Search Results (24)

In this manuscript, a new form of the generalized q-deformed Sinh-Gordon equation is investigated which could model physical systems with broken symmetries and to incorporate phenomena involving amplification or dissipation. The proposed model is explored based on the Lie symmetry approach. Using similarity reduction, the partial differential equation is transformed into an ordinary differential equation. By employing the generalized auxiliary equation approach, precise results for the derived equation are obtained. The solutions are graphically depicted as 3D, 2D, and contour plots. Furthermore, the qualitative analysis of the considered model is investigated by employing the concepts of bifurcation and chaos. The phase profiles are displayed for different sets of the parameters. Additionally, by applying an external periodic strength, quasi-periodic and chaotic behaviors are documented. Various tools for detecting chaos are discussed, including 3D and 2D phase patterns, time series, and Poincaré maps. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis is conducted for various initial conditions. The obtained findings are unique and indicate the viability and efficacy of the suggested strategies for evaluating soliton solutions and phase illustrations for various nonlinear models. Full article

The analysis of individuals’ movement behaviors is an important area of research in geographic information sciences, with broad applications in smart mobility and transportation systems. Recent advances in information and communication technologies have enabled the collection of vast amounts of mobility data for investigating movement behaviors using trajectory data mining techniques. Trajectory clustering is one commonly used method, but most existing methods require a complete similarity matrix to quantify the similarities among users’ trajectories in the dataset. This creates a significant computational overhead for large datasets with many user trajectories. To address this complexity, an efficient clustering-based method for network constraint trajectories is proposed, which can help with transportation planning and reduce traffic congestion on roads. The proposed algorithm is based on spatiotemporal buffering and overlapping operations and involves the following steps: (i) Trajectory preprocessing, which uses an efficient map-matching algorithm to match trajectory points to the road network. (ii) Trajectory segmentation, where a Compressed Linear Reference (CLR) technique is used to convert the discrete 3D trajectories to 2D CLR space. (iii) Spatiotemporal proximity analysis, which calculates a partial similarity matrix using the Longest Common Subsequence similarity indicator in CLR space. (iv) Trajectory clustering, which uses density-based and hierarchical clustering approaches to cluster the trajectories. To verify the proposed clustering-based method, a case study is carried out using real trajectories from the GeoLife project of Microsoft Research Asia. The case study results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method compared with other state-of-the-art clustering-based methods. Full article

This investigation aims to explore certain variables which are considered responsible for generating pressure anisotropy in dynamical spherically symmetric stellar systems against the background of the stringy-inspired Gauss–Bonnet modification of general relativity. We explore the hydrostatic equilibrium of self-gravitating systems by taking into account the modified form of Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff for the quadratic-$f\left(\mathcal{G}\right)$ gravitational model. In this respect, we formulate a differential equation in terms of the Weyl curvature scalar, also described as an evolution equation, which is essential for understanding the evolution of the stellar structure. Finally, we conclude that the existence of some fluid variables such as shear, heat flux and the irregular behavior of energy density in the presence of an extra degree $f\left(\mathcal{G}\right)$-terms in the fluid flow that are the elements that cause anisotropy in the initially isotropic stellar structure. The comparison of the presented results with those of the classical model shows that they are physically relevant and compatible. Full article

This manuscript presents a simulation study of a track-based analysis of the multiplicity distributions of the primary charged particle compared to experimental measurements in symmetric hadron–hadron collisions acquiring maximum energy for the new particle production. The data are compared to the simulations of EPOS, PYTHIA8, Sibyll, and QGSJET under the same conditions. The event generators in the current study are simple parton-based models that incorporate the Reggie–Gribov theory. The latter is a field theory based on the QCD that uses the mechanism of multiple parton interactions. It has been found that the PYTHIA8 model chases the data well in most of the distributions but depends on the momentum and the requirement of charged particles in a given track, due to its feature-like color reshuffling of quarks and gluons through the color re-connection modes and initial and final state radiations by incorporating the parton showers. The EPOS model could also reproduce some spectral regions and presents a good comparison after the PYTHIA8. All the other models could not produce most of the spectra except for the limited region, which also depends on the analysis’s cuts. Besides the model’s prediction, we used Tsallis–Pareto and Hagedorn functions to fit the aforementioned spectra of the charged particles. The fit is applied to the data and models, and their results are compared. We extract the temperature parameter T₀₁ (effective temperature (T_eff)) from the Tsallis–Pareto-kind function and T₀₂ (kinetic freezeout temperature) from the Hagedorn function. The temperatures are affected by p_T as well N_ch cuts. Full article

