resistance and disease progression. Background: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), comprising both resident microglia and bone marrow–derived macrophages, play a central role in supporting tumor growth, angiogenesis, and immune evasion. Most TAMs adopt an M2-like immunosuppressive phenotype, making them a promising target for immunomodulatory strategies in GBM. Method: According to PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic literature review and recruited eligible studies focused on therapeutic approaches targeting TAMs in GBM, emphasizing mechanisms of action, efficacy, and challenges. Data extraction focused on therapeutic classes, outcomes, and TAM-related biomarkers. Results: We identified 30 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. These therapies are categorized into three main strategies: inhibition of TAM recruitment, enhancement of TAM-mediated phagocytosis, and reprogramming of TAMs. Combination strategies, including TAM-targeting with checkpoint inhibitors, nanoparticles, and oncolytic viruses, show synergistic effects in preclinical models. Conclusions: Targeting TAMs represents a multifaceted strategy for GBM treatment. Current evidence underscores the need for combination approaches integrating TAM modulation with existing standard-of-care therapies. Clinical translation remains limited due to challenges such as TAM heterogeneity, plasticity, immunosuppressive therapies, and restricted drug delivery across the blood–brain barrier. Future directions should highlight personalized treatments based on detailed TME profiling. Combining TAM-targeted therapies with agents modulating metabolic or immune pathways, and leveraging advanced delivery systems and spatial transcriptomics may improve efficacy. Full article
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23 pages, 3101 KiB  
Review
Hydroxytyrosol and Brain Tumors: Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Potential
by Cristina Cueto-Ureña, María Jesús Ramírez-Expósito, María Pilar Carrera-González and José Manuel Martínez-Martos
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2025, 47(8), 667; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb47080667 - 18 Aug 2025
Viewed by 268
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) tumors, especially gliomas and IDH-wildtype glioblastoma, present high aggressiveness, low response to current treatments and limited survival. Several biological processes such as oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy are involved in their development. Hydroxytyrosol (HTX), a phenolic compound present [...] Read more.
Central nervous system (CNS) tumors, especially gliomas and IDH-wildtype glioblastoma, present high aggressiveness, low response to current treatments and limited survival. Several biological processes such as oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy are involved in their development. Hydroxytyrosol (HTX), a phenolic compound present in olives, has shown relevant effects on these processes in experimental models. This review analyzes its chemical characteristics, bioavailability, and ability to cross the blood–brain barrier, as well as its mechanisms of action. Despite its rapid metabolism, HTX can reach the brain in small but functional amounts, and various formulation methods can enhance its delivery to nervous tissue. HTX acts on cellular pathways such as Nrf2, NF-κB, JAK/STAT, PI3K/Akt and SIRT1, regulating redox balance, inflammation, programmed cell death, and autophagy. It can also influence gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms. In cell models, it has shown inhibitory effects on tumor growth and activation of apoptosis, without affecting non-tumor cells. These results support its possible usefulness as an adjunct in the treatment of brain tumors, although further studies in animal and human models are required. Full article
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34 pages, 2062 KiB  
Review
Cognitive–Affective Negotiation Process in Green Food Purchase Intention: A Qualitative Study Based on Grounded Theory
by Yingying Lian, Jirawan Deeprasert and Songyu Jiang
Foods 2025, 14(16), 2856; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14162856 - 18 Aug 2025
Viewed by 260
Abstract
Green food serves as a bridge connecting healthy lifestyles with environmental values, particularly in the context of sustainable consumption transitions. However, existing research lacks a systematic understanding of how consumers negotiate cognitive evaluations and emotional responses when forming green food purchase intentions. This [...] Read more.
