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Winter Hydrology and Its Critical Role in Water Resources Under Climate Change

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Hydrology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2027 | Viewed by 92

Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Geosciences, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
Interests: cold region hydrology; glacier model; hydrological model; hydrological extremes; glacio-hydrology; remote sensing
Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Lanzhou, China
Interests: glaciology; climate change; physical geography; remote sensing

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Winter hydrology is critical because it determines how winter precipitation is stored, transformed, and released as usable water for the rest of the year in cold, snow-dominated regions. Seasonal snowpack and frozen soils shape the partitioning of water into surface runoff, groundwater recharge, and baseflow, directly influencing water availability. As the climate warms, less precipitation falls as snow, snowpacks shrink, and snow melts earlier, shifting runoff from summer to winter and early spring. This threatens water security for hundreds of millions of people worldwide, reduces the predictable, buffering role of snow, and causes streamflow to more closely follow individual storms, increasing risks of both winter floods and summer droughts. In many cold and mountain regions where snowmelt contributes significantly to annual runoff, these changes demand major adaptations in water management to sustain drinking water, irrigation, ecosystems, and hydropower under climate change.

This Special Issue, “Winter Hydrology and Its Critical Role in Water Resources Under Climate Change,” aims to bring together new observations, modeling advances, and interdisciplinary assessments that improve understanding of winter water dynamics and their implications for water security. We welcome contributions addressing snow accumulation and melt, permafrost processes, glacier and mountain hydrology, groundwater–surface water interactions, hydrochemical and isotope tracing, extreme events and flood risk, and water resource management under a changing climate. Studies combining field monitoring, remote sensing, laboratory experiments, numerical modeling, data assimilation, and decision-support frameworks are especially encouraged. The issue seeks to inform adaptation strategies for sustainable water allocation, hazard mitigation, and ecosystem protection in a warming world.

Dr. Jingheng Huang
Dr. Chunhai Xu
Guest Editors

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • winter hydrology
  • climate change
  • groundwater recharge
  • snowmelt
  • frozen soil
  • permafrost
  • groundwater–surface water interactions
  • winter baseflow
  • water resources
  • hydrological extremes

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

22 pages, 6240 KB  
Article
Reassessing Future Runoff Changes in the Ala-Archa Basin, Central Asia
by Fanchong Meng, Esenaman uulu Muhammed, Olga U. Kalashnikova, Feiteng Wang, Chunhai Xu and Zhu Liu
Water 2026, 18(16), 2016; https://doi.org/10.3390/w18162016 - 18 Aug 2026
Abstract
Central Asia is a global climate-change hotspot where future water availability remains uncertain, as hydrological forcing data are ambiguous and observations provide limited constraints on model parameters. We reassessed future runoff changes in the glacierized Ala-Archa basin by reducing model equifinality with a [...] Read more.
Central Asia is a global climate-change hotspot where future water availability remains uncertain, as hydrological forcing data are ambiguous and observations provide limited constraints on model parameters. We reassessed future runoff changes in the glacierized Ala-Archa basin by reducing model equifinality with a multi-objective calibration strategy that explicitly incorporates winter low-flow runoff, total runoff, snow cover fraction, and glacier mass balance. The calibrated model was used to project annual and seasonal river discharge under four Shared Socioeconomic Pathways. Results indicate a transition from a nival–glacial to a more pluvial-driven runoff regime. Rising temperatures advance the melt season, increase the proportion of liquid precipitation, and shift peak runoff from July to June. Although glacier and snowmelt contributions decline substantially as cryospheric storage shrinks, total annual runoff decreases only modestly by the late 21st century. This muted annual response reflects compensating effects from increased rainfall and a sustained rise in summer baseflow. Improved low-flow calibration suggests that increased groundwater recharge can partly offset meltwater losses, leading to a less severe summer discharge reduction than previously reported. Neglecting low-flow constraints may therefore overestimate future water scarcity in glacier-fed catchments. Full article
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