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Quartz Tuning Fork-based Sensors
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Quartz Tuning Fork-based Sensors

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Physical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2019) | Viewed by 30882

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Wonho Jhe

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Physics & Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
Interests: study of nonlinear; nonequilibrium; critical dynamics with cold atoms; nanoscale liquid peculiarities: surface tension; quartz-tuning-fork-based atomic force spectroscopy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Quartz tuning fork (QTF) is a commonly-available crystal oscillator used in digital electronics. It also has very unique mechanical properties; (i) high quality factor (>104), (ii) high stiffness (> 103 N/m), and (iii) small oscillation amplitude (< 1 nm). Due to its excellent advantages, it is suitable as a highly sensitive sensor for measurements of physical quantities such as force, mass and displacement. In particular, it has been increasingly and widely used in scanning probe microscopy.

This Special Issue aims to bring together recent research and developments concerning QTF-based sensors and applications.

Papers addressing developments in QTF and QTF-based sensors are sought, including recent research and developments in QTF sensors as well as QTF-based scanning probe microscopy and spectroscopy. Both review articles and original research papers associated with QTF-based sensors, and their applications, are solicited.

Prof. Wonho Jhe
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Quartz tuning fork (QTF)
  • QTF-based sensors physical sensor
  • atomic force microscopy
  • scanning probe microscopy
  • atomic force spectroscopy
  • force sensor