Green food serves as a bridge connecting healthy lifestyles with environmental values, particularly in the context of sustainable consumption transitions. However, existing research lacks a systematic understanding of how consumers negotiate cognitive evaluations and emotional responses when forming green food purchase intentions. This study addresses that gap by exploring the cognitive–affective negotiation process underlying consumers’ green food choices. Based on 26 semi-structured interviews with Chinese consumers across diverse socio-economic backgrounds, the grounded theory methodology was employed to inductively construct a conceptual model. The coding process achieved theoretical saturation, while sentiment analysis was integrated to trace the emotional valence of key behavioral drivers. Findings reveal that external factors—including price sensitivity, label ambiguity, access limitations, social influence, and health beliefs—shape behavioral intentions indirectly through three core affective mediators: green trust, perceived value, and lifestyle congruence. These internal constructs translate contextual stimuli into evaluative and motivational responses, highlighting the dynamic interplay between rational judgments and symbolic–emotional interpretations. Sentiment analysis confirmed that emotional trust and psychological reassurance are pivotal in facilitating consumption intention, while price concerns and skepticism act as affective inhibitors. The proposed model extends the Theory of Planned Behavior by embedding affective mediation pathways and structural constraint dynamics, offering a more context-sensitive framework for understanding sustainable consumption behaviors. Given China’s certification-centered trust environment, these findings underscore the cultural specificity of institutional trust mechanisms, with implications for adapting the model in different market contexts. Practically, this study offers actionable insights for policymakers and marketers to enhance eco-label transparency, reduce structural barriers, and design emotionally resonant brand narratives that align with consumers’ identity aspirations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Sensory and Consumer Sciences)
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21 pages, 4146 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Spatiotemporal Distribution Trends of Aerosol Optical Depth and Meteorological Influences in Gansu Province, Northwest China
by Fangfang Huang, Chongshui Gong, Weiqiang Ma, Hao Liu, Binbin Zhong, Cuiwen Jing, Jie Fu, Chunyan Zhang and Xinghua Zhang
Remote Sens. 2025, 17(16), 2874; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17162874 - 18 Aug 2025
Viewed by 285
Abstract
Atmospheric pollution constitutes one of the key environmental challenges hindering Atmospheric pollution is a key environmental challenge constraining the sustainable development of Gansu Province’s land-based Belt and Road corridor and its regional ecological barrier function. The spatiotemporal heterogeneity of aerosol optical depth (AOD) [...] Read more.
Atmospheric pollution constitutes one of the key environmental challenges hindering Atmospheric pollution is a key environmental challenge constraining the sustainable development of Gansu Province’s land-based Belt and Road corridor and its regional ecological barrier function. The spatiotemporal heterogeneity of aerosol optical depth (AOD) profoundly impacts regional environmental quality. Based on MODIS AOD, NCEP reanalysis, and emission data, this study employed trend analysis (Mann–Kendall test) and attribution analysis (multiple linear regression combined with LMG and Spearman correlation) to investigate the spatiotemporal evolution of AOD over Gansu Province during 2009–2019 and its meteorological and emission drivers. Key findings include the following: (1) AOD exhibited significant spatial heterogeneity, with high values concentrated in the Hexi Corridor and central regions; monthly variation showed a unimodal pattern (peak value of 0.293 in April); and AOD generally declined slowly province-wide during 2009–2019 (52.8% of the area showed significant decreases). (2) Following the implementation of the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan in 2013 (2014–2019), AOD trends stabilized or declined in 99.8% of the area, indicating significant improvement. (3) Meteorological influences displayed distinct regional-seasonal specificity—the Hexi Corridor (arid zone) was characterized by strong negative correlations with relative humidity (RH2) and wind speed (WS) year-round, and positive correlations with temperature (T2) in spring but negative in summer in the north; the Hedong region (industrial zone) featured strong positive correlations with planetary boundary layer height (PBLH) in summer (r > 0.6) and with T2 in spring/summer; and the Gannan Plateau (alpine zone) showed positive WS correlations in spring and weak positive RH2 correlations in spring/autumn, highlighting the decisive regulatory role of underlying surface properties. (4) Emission factors (PM2.5, SO42, NO3, NH4+, OM, and BC) dominated (>50% relative contribution) in 80% of seasonal scenarios, prevailing in most regions (Hexi: 71–95% year-round; Hedong: 68–80% year-round; and Gannan: 69–72% in spring/summer). Key components included BC (contributing > 30% in 11 seasons, e.g., 52.5% in Hedong summer), NO3 + NH4+ (>57% in Hexi summer/autumn), and OM (20.3% in Gannan summer, 19.0% province-wide spring). Meteorological factors were the primary driver exclusively in Gannan winter (82%, T2-dominated) and province-wide summer (67%, RH2 + WS-dominated). In conclusion, Gansu’s AOD evolution is co-driven by emission factors (dominant province-wide) and meteorological factors (regionally and seasonally specific). Post-2013 environmental policies effectively promoted regional air quality improvement, providing a scientific basis for differentiated aerosol pollution control in arid, industrial, and alpine zones. Full article
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22 pages, 10353 KiB  
Article
Liupao Tea Extract Alleviates Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice by Regulating the Gut–Joint Axis Mediated via Fatty Acid Metabolism
by Ying Tong, Zhiyong She, Xueting Lin, Jichu Luo, Xuan Guan, Mingsen Wen, Li Huang, Bao Yang, Xiaoying Liang, Song Xu, Yuru Tan, Pingchuan Zhu, Zhaoyang Wei, Haidan Liu, Xiadan Liu and Qisong Zhang
Foods 2025, 14(16), 2854; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14162854 - 18 Aug 2025
Viewed by 304
Abstract
As a highly disabling chronic inflammatory disease, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) necessitates novel interventions. Liupao tea is a traditional Chinese dark tea known for its favorable anti-inflammatory properties. This study aims to elucidate the active ingredients and action mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of [...] Read more.