In this article, a new version of the generalized q-deformed Sinh–Gordon equation is presented, and analytical solutions are developed for specific parameter sets using those equations. There is a possibility that the new equation can be used to model physical systems that have broken symmetries and include also effects related to amplification or dissipation. In addition, we have include some illustrations that depict the varied patterns of soliton propagation. Full article

In this paper, the (2+1)-dimensional q-deformed Sinh-Gordon model has been investigated via $(\frac{G^{{}^{\prime }}}{G},\frac{1}{G})$-expansion and Sine-Gordon-expansion methods. These techniques successfully retrieve trigonometric as well as hyperbolic solutions, along necessary restricted conditions applied on parameters. In addition to these solutions, dark solitons and complexiton solutions have also been obtained. The proposed equation expands the possibilities for modeling physical systems in which symmetry is broken. The obtained solutions are graphically illustrated. A Painlevé analysis for the proposed model has also been discussed in this paper. Full article

The transverse momentum distributions of inclusive charged particles in pseudorapidity bins with a width of 0.2 are reported for a simulation study of PYTHIA8, Sibyll, and EPOS. The models’ predictions are compared with the experimental measurements reported by the CMS experiment in symmetric $pp$ collisions, allowing the maximum energy for new particle production at $\sqrt{s}$ = 0.9, 2.36, and 7 TeV. While comparing the models’ predictions with the data, we found that the default module of the PYTHIA model reproduced a good prediction of the data because it tuned the lower cut-off phase space parameter of the transverse momentum. In the second place, the EPOS model reproduced predictions that were close to the data, while the Sibyll model reproduced the data in a narrow region of the $p_T$ distributions. In addition to that, the fit of the $p_T$ distribution of the data by the standard distribution function was used to obtain the effective temperature of the hadronic medium. The effective temperature increased with an increase in the pseudorapidity and had a more significant value at higher center-of-mass energies, which may indicate a change in the reaction mechanism or possible formation of a different phase of hadronic matter. Full article

In this work, the fractional novel analytic method (FNAM) is successfully implemented on some well-known, strongly nonlinear fractional partial differential equations (NFPDEs), and the results show the approach’s efficiency. The main purpose is to show the method’s strength on FPDEs by minimizing the calculation effort. The novel numerical approach has shown to be the simplest technique for obtaining the numerical solution to any form of the fractional partial differential equation (FPDE). Full article

The current exploration focuses on the impact of homogeneous and heterogeneous chemical reactions on titanium dioxide-ethylene glycol (EG)-based nanoliquid flow over a rotating disk with thermal radiation. In this paper, a horizontal uniform magnetic field is used to regularise the flow field produced by a rotating disk. Further, we conduct a comparative study on fluid flow with and without aggregation. Suitable transformations are used to convert the governing partial differential equations (PDEs) into ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Later, the attained system is solved numerically by means of the shooting method in conjunction with the Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg fourth-fifth-order method (RKF-45). The outcome reveals that the fluid flow without nanoparticle aggregation shows enhanced heat transport than for augmented values of melting parameter. Furthermore, for augmented values of strength of homogeneous and heterogeneous reaction parameters, the mass transfer is greater in fluid flow with aggregation conditions. Full article

