Veterinary Sciences

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Dear Colleagues,

“We don't have to change what works” is a common phrase that is used worldwide, including by dedicated laboratory animal specialists. In reality, there are still so many opportunities for the refinement of medical interventions, applied tasks, and tests, such as anesthetic procedures, forced swim tests, open-field tasks, euthanasia, and maintaining one’s body temperature during anesthesia. As all drugs are administrated off-label, the refinement of their dosage, routes of administration, and frequency is an easy-to-think-of area of improvement that would not only help the one administering the injections but also the animals being injected. Examples of this are the use of long-acting antibiotics, analgesics, or NSAIDs. However, we often fear change because the outcomes are unknown, hence the need to help each other by publishing our findings.

This Special Issue addresses the need to strengthen the flow and exchange of information between veterinary sciences through the publication of new or refined medical interventions, applied tasks, and tests for laboratory animals. This Special Issue will stimulate collaboration between the people involved in taking care of laboratory animals.

Dr. Jaco Bakker
Dr. Melissa De la Garza
Guest Editors

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17 pages, 2598 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Use of Fermented Black Tea (Camellia sinensis) Factory Wastes in Standard Rat Diets

by Buğra Genç, Nilüfer Kuruca, Gül Fatma Yarım, Tolga Güvenç, Emre Özan, Bahadır Müftüoğlu, Tayfun İde, Aşkın Nur Derinöz Erdoğan and Serdar Odacı

Vet. Sci. 2025, 12(5), 451; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12050451 - 8 May 2025

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Abstract

Although there are studies on the use of different tea extracts in animal diets, there are no studies on the use of fermented black tea factory production waste (FTFW) in rodent diets. This study aims to evaluate the effects of FTFW, considered an environmentally hazardous waste, in standard rat diets regarding nutritional, histopathological, and biochemical parameters. In this study, 40 male Wistar albino rats (70 days old, with a live weight of 200–250 g) were divided into four groups, each containing 10 rats. They were fed standard rat diets for 63 days, with varying amounts (0%, 3%, 5%, and 10%) of tea production waste. At the end of the experiment, biochemical analysis of blood and histopathological analysis of all organs were performed. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of body weight, internal organ weights, or serum biochemical parameters (p > 0.05). No pathological findings were observed in any of the groups. The group receiving 10% tea waste, which had the highest total polyphenol level (1.42 ppm), also showed the highest serum total antioxidant status (TAS) (p < 0.05). In contrast, this group had the lowest total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) levels (p < 0.05). The study concluded that FTFW can be included in the pellet diet of rats without changing their general health status and that a potential environmental pollutant can be used in rat diets. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Medical Interventions in Laboratory Animals)

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11 pages, 3208 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Progressive Evaluation of Ischemic Occlusion in a Macaque Monkey with Sudden Exacerbation of Infarction During Acute Stroke: A Case Report

by Chun-Xia Li and Xiaodong Zhang

Vet. Sci. 2025, 12(3), 231; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12030231 - 3 Mar 2025

Viewed by 547

Abstract

Early neurological deterioration is associated with poor functional outcomes in stroke patients, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to understand the progression of stroke-related brain damage using a rhesus monkey model with ischemic occlusion. Multiparameter MRI was used to monitor the progressive evolution of the brain lesion following stroke. Resting-state functional MRI, dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion MRI, diffusion tensor imaging, and T1- and T2-weighted scans were acquired prior to surgery and at 4–6 h, 48 h, and 96 h following the stroke. The results revealed a sudden increase in infarction volume after the hyper-acute phase but before 48 h on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), with a slight extension by 96 h. Lower relative cerebral blood flow (CBF) and time to maximum (Tmax) prior to the stroke, along with a progressive decrease post-stroke, were observed when compared to other stroke monkeys in the same cohort. Functional connectivity (FC) in the ipsilesional secondary somatosensory cortex (S2) and primary motor cortex (M1) exhibited an immediate decline on Day 0 compared to baseline and followed by a slight increase on Day 2 and a further decrease on Day 4. These findings provide valuable insights into infarction progression, emphasizing the critical role of collateral circulation and its impact on early neurological deterioration during acute stroke. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Medical Interventions in Laboratory Animals)

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