Viral Infections in Cattle: Diagnosis and Control

A special issue of Veterinary Sciences (ISSN 2306-7381). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Microbiology, Parasitology and Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 July 2026 | Viewed by 1602

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, Anthony Hall, 474 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
Interests: Mycobacterium paratuberculosis; bovine leukemia virus

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Viral diseases remain a major challenge to cattle health and productivity worldwide, leading to substantial economic losses and posing significant risks to animal welfare and global food security. Despite advances in veterinary science, the epidemiology, diagnosis, and control of many viral pathogens continue to evolve, driven by changes in farming systems, climate, and animal movement patterns.

This Special Issue aims to provide a comprehensive platform for recent research on familiar and emerging viral infections affecting cattle. We welcome high-quality research articles and reviews that focus on pathogen detection and characterization, innovative diagnostic approaches, molecular epidemiology, host–virus interactions, vaccine development, antiviral strategies, and integrated control programs.

By bringing together interdisciplinary research, this Special Issue seeks to enhance scientific knowledge and support the development of effective, sustainable measures for preventing and managing viral diseases in cattle populations. Contributions from both experimental and field-based studies are strongly encouraged.

Prof. Dr. Paul M. Coussens
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • cattle
  • viral pathogens
  • molecular diagnostics
  • epidemiology of viral diseases
  • vaccine development
  • control strategies
  • immune responses to viral pathogens

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

28 pages, 1514 KB  
Review
Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus and Vaccine Protection Strategies
by Xinyao Hu, Jing Huang, Yafei Cai, Wei Zhang and Yun Cheng
Vet. Sci. 2026, 13(2), 180; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci13020180 - 11 Feb 2026
Viewed by 1350
Abstract
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a critical pathogen affecting the global cattle industry, causing severe economic losses primarily through persistent infection, immunosuppression, and reproductive failure. The virus exhibits substantial genetic diversity, with marked geographic variation in circulating subtypes, which complicates effective disease [...] Read more.
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a critical pathogen affecting the global cattle industry, causing severe economic losses primarily through persistent infection, immunosuppression, and reproductive failure. The virus exhibits substantial genetic diversity, with marked geographic variation in circulating subtypes, which complicates effective disease control. BVDV evades host immune responses by suppressing type I interferon signaling, impairing neutrophil function, and reprogramming host cellular metabolism, ultimately leading to the generation of persistently infected (PI) animals that serve as the principal reservoir for viral transmission. Current prevention and control strategies rely mainly on the identification and elimination of PI animals in combination with vaccination. However, conventional vaccines, including inactivated vaccines (IVs) and modified live vaccines (MLVs), have notable limitations, such as suboptimal subtype matching, interference by maternal antibodies, and safety concerns associated with MLV use in pregnant cattle. Emerging vaccine platforms, including mRNA vaccines, subunit vaccines, and multi-epitope vaccines, offer promising alternatives owing to their improved safety profiles, rapid design and production, and potential to elicit broad and robust immune responses. Future BVDV vaccine development should integrate artificial intelligence-driven design strategies with high-throughput sequencing and molecular epidemiological surveillance to enable the rational development of multivalent and multi-epitope vaccines. In addition, coordinated implementation of strain monitoring, PI animal clearance, and enhanced biosecurity practices will be essential for establishing a comprehensive and sustainable BVDV prevention and control framework. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Viral Infections in Cattle: Diagnosis and Control)
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