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Saline Water and Brine Geochemistry
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Saline Water and Brine Geochemistry

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Water Quality and Contamination".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 September 2024) | Viewed by 2223

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Chenglin Liu

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Guest Editor
School of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
Interests: salt lake; brine geochemistry; lithium and potash resource exploration; paleoclimate and quaternary geology
Dr. Hua Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, China
Interests: salt lake; evaporite rock; saline water; brine resouce; water-rock interaction
Prof. Dr. Qishun Fan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Qinghai Institute of Salt Lake, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
Interests: brine and evaporite deposits; isotopic geochemistry

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Saline water and brines are distributed broadly in salt lakes, sedimentary basins, and other places in the continents worldwide, containing plenty of critical metals and chemical materials, such as Li, K, B, Br, I, etc., which are important natural resources for the sustainable development of human industry and agriculture. The formation of saline water and brines is constrained by many factors, including dry climates, water sources, background geochemistry, and tectonic as well as even volcano and magma activities. In order to explore and exploit brine resources effectively, it is significant to carry out deeper research on the distribution regularity and forming mechanisms of saline water and brine on the continents worldwide, which also offer up-to-date knowledge of brine resources to local governments and communities for their economic and social development. The themes of this Special Issue include, and are not limited to, salt lakes, brackish water lakes, underground saline water, basinal deep brine, oilfield water, resources of brine, etc.

Prof. Dr. Chenglin Liu
Dr. Hua Zhang
Prof. Dr. Qishun Fan
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • salt lake
  • saline water
  • brine
  • oilfield water
  • aquatic geochemistry
  • brine K and Li resources

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 8835 KiB  
Article
Origin of Intercrystalline Brine Formation in the Balun Mahai Basin, Qaidam: Constraints from Geochemistry and H-O-Sr Isotopes
by Ning Feng, Xiwei Qin, Yuliang Ma, Tong Pan, Jianzhou Chen, Chengwang Ding, Ziwen Jiang, Dong Zhang, Chenglin Liu, Qingkuan Li, Erfeng Ren and Fan Zhang
Water 2024, 16(22), 3286; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16223286 - 15 Nov 2024
Viewed by 977
Abstract
The Balun Mahai Basin (BLMH), located in the northern Qaidam Basin (QB), is endowed with substantial brine resources; however, the genetic mechanisms and potential of these brine resources remain inadequately understood. This study investigated the intercrystalline brine (inter-brine) in BLMH, performing a comprehensive [...] Read more.
The Balun Mahai Basin (BLMH), located in the northern Qaidam Basin (QB), is endowed with substantial brine resources; however, the genetic mechanisms and potential of these brine resources remain inadequately understood. This study investigated the intercrystalline brine (inter-brine) in BLMH, performing a comprehensive geochemical analysis of elemental compositions and H-O-Sr isotopes. It evaluated the water source, solute origin, evolutionary process, and genetic model associated with this brine. Moreover, a mass balance equation based on the 87Sr/86Sr isotopic ratio was developed to quantitatively evaluate the contributions of Ca-Cl water and river water to the inter-brine in the study area. The results suggest that the hydrochemical type of inter-brine in the north part of BLMH is Cl-SO4-type and in the south part is Ca-Cl-type. The solutes in brine are mainly derived from the dissolution of minerals such as halite, sylvite, and gypsum. The hydrochemical process of brine is controlled by evaporation concentration, water–rock interaction, and ion exchange interaction. Hydrogen and oxygen isotopes suggest that the inter-brine originates from atmospheric precipitation or ice melt water and has experienced intense evaporation concentration and water–rock interaction. The strontium isotopes suggest that the inter-brine was affected by the recharge and mixing of Ca-Cl water and river water, which controlled the spatial distribution and formation of brine hydrochemical types. The analysis of ionic ratios suggest that the inter-brine is derived from salt dissolution and filtration, characterized by poor sealing and short sealing time in the salt-bearing formation. The differences in hydrochemical types and spatial distribution between the north and the south are fundamentally related to the replenishment and mixing of these two sources, which can be summarized as mixed origin model of “dissolution and filtration replenishment + deep replenishment” in BLMH. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Saline Water and Brine Geochemistry)
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13 pages, 7492 KiB  
Article
Source and Origin of Subsurface Brine of the Kongquehe Sag Area in Western Lop Nur, China
by Lei Jiang, Ying Wang, Shuai Guo, Liang He, Xize Zeng, Feng Han, Zhen Yang and Bo Zu
Water 2024, 16(19), 2709; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16192709 - 24 Sep 2024
Viewed by 780
Abstract
The Kongquehe Sag, located in the western Lop Nur, has abundant pore subsurface brine. In order to study the source and origin, we tested and analyzed the hydrochemical composition and stable isotopes of the subsurface brine. The findings reveal that the brine exhibits [...] Read more.
The Kongquehe Sag, located in the western Lop Nur, has abundant pore subsurface brine. In order to study the source and origin, we tested and analyzed the hydrochemical composition and stable isotopes of the subsurface brine. The findings reveal that the brine exhibits a moderate to low degree of mineralization, with values ranging from 50.50 g/L to 91.14 g/L. The stable isotope compositions of unconfined and confined waters are different, with the mean values of δD being −8.00‰ and −51.75‰ and the mean values of δ18O being 10.08‰ and −6.01‰. These values are indicative of an intense evaporative environment prevalent in the Kongquehe Sag area. Furthermore, the 87Sr/86Sr ratios vary between 0.710642 and 0.710837, and δ34S values range from 9.2 to 10.7. These data suggest the long-term evolution of sulfur substances, predominantly through dissolution and sedimentation processes, with minimal influence from redox reactions. The data garnered from this research not only offer a novel perspective of the insights gained into the hydrochemical characteristics and the stable isotope signatures of the brines in the Kongquehe Sag area but also enriches the theoretical framework concerning the source and origin of subsurface brines, potentially informing future exploration strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Saline Water and Brine Geochemistry)
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