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Water
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Water Treatment and Biopharmaceuticals – Research and Innovations
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Water Treatment and Biopharmaceuticals – Research and Innovations

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Wastewater Treatment and Reuse".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (19 April 2024) | Viewed by 12804

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Saikh M. Wabaidur

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Advanced Materials Research Chair, Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Interests: adsorption; toxic materials; biosorbent; water treatment; nano-composites; food; pharmaceuticals; analytical methods; chromatography; electrochemistry

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fresh water is an absolute necessity in our daily lives. However, the number of industrial and agricultural processes contaminating it day by day is leading to the scarcity of fresh water for both human consumption and agricultural uses. This forces people to face huge difficulties related to fresh water availability, leading to crisis situations, especially in water-scarce places. Hence, the refining and reuse of water will become increasingly demanding in the near future. Therefore, owing to the great importance of this topic, research articles describing various advanced and conventional water treatment processes will be very helpful for society and could make a positive contribution to the literature.

The current Special Issue aims to collect scientific research papers involving the topics of wastewater, treatment techniques, water reuse, advanced materials, analytical methods, spectroscopy, NMR analysis, FTIR analysis, surface analysis, microscopy, analytical biochemistry techniques, bioanalytical methodology, and environmental and pharmaceutical issues.

Dr. Saikh M. Wabaidur
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • adsorption
  • water treatment
  • biosorbents
  • advanced materials
  • nano-composites
  • analytical methods
  • spectroscopy
  • NMR analysis
  • FTIR
  • surface analysis
  • microscopy
  • environmental application

