Finite and Continuous Symmetries in Quantum-Mechanical Theory

A special issue of Symmetry (ISSN 2073-8994). This special issue belongs to the section "Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 October 2025) | Viewed by 1032

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Independent Researcher, Silver Spring, MD 20904, USA
Interests: symmetry of molecular spectra; potential algebras; form-invariance of Sturm-Liouville equations; exceptional orthogonal polynomials; shape-invariant potentials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Starting from the celebrated works of Fock and Wigner on the symmetry of atomic and molecular spectra, the group theory played a crucial role in understanding degeneracies in energy lines and selection rules for transitions between energy levels. The Special Issue is designed to trace the modern developments stimulated by the aforementioned pioneering articles.

Papers that are submitted to this Special Issue are expected to cover nonoverlapping approaches using irreducible representations of finite and continuous groups for the symmetry analysis of quantum-mechanical systems. Authors are especially encouraged to submit articles dealing with the invariance of Hamiltonians of a free molecule (or a molecule rotating in a crystal field) under feasible permutation rotations and the related quantum-mechanical clustering of rovibrational energy levels.

Another broad topic covered by the issue is the application of Lie groups in quantum mechanics, including the use of potential algebras in the scattering theory, spectra-generating algebras, the algebraic treatment of shape-invariant potentials, and superintegrable systems in N-dimensional spaces.

Dr. Gregory Natanson
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Longuet-Higgins group
  • potential algebra
  • shape-invariant potentials
  • spectra-generating algebras
  • superintegrability
  • Lie algebras
  • representations of finite groups

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

27 pages, 443 KB  
Article
Systematic Search for Solvable Potentials from Biconfluent, Doubly Confluent, and Triconfluent Heun Equations
by Géza Lévai
Symmetry 2026, 18(1), 85; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym18010085 - 3 Jan 2026
Viewed by 454
Abstract
A transformation method was applied to the biconfluent (BHE), doubly confluent (DHE), and triconfluent (THE) Heun equations to generate and classify exactly solvable quantum mechanical potentials derived from them. With this, the range of potentials solvable in terms of the confluent hypergeometric function [...] Read more.
A transformation method was applied to the biconfluent (BHE), doubly confluent (DHE), and triconfluent (THE) Heun equations to generate and classify exactly solvable quantum mechanical potentials derived from them. With this, the range of potentials solvable in terms of the confluent hypergeometric function can be extended. The resulting potentials contained five independently tunable terms and two terms originating from the Schwartzian derivative that depended only on the parameters of the z(x) transformation function. The polynomial solutions of these potentials contain expansion coefficients obtained from three-term (BHE and DHE) and four-term (THE) recurrence relations. For the simplest z(x) transformation functions, the Lemieux–Bose potentials have been recovered for the BHE and DHE. The coupling parameters of these potentials and also of five potentials derived from the THE have been expressed in terms of the parameters of the respective differential equations. The present scheme offers a general framework into which a number of earlier results can be integrated in a systematic way. These include special cases of potentials obtained from less general versions of the Heun-type equations and individual solvable potentials obtained from various methods that do not necessarily refer to the Heun-type equations considered here. Several potentials derived here were found to coincide with or reduce to potentials found earlier from the quasi-exactly solvable (QES) formalism. Based on their mathematical form, their physically relevant features (domain of definition, asymptotic behaviour, single- or multi-well structure) were discussed, and possible fields of applications were pointed out. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Finite and Continuous Symmetries in Quantum-Mechanical Theory)
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