The purpose of this research is to investigate the consequence of thermophoretic particle deposition (TPD) on the movement of a TiO₂/water-based micropolar nanoliquid surface in the existence of a porous medium, a heat source/sink, and bioconvection. Movement, temperature, and mass transfer measurements are also performed in the attendance and nonappearance of nanoparticle aggregation. The nonlinear partial differential equations are transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations using appropriate similarity factors, and numerical research is carried out using the Runge-Kutta-Felhberg 4th/5th order and shooting technique. The obtained results show that improved values of the porous constraint will decline the velocity profile. Improvement in heat source/sink parameter directly affects the temperature profile. Thermophoretic parameter, bioconvection Peclet number, and Lewis number decrease the concentration and bioconvection profiles. Increases in the heat source/sink constraint and solid volume fraction will advance the rate of thermal dispersion. Nanoparticle with aggregation exhibits less impact in case of velocity profile, but shows a greater impact on temperature, concentration, and bioconvection profiles. Full article

The hybrid nanofluid has sparked new significance in the industrial and engineering sectors because of their applications like water heating in solar and analysis of heat exchanger surfaces. As a result, the current study emphasizes the analysis of heat transfer and Agrawal axisymmetric flow towards a rotational stagnation point incorporated via hybrid nanofluids imposing on a radially permeable shrinking/stretching rotating disk. The leading partial differential equations are refined into ordinary differential equations by using appropriate similarity variables. The bvp4c solver in MATLAB is then employed to solve the simplified system numerically. The current numerical procedure is adequate of generating double solutions when excellent initial guesses are implemented. The results show that the features of fluid flow along with heat transfer rate induced by hybrid nanofluid are significantly influenced. The Nusselt number and the tendency of the wall drag force can be improved as the concentration of nanoparticles and the suction factor are increased. Moreover, the results of the model have been discussed in detail for both solution branches due to the cases of rotating disk parameter as well as non-rotating disk parameter. Therefore, an extraordinary behavior is observed for the branch of lower solutions in the case of rotating disk parameter. In addition, the shear stress in the radial direction upsurges for the first solution but declines for the second solution with higher values of suction. Moreover, the rotating parameter slows down the separation of the boundary layer. Full article

The mass and heat transfer magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flows have a substantial use in heat exchangers, electromagnetic casting, X-rays, the cooling of nuclear reactors, mass transportation, magnetic drug treatment, energy systems, fiber coating, etc. The present work numerically explores the mass and heat transportation flow of MHD micropolar fluid with the consideration of a chemical reaction. The flow is taken between the walls of a permeable channel. The quasi-linearization technique is utilized to solve the complex dynamical coupled and nonlinear differential equations. The consequences of the preeminent parameters are portrayed via graphs and tables. A tabular and graphical comparison evidently reveals a correlation of our results with the existing ones. A strong deceleration is found in the concentration due to the effect of a chemical reaction. Furthermore, the impact of the magnetic field force is to devaluate the mass and heat transfer rates not only at the lower but at the upper channel walls, likewise. Full article

Industrial waste such as Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag (GGBS) and Granite Waste Powder (GWP) is available in huge quantities in several states of India. These ingredients have no recognized application and are usually shed in landfills. This process and these materials are sources of severe environmental pollution. This industrial waste has been utilized as a binder for geopolymers, which is our primary focus. This paper presents the investigation of the optimum percentage of granite waste powder as a binder, specifically, the effect of molar and alkaline to binder (A/B) ratio on the mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete (GPC). Additionally, this study involves the use of admixture SP-340 for better performance of workability. Current work focuses on investigating the effect of a change in molarity that results in strength development in geopolymer concrete. The limits for the present work were: GGBS partially replaced by GWP up to 30%; molar ranging from 12 to 18 with the interval of 2 M; and A/B ratio of 0.30. For 16 M of GPC, a maximum slump was observed for GWP with 60 mm compared to other molar concentration. For 16 M of GPC, a maximum compressive strength (CS) was observed for GWP with 20%, of 33.95 MPa. For 16 M of GPC, a maximum STS was observed for GWP, with 20%, of 3.15 MPa. For 16 M of GPC, a maximum FS was observed for GWP, with 20%, of 4.79 MPa. Geopolymer concrete has better strength properties than conventional concrete. GPC is $13.70 costlier than conventional concrete per cubic meter. Full article

