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A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Wastewater Treatment and Reuse".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 June 2022) | Viewed by 24158

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Alejandro Gonzalez-Martinez

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Guest Editor

Department of Microbiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
Interests: molecular biology; biotechnology; applied microbiology; next-generation sequencing; biological wastewater treatment
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Prof. Dr. Jesus Gonzalez-Lopez

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Guest Editor

Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, 18003 Granada, Spain
Interests: wastewater treatment; resource recovery; bioengineering; biofactories; enviromental microbiology; granular bioreactors
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Prof. Dr. Massimiliano Fenice

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Guest Editor

1. Laboratory of Microbiology, and Laboratory of Marine Applied Microbiology (CONISMA), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
2. Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
Interests: microbiology; microbial biotechnology; marine microbiology; biological water and wastewater treatment; metagenomic and metagenetic analysis
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Dr. Bárbara Muñoz Palazón

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Guest Editor

Department of Microbiology, University of Granada, 18017 Granada, Spain
Interests: microbiome; biological treatment; emerging contaminants; wastewater treatment; virome; granular technologies; biofilm technologies
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Keywords

Biological water and wastewater treatment
Anaerobic bioreactors
Aerobic bioreactors
Biotechnology
Groundwater treatment
Granular biomass
Microbial population in water and wastewater treatment
Microbiology

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

23 pages, 2192 KB

Open AccessArticle

Evaluation of Microalgal Bacterial Dynamics in Pig-Farming Biogas Digestate under Impacts of Light Intensity and Nutrient Using Physicochemical Parameters

by Anh Le Pham, Khanh Duy Luu, Thuy Thi Duong, Thanh Mai Thi Dinh, Son Quoc Nguyen, Toan Khanh Nguyen, Hung Cong Duong, Quynh Phuong Thi Le and Thu Phuong Le

Water 2022, 14(14), 2275; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14142275 - 21 Jul 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3218

Abstract

Determination of the dynamics between microalgae and bacteria in pig farming biogas digestate is vital for a consistent and reliable application towards sustainable wastewater treatment and biofuel production. This study assesses the reliability of using physicochemical parameters as indicators for the rapid evaluation of microalgal bacterial dynamics in real digestate under impacts of light, nutrient loads, and N:P ratios. The relationship between variation profiles of nutrients, biomass and physicochemical properties in each experiment was analyzed. High light and high nutrient load enhanced biomass growth and nutrient removal rate. Ammonium addition (high N:P ratio) elevated NH₃ level which inhibited the growth of microalgae, subsequently reducing the biomass growth and nutrient removal. Low N:P ratio triggered the accumulation of phosphorus and the growth of chlorophyll-a but exerted little influence on treatment. Variation profiles of dissolved oxygen, nutrient and biomass were highly consistent in every experiment allowing us to identify the shift from microalgal to bacterial predomination under unfavorable conditions including low light intensity and high N:P ratio. Strong linear correlation was also found between total nitrogen removal and electrical conductivity (R² = 0.9754). The results show the great potential of rapid evaluation of microalgal bacterial dynamics for large scale system optimization and modelling. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biotechnology Applications in Water and Wastewater Treatment)

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14 pages, 2672 KB

Open AccessArticle

Aspergillus niger Culture Filtrate (ACF) Mediated Biocontrol of Enteric Pathogens in Wastewater

by Suja Subhash, Pradeesh Babu, Amrutha Vijayakumar, Reshma Alookaran Suresh, Ajith Madhavan, Bipin Gopalakrishnan Nair and Sanjay Pal

Water 2022, 14(1), 119; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14010119 - 5 Jan 2022

