Cosmological Models of the Universe

Dear Colleagues,

Cosmological models are described by mathematical formulas that attempt to explain the current behavior and evolution of the universe over time. They are based on observations making predictions that can be effective by resultant investigations and rely on general relativity because that theory describes the best way that the large-scale behavior of spacetime can be observed. Cosmological models extend the form of general relativity through various methods, leading to different field equations and thus to different cosmological implications. They play an essential role and contribute to modern cosmology, providing a foundation for the current understanding of the physical phenomena of the universe. A fundamental category of cosmological models is inflationary models which provide potential solutions to the fundamental problems of standard cosmological models on Big Bang cosmology, i.e., the Flatness and Horizon problem. Additionally, these models sufficiently describe energy density fluctuation mechanisms that investigate the large-scale structure of the universe. The measurement of CMB polarization and its anisotropies has a great significance to early universe physics, and the mechanisms of matter creation generate primordial metric fluctuations that affect the geometry of the universe (e.g., inflationary models). The abovementioned cosmological model provides observational tests which explain the origin of light and the existence of the cosmic microwave background and establishes the fact that the universe has a thermal history. On the other hand, the study of the large-scale structure of the universe and observational evidence demands the existence of dark matter and a nonzero cosmological constant; investigations in this direction introduce a model known as the ΛCDM model. As well, anisotropic cosmological models have been developed when the underline geometry of spacetime has a more generalized metric structure than the Riemannian one. Topics of interest for this Special Issue include, but are not limited to, the following: Standard cosmological models; Inflationary cosmological models; ΛCDM cosmological model; Anisotropic cosmological models; Finsler cosmology.

Prof. Dr. Panayiotis Stavrinos
Prof. Dr. Emmanuel N. Saridakis
Guest Editors

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