In this article, we examine the three-dimensional Prandtl nanofluid flow model (TD-PNFM) by utilizing the technique of Levenberg Marquardt with backpropagated artificial neural network (TLM-BANN). The flow is generated by stretched sheet. The electro conductive Prandtl nanofluid is taken through magnetic field. The PDEs representing the TD-PNFM are converted to system of ordinary differential equations, then the obtained ODEs are solved through Adam numerical solver to compute the reference dataset with the variations of Prandtl fluid number, flexible number, ratio parameter, Prandtl number, Biot number and thermophoresis number. The correctness and the validation of the proposed TD-PNFM are examined by training, testing and validation process of TLM-BANN. Regression analysis, error histogram and results of mean square error (MSE), validates the performance analysis of designed TLM-BANN. The performance is ranges 10⁻¹⁰, 10⁻¹⁰, 10⁻¹⁰, 10⁻¹¹, 10⁻¹⁰ and 10⁻¹⁰ with epochs 204, 192, 143, 20, 183 and 176, as depicted through mean square error. Temperature profile decreases whenever there is an increase in Prandtl fluid number, flexible number, ratio parameter and Prandtl number, but temperature profile shows an increasing behavior with the increase in Biot number and thermophoresis number. The absolute error values by varying the parameters for temperature profile are 10⁻⁸ to 10⁻³, 10⁻⁸ to 10⁻³, 10⁻⁷ to 10⁻³, 10⁻⁷ to 10⁻³, 10⁻⁷ to 10⁻⁴ and 10⁻⁸ to 10⁻³. Similarly, the increase in Prandtl fluid number, flexible number and ratio parameter leads to a decrease in the concentration profile, whereas the increase in thermophoresis parameter increases the concentration distribution. The absolute error values by varying the parameters for concentration profile are 10⁻⁸ to 10⁻³, 10⁻⁷ to 10⁻³, 10⁻⁷ to 10⁻³ and 10⁻⁸ to 10⁻³. Velocity distribution shows an increasing trend for the upsurge in the values of Prandtl fluid parameter and flexible parameter. Skin friction coefficient declines for the increase in Hartmann number and ratio parameter Nusselt number falls for the rising values of thermophoresis parameter against N_b. Full article

Artificial intelligence applications based on soft computing and machine learning algorithms have recently become the focus of researchers’ attention due to their robustness, precise modeling, simulation, and efficient assessment. The presented work aims to provide an innovative application of Levenberg Marquardt Technique with Artificial Back Propagated Neural Networks (LMT-ABPNN) to examine the entropy generation in Marangoni convection Magnetohydrodynamic Second Grade Fluidic flow model (MHD-SGFM) with Joule heating and dissipation impact. The PDEs describing MHD-SGFM are reduced into ODEs by appropriate transformation. The dataset is determined through Homotopy Analysis Method by the variation of physical parameters for all scenarios of proposed LMT-ABPNN. The reference data samples for training/validation/testing processes are utilized as targets to determine the approximated solution of proposed LMT-ABPNN. The performance of LMT-ABPNN is validated by MSE based fitness, error histogram scrutiny, and regression analysis. Furthermore, the influence of pertinent parameters on temperature, concentration, velocity, entropy generation, and Bejan number is also deliberated. The study reveals that the larger $\beta$ and $Ma$, the higher $f^{\prime }\left(\eta \right)$ while $M$ has the reverse influence on $f^{\prime }\left(\eta \right).$ For higher values of $\beta , M, Ma,$ and $Ec$, $\theta \left(\eta \right)$ boosts. The concentration $\varphi \left(\eta \right)$ drops as Ma and Sc grow. An augmentation is noticed for $N_{G }$for higher estimations of $\beta ,M,$ and $Br$. Larger $\beta ,M$ and $Br$ decays the Bejan number. Full article