As a highly disabling chronic inflammatory disease, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) necessitates novel interventions. Liupao tea is a traditional Chinese dark tea known for its favorable anti-inflammatory properties. This study aims to elucidate the active ingredients and action mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of Liupao tea extract (LPTE) in RA. LPTE was preliminarily characterized by LC-MS technology. Network pharmacology and molecular docking predicted anti-RA compounds, targets, and pathways, with key compounds identified using chemical standards. The effect of LPTE on the collagen-induced arthritis mouse model was evaluated through serum biochemical analysis, micro-CT imaging, and histopathological analyses. Integrated serum metabolomics, 16S rRNA sequencing, MetOrigin analysis, SCFA metabolomics, and quantitative real-time PCR elucidated gut–joint axis mechanisms. LPTE effectively attenuated RA symptoms by reducing bone destruction and joint inflammation. Notably, LPTE reshaped gut microbiota by enriching key families such as Monoglobaceae, Eggerthellaceae, and Desulfovibrionaceae, thereby promoting SCFA production. Increased SCFA levels enhanced intestinal barrier integrity and exerted joint-protective and anti-inflammatory effects by upregulating tight junction proteins and activating SCFA receptors. LPTE also modulated arachidonic acid metabolism by affecting key genes such as Alox5, Ptgs2, and Cbr1. These effects collectively reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines in joints. Additionally, quercetin, luteolin, ellagic acid, and kaempferol were identified as major anti-RA bioactive compounds in LPTE. Taken together, this study provides preliminary evidence that LPTE mitigates RA by regulating the gut–joint axis mediated via fatty acid metabolism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Nutraceuticals, Functional Foods, and Novel Foods)
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20 pages, 1341 KiB  
Review
Regional Perspectives on Service Learning and Implementation Barriers: A Systematic Review
by Stephanie Lavaux, José Isaias Salas, Andrés Chiappe and Maria Soledad Ramírez-Montoya
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(16), 9058; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15169058 - 17 Aug 2025
Viewed by 381
Abstract
Service learning (SL) is at a pivotal moment as education systems worldwide confront the challenges and opportunities posed by artificial intelligence (AI) and digital technologies. This scoping review synthesizes regional perspectives on SL and examines the barriers to its implementation in higher education. [...] Read more.
Service learning (SL) is at a pivotal moment as education systems worldwide confront the challenges and opportunities posed by artificial intelligence (AI) and digital technologies. This scoping review synthesizes regional perspectives on SL and examines the barriers to its implementation in higher education. This study adopts a methodological approach widely used in prior educational research, enriched with selected PRISMA processes, namely identification, screening, and eligibility, to enhance its transparency and rigor. A total of 101 peer-reviewed articles were analyzed, using a mixed methods approach. Results are presented for six regions, Africa, Asia, Latin America, Europe, North America, and Oceania, revealing context-specific constraints, such as technological infrastructure, policy frameworks, linguistic diversity, and socio-economic disparities. Common barriers across regions include limited faculty training, insufficient institutional support, and misalignment with community needs. AI is explored as a potential enabler of SL, not as an empirical outcome, but as part of a reasoned argument emerging from the documented complexity of SL implementation in the literature. Ethical considerations, including algorithmic bias, equitable access, and the preservation of human agency, are addressed, alongside mitigation strategies that are grounded in participatory design and community engagement. This review offers a comparative, context-sensitive understanding of SL implementation challenges, providing actionable insights for educators, policymakers, and researchers, aiming to integrate technology-enhanced solutions responsibly. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Digital Technology and AI in Educational Settings)
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