The Behavior, Management, and Welfare of Horses

A special issue of Veterinary Sciences (ISSN 2306-7381). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Education, Veterinary Communication and Animal Behavior".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 June 2026 | Viewed by 1847

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Equine Behaviour Consultant, Safer Horses, Heathcote, Victoria 3523, Australia
Interests: equine learning; equine equipment; equine training; horse learning; horse riding; equine exercise physiology; equine behavior; horse safety; equine safety; equine neuropharmacology

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Guest Editor
1. Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
2. Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia
Interests: animal behavior; animal welfare; animal transportation; equine internal; sports medicine

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Horses occupy a distinctive place in human societies worldwide. They are companions, athletes, and working partners, making the study of their behavior, management, and welfare both scientifically vital and socially urgent. From environmental impact to social license, growing public scrutiny demands evidence-based practices that support both human and equine welfare.

Rapidly developing technologies—such as big data analytics, genomics, and artificial intelligence—are transforming equine health, reproduction, and management. These advances, together with welfare standards that emphasize positive affective states and safer human–horse interactions, are revolutionizing equine welfare.

This Special Issue of Veterinary Sciences, “The Behavior, Management, and Welfare of Horses,” provides a platform to explore these issues through a welfare-focused lens. We invite contributions addressing equine well-being across all contexts—from working equids in low- and middle-income countries to horses at the pinnacle of sport and racing.

We welcome original research, reviews, and case studies on topics including, but not limited to, the following:

  • Housing, husbandry, and social management: stabling, turnout, group dynamics, and human–animal interactions, including handler and rider safety.
  • Nutrition and feeding strategies: balancing physiological needs, behavioral well-being, and environmental sustainability.
  • Welfare assessment and monitoring: innovations for detecting stress, pain, and affective states, including AI, facial recognition, and wearable sensors.
  • Training, performance, and ethics: welfare implications of equestrian and racing practices, with attention to public perception and safe, effective handling/training protocols.
  • Working equids and global perspectives: welfare challenges in diverse cultural and socioeconomic contexts.
  • Technological and genetic frontiers: applications of genomics, precision monitoring, and emerging technologies.
  • Environmental sustainability: assessing the ecological footprint of equine management and industry practices.
  • Societal dimensions: ethics, public opinion, and the role of social license in equine-related activities.

A key aim of this Special Issue is to bridge scientific evidence with real-world application. Interdisciplinary approaches combining veterinary science, behavior, management, genetics, environmental science, and social sciences are encouraged. Submissions highlighting innovative solutions, sustainable strategies, and translational frameworks that support equine welfare, environmental sustainability, and human safety will be particularly valued.

By integrating diverse perspectives and future-oriented challenges, this Special Issue seeks to advance a holistic understanding of equine welfare. Our goal is to promote evidence-based, innovative, and sustainable approaches that safeguard equine welfare and human safety in a changing world.

We invite you to contribute your research and help shape the future of equine behavior, management, and welfare science.

Dr. Lesley A. Hawson
Dr. Barbara Padalino
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Veterinary Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2100 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • equine behavior
  • equine welfare
  • management practices
  • nutrition and feeding management
  • stress and pain assessment
  • sport and working horses
  • artificial intelligence
  • genomics
  • environmental sustainability
  • human–horse safety

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 343 KB  
Communication
Finishing Performance, Meat Quality, and Economic Efficiency of Retired Thoroughbred Versus Belgian-Cross Geldings Under an Identical Total Mixed Ration: A Pilot Study
by Chanwool Park, Chansung Jeong, Miyeon Son and Junkoo Yi
Vet. Sci. 2026, 13(3), 280; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci13030280 - 18 Mar 2026
Viewed by 303
Abstract
This study evaluated a 181-day finishing system for horses entering the Korean meat chain by comparing retired thoroughbred geldings and Belgian-crossbred geldings under identical management and an ad libitum forage-based total mixed ration. Ten geldings (n = 5 per group) were individually [...] Read more.
This study evaluated a 181-day finishing system for horses entering the Korean meat chain by comparing retired thoroughbred geldings and Belgian-crossbred geldings under identical management and an ad libitum forage-based total mixed ration. Ten geldings (n = 5 per group) were individually housed, with body weight and feed intake recorded monthly. After slaughter, carcass traits and meat quality grade were assessed, and longissimus thoracis et lumborum samples were analyzed for proximate composition. Belgian-crossbreds consumed more dry matter (18.68 vs. 13.60 kg DM/day), corresponding to 2.3% vs. 2.4% of body weight, but showed markedly greater growth (average daily gain 1.063 vs. 0.290 kg/day) and higher gain-to-feed (0.059 vs. 0.024) than retired Thoroughbreds. Carcass weight and marbling-related traits favored Belgian-crossbreds, including higher intramuscular fat in longissimus thoracis et lumborum (9.15% vs. 3.22%). Despite higher total feed cost per head, the economic feed conversion ratio was substantially lower in Belgian-crossbreds (13,133 vs. 35,088 KRW/kg gain), resulting in a positive gross margin estimate, whereas retired Thoroughbreds showed a negative margin under the same system. These results suggest that meat-type horses may be better suited to short, intensive finishing, while alternative utilization or tailored finishing strategies may be needed for retired racehorses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Behavior, Management, and Welfare of Horses)
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14 pages, 795 KB  
Article
Assessment of the Welfare of Working Horses: Combining Clinical Evaluations with Indirect Indicators
by Abdallah A. Basher, Abdelkareem A. Ahmed, Davies M. Pfukenyi, Hao-Yu Liu, Mohamed Osman Abdalrahem Essa, Hosameldeen Mohamed Husien, Ahmed A. Saleh, Saber Y. Adam and Demin Cai
Vet. Sci. 2026, 13(3), 274; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci13030274 - 16 Mar 2026
Viewed by 514
Abstract
Assessing the welfare of the working horses is crucial for identifying health and management issues and implementing effective solutions. This study evaluated the welfare of working horses in South Darfur, Sudan, by integrating clinical examination with indirect indicators through owner interviews. A total [...] Read more.
Assessing the welfare of the working horses is crucial for identifying health and management issues and implementing effective solutions. This study evaluated the welfare of working horses in South Darfur, Sudan, by integrating clinical examination with indirect indicators through owner interviews. A total of 400 horse–owner pairs were included. Most horses (61.7%) worked every day, and 77% of owners reported using whips to encourage movement. Clinical assessment revealed that 29.0% of horses were thin, over half had dirty coats, 50.5% harbored external parasites, 43% had abnormal discharges, 25.0% showed poor hoof health, and many exhibited gait abnormalities. Behavioral assessments indicated that fewer than 40% of horses displayed alert attitudes, while over half responded indifferently to stimuli. Horses working daily tended to be thin, have skin lesions, and show gait problems, reflecting poor welfare. Horses with better attitude responses were more frequently fed and worked fewer days per week. Overall, the findings highlight poor physical, behavioral, and management conditions among working horses, emphasizing the urgent need for owner education, training programs, and further research to improve their welfare in the study area. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Behavior, Management, and Welfare of Horses)
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