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 481 KiB  
Article
Dynamic Responses of Electrically Driven Quartz Tuning Fork and qPlus Sensor: A Comprehensive Electromechanical Model for Quartz Tuning Fork
by Manhee Lee, Bongsu Kim, Sangmin An and Wonho Jhe
Sensors 2019, 19(12), 2686; https://doi.org/10.3390/s19122686 - 14 Jun 2019
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 6101
Abstract
A quartz tuning fork and its qPlus configuration show different characteristics in their dynamic features, including peak amplitude, resonance frequency, and quality factor. Here, we present an electromechanical model that comprehensively describes the dynamic responses of an electrically driven tuning fork and its [...] Read more.
A quartz tuning fork and its qPlus configuration show different characteristics in their dynamic features, including peak amplitude, resonance frequency, and quality factor. Here, we present an electromechanical model that comprehensively describes the dynamic responses of an electrically driven tuning fork and its qPlus configuration. Based on the model, we theoretically derive and experimentally validate how the peak amplitude, resonance frequency, quality factor, and normalized capacitance are changed when transforming a tuning fork to its qPlus configuration. Furthermore, we introduce two experimentally measurable parameters that are intrinsic for a given tuning fork and not changed by the qPlus configuration. The present model and analysis allow quantitative prediction of the dynamic characteristics in tuning fork and qPlus, and thus could be useful to optimize the sensors’ performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Quartz Tuning Fork-based Sensors)
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15 pages, 1845 KiB  
Article
Fluid Sensing Using Quartz Tuning Forks—Measurement Technology and Applications
by Thomas Voglhuber-Brunnmaier, Alexander O. Niedermayer, Friedrich Feichtinger and Bernhard Jakoby
Sensors 2019, 19(10), 2336; https://doi.org/10.3390/s19102336 - 21 May 2019
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 7647
Abstract
We provide an overview of recent achievements using quartz tuning forks for sensing liquid viscosity and density. The benefits of using quartz crystal tuning forks (QTFs) over other sensors are discussed on the basis of physical arguments and issues arising in real world [...] Read more.
We provide an overview of recent achievements using quartz tuning forks for sensing liquid viscosity and density. The benefits of using quartz crystal tuning forks (QTFs) over other sensors are discussed on the basis of physical arguments and issues arising in real world applications. The path to highly accurate and robust measurement systems is described and a recently devised system considering these findings is presented. The performance of the system is analyzed for applications such as the mixing ratio measurement of fuels, diesel-soot contamination for engine oil condition monitoring, and particle size characterization in suspensions. It is concluded that using properly designed systems enables a variety of applications in industry and research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Quartz Tuning Fork-based Sensors)
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25 pages, 5649 KiB  
Article
Analysis of the Frequency Shift versus Force Gradient of a Dynamic AFM Quartz Tuning Fork Subject to Lennard-Jones Potential Force
by Chia-Ou Chang, Wen-Tien Chang-Chien, Jia-Po Song, Chuang Zhou and Bo-Shiun Huang
Sensors 2019, 19(8), 1948; https://doi.org/10.3390/s19081948 - 25 Apr 2019
Viewed by 4406
Abstract
A self-sensing and self-actuating quartz tuning fork (QTF) can be used to obtain its frequency shift as function of the tip-sample distance. Once the function of the frequency shift versus force gradient is acquired, the combination of these two functions results in the [...] Read more.
A self-sensing and self-actuating quartz tuning fork (QTF) can be used to obtain its frequency shift as function of the tip-sample distance. Once the function of the frequency shift versus force gradient is acquired, the combination of these two functions results in the relationship between the force gradient and the tip-sample distance. Integrating the force gradient once and twice elucidates the values of the interaction force and the interatomic potential, respectively. However, getting the frequency shift as a function of the force gradient requires a physical model which can describe the equations of motion properly. Most papers have adopted the single harmonic oscillator model, but encountered the problem of determining the spring constant. Their methods of finding the spring constant are very controversial in the research community and full of discrepancies. By circumventing the determination of the spring constant, we propose a method which models the prongs and proof mass as elastic bodies. Through the use of Hamilton’s principle, we can obtain the equations of motion of the QTF, which is subject to Lennard-Jones potential force. Solving these equations of motion analytically, we get the relationship between the frequency shift and force gradient. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Quartz Tuning Fork-based Sensors)
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12 pages, 3123 KiB  
Article
Nanopipette/Nanorod-Combined Quartz Tuning Fork–Atomic Force Microscope
by Sangmin An and Wonho Jhe
Sensors 2019, 19(8), 1794; https://doi.org/10.3390/s19081794 - 15 Apr 2019
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 5432
Abstract
We introduce a nanopipette/quartz tuning fork (QTF)–atomic force microscope (AFM) for nanolithography and a nanorod/QTF–AFM for nanoscratching with in situ detection of shear dynamics during performance. Capillary-condensed nanoscale water meniscus-mediated and electric field-assisted small-volume liquid ejection and nanolithography in ambient conditions are performed [...] Read more.
We introduce a nanopipette/quartz tuning fork (QTF)–atomic force microscope (AFM) for nanolithography and a nanorod/QTF–AFM for nanoscratching with in situ detection of shear dynamics during performance. Capillary-condensed nanoscale water meniscus-mediated and electric field-assisted small-volume liquid ejection and nanolithography in ambient conditions are performed at a low bias voltage (~10 V) via a nanopipette/QTF–AFM. We produce and analyze Au nanoparticle-aggregated nanowire by using nanomeniscus-based particle stacking via a nanopipette/QTF–AFM. In addition, we perform a nanoscratching technique using in situ detection of the mechanical interactions of shear dynamics via a nanorod/QTF–AFM with force sensor capability and high sensitivity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Quartz Tuning Fork-based Sensors)
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9 pages, 3807 KiB  
Article
Photo-Induced Force Microscopy by Using Quartz Tuning-Fork Sensor
by Junghoon Jahng, Hyuksang Kwon and Eun Seong Lee
Sensors 2019, 19(7), 1530; https://doi.org/10.3390/s19071530 - 29 Mar 2019
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 4944
Abstract
We present the photo-induced force microscopy (PiFM) studies of various nano-materials by implementing a quartz tuning fork (QTF), a self-sensing sensor that does not require complex optics to detect the motion of a force probe and thus helps to compactly configure the nanoscale [...] Read more.
We present the photo-induced force microscopy (PiFM) studies of various nano-materials by implementing a quartz tuning fork (QTF), a self-sensing sensor that does not require complex optics to detect the motion of a force probe and thus helps to compactly configure the nanoscale optical mapping tool. The bimodal atomic force microscopy technique combined with a sideband coupling scheme is exploited for the high-sensitivity imaging of the QTF-PiFM. We measured the photo-induced force images of nano-clusters of Silicon 2,3-naphthalocyanine bis dye and thin graphene film and found that the QTF-PiFM is capable of high-spatial-resolution nano-optical imaging with a good signal-to-noise ratio. Applying the QTF-PiFM to various experimental conditions will open new opportunities for the spectroscopic visualization and substructure characterization of a vast variety of nano-materials from semiconducting devices to polymer thin films to sensitive measurements of single molecules. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Quartz Tuning Fork-based Sensors)
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