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Major Water Conservancy and Hydropower Project Hub Layout and Hydraulic Innovation Technology

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Hydraulics and Hydrodynamics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2025 | Viewed by 1396

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Shiqiang Wu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
Interests: engineering hydraulics; hydraulic safety monitoring and assessment; interconnected river system network; urban water environment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Fangfang Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, China
2. KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
Interests: hydraulic modeling; computational fluid dynamics; high-speed flow; energy dissi-pation; flow aeration; engineering damage; hydraulic safety assessment
Dr. Ang Gao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
Interests: hydrodynamics of lakes; coastal and offshore engineering; engineering hydraulics; thermal water transport and diffusion; application of image recognition in hydraulics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Shicheng Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
Interests: hydraulics; two-phase flow; hydraulic structure; computational fluid dynamics; machine learning

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, the scale and construction difficulty of high dams and large reservoirs has gradually increased, presenting numerous challenges to the layout of engineering hubs and hydraulic safety. Most high dams are made of local materials, with harsh geological conditions, large discharge flow rates of spillway structures, and high water heads. They generally face problems such as flow energy dissipation, flow aeration, ventilation and air supply, flood discharge atomization, and site vibration. With the gradual shift in hydropower development to high-altitude areas and the increasing requirements for emergency measures of projects, higher demands have been placed on aspects such as the impact of low-pressure environments, deep rapid drainage facilities for reservoirs, emergency responses to extreme accidents, disaster reduction and loss mitigation, and benefit improvement. Therefore, this Special Issue will focus on the layout challenges and hydraulic innovation technologies of high dams and large reservoirs. We sincerely invite you to contribute to this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Shiqiang Wu
Dr. Fangfang Wang
Dr. Ang Gao
Dr. Shicheng Li
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • high dams
  • large reservoirs
  • engineering hydraulic safety
  • high-speed flow
  • safety assessments
  • new technologies
  • deep drainage
  • two-phase flow

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 5603 KiB  
Article
Quantitative Assessment of Local Siltation Dynamics in Multi-Anabranching River System: Case Studies of Representative Port in the Lower Yangtze River and Engineering Interventions
by Ke Zheng, Yuncheng Wen, Fanyi Zhang, Xiaojun Wang, Mingyan Xia, Zelin Cheng and Yongjun Zhou
Water 2025, 17(13), 1860; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17131860 - 23 Jun 2025
Viewed by 254
Abstract
The Ma’anshan section of the lower Yangtze River features a complex multi-anabranching system, where the river divides into several branches around mid-channel sandbars, with distinct point bars alternately developing along both banks. Within this morphologically active system, Zhengpu Harbor suffered severe operational disruptions [...] Read more.
The Ma’anshan section of the lower Yangtze River features a complex multi-anabranching system, where the river divides into several branches around mid-channel sandbars, with distinct point bars alternately developing along both banks. Within this morphologically active system, Zhengpu Harbor suffered severe operational disruptions by accelerated siltation at its approach channel, primarily due to its vulnerable location downstream of the expanding Niutun River point-bar on the left bank. To systematically diagnose the mechanisms of siltation, this study integrates multi-method investigations: decadal-scale morphodynamic analysis using long-term bathymetric surveys, numerical modeling to quantify engineering impacts on flow dynamics, and multiple linear regression analysis for the contributions of key influencing factors. The result identifies three primary drivers of siltation, collectively responsible for 70% of the sediment accumulation, including the rightward shift of the thalweg in the Ma’anshan left branch, reduced flow diversion of the left Branch of Central bar, and the expansion of the Niutun River point bar. River engineering structures, such as bridges, contribute approximately 12%, while changes in upstream flow-sediment supply account for approximately 18%. To mitigate siltation at Zhengpu Harbor’s approach channel, this study proposes targeted engineering interventions to enhance local hydrodynamic conditions. The spur dikes were designed to enhance the morphological stabilization of the Central bar head to regulate flow distribution. A diversion channel could also be excavated at the tail of the Niutun River shoal, and emergency dredging was recommended at the harbor front. Numerical modeling indicates that these measures will increase flow velocity by over 0.1 m/s at the harbor front, mitigating the siltation situation. The study concludes that the proposed engineering measures can reduce annual siltation by approximately 30% under normal-year hydrological conditions, demonstrating their feasibility in mitigating siltation trends in multi-anabranching river systems. This research provides a reference for addressing siltation issues in harbors within complex anabranching river systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Major Water Conservancy and Hydropower Project Hub Layout and Hydraulic Innovation Technology)
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22 pages, 7004 KiB  
Article
Insights into the Hydraulic Characteristics of Critical A-Jumps for Energy Dissipator Design
by Lei Jiang, Yao Deng, Yangrong Liu, Lindong Fang and Xiafei Guan
Water 2025, 17(7), 960; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17070960 - 25 Mar 2025
Viewed by 851
Abstract
Hydraulic jumps are widely used to dissipate excess energy in civil, ocean, and hydro-power engineering, particularly in high dams with large reservoirs. Different inflow and tailwater conditions lead to the occurrence of various types of hydraulic jumps. Among them, A-jumps are often preferred [...] Read more.
Hydraulic jumps are widely used to dissipate excess energy in civil, ocean, and hydro-power engineering, particularly in high dams with large reservoirs. Different inflow and tailwater conditions lead to the occurrence of various types of hydraulic jumps. Among them, A-jumps are often preferred for stilling basin design, due to their high energy dissipation efficiency and favorable outflow patterns. This study numerically investigated the hydraulic characteristics of 75 critical A-jumps by adjusting tailwater levels, considering varying inflow conditions (flow depth, velocity, discharge, and Froude number) and stilling basin parameters (negative step height and incident angle), covering key parameter ranges from existing practical applications in high dam projects. Based on theoretical analysis and numerical simulations, estimation methods are proposed for the key hydraulic parameters of A-jumps, including the sequent depth ratio, roller length, reattachment length, and energy dissipation rate. A correction for the sequent depth ratio, incorporating the influence of the incident angle, is proposed for the first time. These estimation methods offer valuable insights for designing and optimizing negative step stilling basins in various practical engineering scenarios. To validate their applicability, a case study was conducted, showcasing the superior energy dissipation and stable outflow performance of the designed stilling basin, with the basin length shortened by 1.8% and the near-bottom velocity reduced by 42.4%, based on the proposed estimations, compared to the classical stilling basin. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Major Water Conservancy and Hydropower Project Hub Layout and Hydraulic Innovation Technology)
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