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 16775 KiB  
Article
Visible Light Photocatalytic Degradation of Environmental Pollutants Using Zn-Doped NiO Nanoparticles
by S. Minisha, J. Johnson, Saikh Mohammad, Jeetendra Kumar Gupta, Sikandar Aftab, Asma A. Alothman and Wen-Cheng Lai
Water 2024, 16(2), 340; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16020340 - 19 Jan 2024
Viewed by 974
Abstract
The study aims to contribute valuable insights into the potential applications of the photocatalyst, particularly in the realms of sustainable energy and environmental remediation. Here, Zn-doped NiO nanoparticles with different mole percentages of zinc ingredients are produced and analyzed. Synthesized Zn-doped NiO nanoparticles [...] Read more.
The study aims to contribute valuable insights into the potential applications of the photocatalyst, particularly in the realms of sustainable energy and environmental remediation. Here, Zn-doped NiO nanoparticles with different mole percentages of zinc ingredients are produced and analyzed. Synthesized Zn-doped NiO nanoparticles were evaluated structurally, optically, morphologically, elementally, and photocatalytically. According to X-ray diffraction analysis, cubic NiO and hexagonal Zn-doped cubic NiO nanoparticles were formed, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed metal dopants and metal-oxygen stretching, as well as Zn substitution and stabilization. A UV analysis revealed that zinc dopants reduced visible light absorption and bandgap. A decrease in bandgap indicates the importance of zinc incorporation and its interface with NiO. Electron scanning microscopy and transmission electron microscopy confirmed that the nanoparticles exhibited quasi-spherical morphologies and contained Ni, Zn, and O elements. Photocatalytic activity of the synthesized Zn-doped NiO nanoparticles increased with increasing Zn content, achieving a maximum at 8% Zn doping into NiO lattices of 92%. Through XPS analysis, the valencies of Zn, Ni, and O elements are demonstrated, as well as electron movements and bonding between the atoms. The zinc dopants on the metal oxide surface led to charge separation and radical reactions, resulting in enhanced degradation of phorate, salbutamol, and rhoda mine B activities. Hence, Zn-doped NiO nanoparticles are proposed as effective photocatalysts for environmental remediation. The findings are expected to have implications for advancing the field of photocatalysis and addressing challenges related to pollution and energy sustainability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water Treatment and Biopharmaceuticals – Research and Innovations)
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18 pages, 6778 KiB  
Article
UV-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Dye Degradation and Antibacterial Potentials of Biosynthesized SiO2 Nanoparticles
by Parvathiraja Chelliah, Jeetendra Kumar Gupta, Saikh Mohammad Wabaidur, Masoom Raza Siddiqui, Siaw Foon Lee and Wen-Cheng Lai
Water 2023, 15(16), 2973; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15162973 - 18 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1580
Abstract
The present work shows the obtainment of biosynthesized SiO2 with the aid of Jasminum grandiflorum plant extract and the study of its photocatalytic ability in dye degradation and antibacterial activity. The obtained biosynthesized SiO2 nanoparticles were characterized using X-ray diffractometer analysis, [...] Read more.
The present work shows the obtainment of biosynthesized SiO2 with the aid of Jasminum grandiflorum plant extract and the study of its photocatalytic ability in dye degradation and antibacterial activity. The obtained biosynthesized SiO2 nanoparticles were characterized using X-ray diffractometer analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscope with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The UV-light irradiated photocatalytic activity of the biosynthesized SiO2 nanoparticles was examined using methylene blue dye solution. Its reusability efficiency was determined over 20 cycles and compared with the commercial P-25 titanium dioxide. The bacterial resistivity of the biosynthesized SiO2 nanoparticles was examined using S. aureus and E. coli. The biosynthesized SiO2 nanoparticles showed a high level of crystallinity with no impurities, and they had an optimum crystallite size of 23 nm, a bandgap of 4 eV, no Si-OH groups and quasi-spherical shapes with Si-2p at 104 eV and O-1s at 533 eV. Their photocatalytic activity on methylene blue dye solution could reach 90% degradation after 40 min of UV light exposure, and their reusability efficiency was only 4% less than that of commercial P-25 titanium dioxide. At the concentration of 100 μg/mL, the biosynthesized SiO2 nanoparticles could allow the resistivity of E. coli to become borderline to the resistant range of an antibiotic called Amikacin. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water Treatment and Biopharmaceuticals – Research and Innovations)
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17 pages, 6725 KiB  
Article
Antibacterial and Photocatalytic Dye Degradation Activities of Green Synthesized NiSe Nanoparticles from Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Leaf Extract
by Lakshmi Velayutham, C. Parvathiraja, Dhivya Christo Anitha, K. Mahalakshmi, Mary Jenila, Jeetendra Kumar Gupta, Saikh Mohammad Wabaidur, Masoom Raza Siddiqui, Sikandar Aftab and Wen-Cheng Lai
Water 2023, 15(7), 1380; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15071380 - 03 Apr 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3027
Abstract
Ecosystems worldwide face a serious and life-threatening water crisis due to water contamination. Nanotechnology offers a promising solution to this issue by providing methods for removing pollutants from aquatic sources. In this study, we utilized a green and simple approach to biosynthesize NiSe [...] Read more.
Ecosystems worldwide face a serious and life-threatening water crisis due to water contamination. Nanotechnology offers a promising solution to this issue by providing methods for removing pollutants from aquatic sources. In this study, we utilized a green and simple approach to biosynthesize NiSe NPs using Hibiscus rosa-sinensis extract as the bio-source. The plant extract acts as a reducing, stabilizing, and capping agent in the synthesis process. A simple hydrothermal method was employed to blend the NiSe NPs photocatalysts. UV-Visible DRS spectroscopy was utilized to confirm the reduction in and stabilization of Ni2+ and Se2− ions. The resulting NiSe NPs have a bandgap of 1.74 eV, which facilitates electron and hole production on their surfaces. To characterize the functional groups on the NiSe NPs and their surface interactions with bio-compounds, FTIR spectroscopy was utilized. XRD analysis revealed the crystallite size of the NiSe NPs to be 24 nm, while FE-SEM and TEM imaging showed their spherical shape and material distribution. EDX spectroscopy confirmed the integrity of the NiSe NPs’ material. XPS analysis provided information on the chemical composition, nickel and selenium valency, and their interface. The efficacy of the NiSe NPs as a blended photocatalyst in photodegrading Methylene Blue (MB) dye was tested under visible light, resulting in 92% degradation. Furthermore, the NiSe NPs exhibited bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria due to their advanced oxidation and reduction in charge particles, which increased the degradation efficiency and suppressed cell proliferation. Based on the obtained findings, the NiSe NPs show promise as a powerful agent for water remediation and microbial resistance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water Treatment and Biopharmaceuticals – Research and Innovations)
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16 pages, 2807 KiB  
Article
Green Synthesis and Characterizations of Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Coherent Photocatalytic and Antibacterial Investigations
by Parvathiraja Chelliah, Saikh Mohammad Wabaidur, Hari Prapan Sharma, Muhsin J. Jweeg, Hasan Sh. Majdi, Munthir Mohammed Radhy AL. Kubaisy, Amjad Iqbal and Wen-Cheng Lai
Water 2023, 15(5), 910; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15050910 - 27 Feb 2023
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 6695
Abstract
Water pollution is a serious concern for developing and undeveloped countries. Photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants is an effective degradation method to restrain the green ecosystem. This research article presents a green, low-cost, and benevolent eco-friendly biosynthesis of cobalt oxide (Co3O [...] Read more.
Water pollution is a serious concern for developing and undeveloped countries. Photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants is an effective degradation method to restrain the green ecosystem. This research article presents a green, low-cost, and benevolent eco-friendly biosynthesis of cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanoparticles using Curcuma longa plant extract. The UV and visible region absorbance of Co3O4 nanoparticles estimated the Co2+ and Co3+ transitions on the lattice oxygen, and their bandgap of 2.2 eV was confirmed from the UV-DRS spectroscopy. The cubic structure and spherical shape of Co3O4 nanoparticles were estimated by using XRD and TEM characterizations. Plant molecules aggregation and their agglomerations on the nanoparticles were established from FTIR and EDX spectroscopy. Multiple cobalt valences on the oxygen surfaces and their reaction, bonding, and binding energies were analyzed from XPS measurements. The biogenic Co3O4 nanoparticles were executed against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus—S. aureus) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli—E. coli) bacteria. A gram-positive bacterial strain exhibited great resistivity on Co3O4 nanoparticles. Degradation of organic dye pollutants on the Co3O4 nanoparticles was performed against methylene blue (MB) dye under the conditions of visible light irradiation. Dye degradation efficiency pseudo-first-order kinetics on the pseudo-first-order kinetics denotes the rate of degradation over the MB dye. This research work achieved enhanced degradation potency against toxic organic dye and their radicals are excited from visible light irradiations. Absorption light and charged particle recombinations are reformed and provoked by the plant extract bio-molecules. In this process, there is no inferior yield development, and electrons are robustly stimulated. Furthermore, the biosynthesized Co3O4 nanoparticles determined the potency of bacterial susceptibility and catalytic efficacy over the industrial dye pollutants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water Treatment and Biopharmaceuticals – Research and Innovations)
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