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Energy and Water Sustainability: Energy Supplies in Water Exploration, Production...
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Energy and Water Sustainability: Energy Supplies in Water Exploration, Production and Delivery

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Water Resources Management, Policy and Governance".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 May 2018) | Viewed by 11351

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Ashlynn Stillwell

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
2521 Hydrosystems Lab Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 205 N. Mathews Urbana Illinois 61801 IL, USA
Interests: water policy; urban water; power generation; energy–water nexus; green stormwater infrastructure
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Energy plays a critical role in the sustainability of drinking water, stormwater, and wastewater, such that water management approaches can translate to energy sustainability measures. All aspects of the human water system require energy: For collecting and conveying raw water, treating and distributing drinking water, heating water in the built environment, treating wastewater, managing stormwater, and reusing water. While quantifying the energy associated with water systems has advanced significantly in recent years, many water and energy sustainability questions remain unanswered. Increasing water needs for growing populations is likely to exacerbate energy challenges, such that innovative technology and policy approaches are needed to advance toward sustainability goals. This Special Issue welcomes papers investigating energy sustainability in water systems at various scales, including urban and rural water systems, innovative treatment operations, decentralized treatment and reuse systems, nature-based water management, policy approaches, and other aspects of the water–energy nexus. 

Prof. Dr. Ashlynn S. Stillwell
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • water resources

  • water policy

  • water-energy nexus

  • water treatment

  • urban water

  • decentralized treatment

  • water sustainability

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 2358 KiB  
Article
Nutrient Reduction in Agricultural Green Infrastructure: An Analysis of the Raccoon River Watershed
by James F. Canning and Ashlynn S. Stillwell
Water 2018, 10(6), 749; https://doi.org/10.3390/w10060749 - 8 Jun 2018
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 6982
Abstract
Agricultural intensification has had the undesirable effect of degrading water quality throughout the United States. Nitrate pollution presents a difficult problem for rural and urban communities, and it contributes to the immense Gulf of Mexico Hypoxia Zone. Current U.S. policy prohibits regulation of [...] Read more.
Agricultural intensification has had the undesirable effect of degrading water quality throughout the United States. Nitrate pollution presents a difficult problem for rural and urban communities, and it contributes to the immense Gulf of Mexico Hypoxia Zone. Current U.S. policy prohibits regulation of agricultural runoff because it is a nonpoint source. The Raccoon River Watershed upstream of Des Moines, Iowa, USA has some of the highest nitrate levels in the nation, and the drinking water utility in Des Moines unsuccessfully pursued litigation against drainage districts in the watershed. We propose a cooperative solution between urban residents and upstream rural residents—namely, the installation of agricultural green infrastructure in the form of riparian buffers throughout the watershed enabled by the principles of water quality trading. We compare this distributed, green approach with a centralized, gray approach (i.e., building a new nitrate removal facility at the drinking water utility). Using terrain analysis, we determined that first-order streams are the most fitting location for riparian buffers. We estimate the buffer installation to cost between $155–$185 million; maintenance of the current nitrate removal facility will cost $72 million, while a new facility could cost up to $184 million. Riparian buffer installation offers more indirect, non-quantified benefits than maintaining or building new centralized, gray treatment (e.g., living-wage jobs and in-stream water quality improvement). Our analysis could act as a model for water quality trading and distributed agricultural green infrastructure in other communities facing similar water quality challenges. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy and Water Sustainability: Energy Supplies in Water Exploration, Production and Delivery)
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16 pages, 34697 KiB  
Article
Identification of Factors That Influence Energy Performance in Water Distribution System Mains
by Saeed Hashemi, Yves Filion and Vanessa Speight
Water 2018, 10(4), 428; https://doi.org/10.3390/w10040428 - 4 Apr 2018
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3867
Abstract
This paper aims at identifying paramount hydraulic factors in energy dynamics of water mains, using Principal Components Analysis (PCA). The proposed method is applied to two large ensembles of leaky and non-leaky pipes comprising over 40,000 pipes selected from 18 North American water [...] Read more.
This paper aims at identifying paramount hydraulic factors in energy dynamics of water mains, using Principal Components Analysis (PCA). The proposed method is applied to two large ensembles of leaky and non-leaky pipes comprising over 40,000 pipes selected from 18 North American water distribution systems to guarantee the versatility of pipe characteristics and statistical significance of the explored patterns. PCA mono-plots indicate energy metrics such as Net Energy Efficiency, Energy Lost to Friction and Energy Lost to Leakage serve better in identification of low from high efficiency pipes. In addition, PCA mono-plots and bi-plots reveal relative importance of hydraulic parameters and that average flow rate, hydraulic proximity to major components and average unit headloss can have more tangible effects on energy dynamics of pipes compared to leakage and average pressure. Some factors such as elevation, diameter and CHW are not as influential as expected in distinguishing high-efficiency from low-efficiency pipes. Further, a comparison between the approach used in this paper and a simplified common-practice replacement strategy points out the difference energy considerations can make, if included in a bigger asset management landscape. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy and Water Sustainability: Energy Supplies in Water Exploration, Production and Delivery)
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