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 8440

Abstract

Robust control of pathogens in sewage facilitates safe reuse of wastewater rich in valuable nutrients for potential valorization through biological means. Aspergillus niger is widely reported in bioremediation of wastewater but studies on control of enteric pathogens in sewage are very sparse. So, this study aimed at exploring the antibacterial and nematicidal activity of A. niger culture filtrate (ACF). Antibacterial activity of ACF on enteric pathogens (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella enterica, Shigella dysenteriae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella variicola) was determined by spectrophotometric growth analysis, resazurin based viability assay and biofilm formation assay. ACF showed inhibition against all enteric pathogens except Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Nematicidal studies on Caenorhabditis elegans showed 85% egg hatch inhibition and 52% mortality of L1 larvae. Sewage treatment with ACF at 1:1 (v/v) showed 2–3 log reduction in coliforms, Klebsiella, Shigella, Salmonella, S. aureus and Vibrio except Pseudomonas, indicating significant alteration of complex microbial dynamics in wastewater. Application of ACF can potentially be used as a robust biocontrol strategy against infectious microbes in wastewater and subsequent valorization by cultivating beneficial Pseudomonas. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biotechnology Applications in Water and Wastewater Treatment)

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15 pages, 3240 KB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Persistence of Enterobacteriaceae Drawn into a Marine Saltern (Saline di Tarquinia, Italy) from the Adjacent Coastal Zone

by Susanna Gorrasi, Marcella Pasqualetti, Andrea Franzetti, Alejandro Gonzalez-Martinez, Jesus Gonzalez-Lopez, Barbara Muñoz-Palazon and Massimiliano Fenice

Water 2021, 13(11), 1443; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13111443 - 21 May 2021

Cited by 17 | Viewed by 4854

Abstract

Enterobacteriaceae is present in various niches worldwide (i.e., the gastrointestinal tracts of animals, clinical specimens, and diverse environments) and hosts some well-known pathogens (i.e., salmonellas, shigellas and pathogenic coliforms). No investigation has focused on its occurrence in marine salterns, and it is not clear if these hypersaline environments could be a reservoir for these bacteria including some potentially harmful members. In this study, a two-year metabarcoding survey was carried out on samples collected from different ponds of the “Saline di Tarquinia” salterns and the nearby coastal waters. Enterobacteriaceae was recorded almost constantly in the seawaters feeding the saltern. Its abundance was generally higher in the sea than in the ponds, probably due to the higher anthropic impact. The same trend was evidenced for the key genus (Escherichia/Shigella) and OTU (OTU 5) of the Enterobacteriaceae community. Various parameters affected taxon/OTU abundance: Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia/Shigella and OTU5 decreased with increasing salinity and rains; moreover, Escherichia/Shigella and OTU 5 were higher in autumn than in spring. Although Enterobacteriaceae did not seem to find the most favourable conditions for a high-abundance persistence in the saltern environment, it did not disappear. These observations suggested this environment as a potential reservoir for bacteria with possible important health implications. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biotechnology Applications in Water and Wastewater Treatment)

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15 pages, 3301 KB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Groundwater Nitrate Removal Performance of Selected Pseudomonas Strains Carrying nosZ Gene in Aerobic Granular Sequential Batch Reactors

by Miguel Hurtado-Martinez, Barbara Muñoz-Palazon, Alejandro Gonzalez-Martinez, Maximino Manzanera and Jesus Gonzalez-Lopez

Water 2021, 13(8), 1119; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13081119 - 19 Apr 2021

Cited by 13 | Viewed by 4304

Abstract

Four granular sequencing batch reactors (GSBRs) were inoculated with four denitrifying Pseudomonas strains carrying nosZ to study the process of granule formation, the operational conditions of the bioreactors, and the carbon concentration needed for nitrate removal. The selected Pseudomonas strains were P. stutzeri I1, P. fluorescens 376, P. denitrificans Z1, and P. fluorescens PSC26, previously reported as denitrifying microorganisms carrying the nosZ gene. Pseudomonas denitrificans Z1 produced fluffy, low-density granules, with a decantation speed below 10 m h⁻¹. However, P. fluorescens PSC26, P. stutzeri I1, and P. fluorescens 376 formed stable granules, with mean size from 7 to 15 mm, related to the strain and carbon concentration. P. stutzeri I1 and P. fluorescens 376 removed nitrate efficiently with a ratio in the range of 96%, depending on the source and concentration of organic matter. Therefore, the findings suggest that the inoculation of GSBR systems with denitrifying strains of Pseudomonas spp. containing the nosZ gene enables the formation of stable granules, the efficient removal of nitrate, and the transformation of nitrate into nitrogen gas, a result of considerable environmental interest to avoid the generation of nitrous oxide. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biotechnology Applications in Water and Wastewater Treatment)

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