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Spectral Sensing Techniques in Biological Detection and Analysis

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Optical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2026 | Viewed by 1493

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Environmental Toxicology, Texas Tech University, 2500 Broadway, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
Interests: vibrational spectroscopy; machine learning; forensic science; disease biomarkers; enzyme inhibition characterization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue explores the potential of spectral sensing techniques in biological detection and analysis, advancing high-sensitivity, non-invasive tools for biomedical, environmental, and forensic applications. Spectral methods, including Raman, infrared, fluorescence, and UV–vis spectroscopy, enable precise identification and quantification of biomolecules, pathogens, and cellular processes. These techniques offer rapid, selective detection critical for disease diagnostics, biomolecular profiling, and real-time monitoring, just to name a few. This Special Issue aims to showcase innovative sensor designs, signal processing algorithms, and integration strategies that may enhance spectral sensing performance in biological applications.

Recent developments in sensor design, signal processing, and system integration are increasing the capabilities of spectral sensing in both laboratory and field settings. These innovations address key challenges in this area, such as sensitivity, specificity, miniaturization, and data interpretation, thereby opening new possibilities for clinical diagnostics, environmental biosensing, and forensic analysis.

Submissions may include, but are not limited to, the following areas:

  • Biomedical diagnostics and disease detection;
  • Environmental biosensing;
  • Forensic biomolecule analysis;
  • Point-of-care and portable biosensors;
  • Real-time biological monitoring;
  • Machine learning for spectral data analysis;
  • Miniaturized spectral sensor systems;
  • Pathogen and biomarker detection;
  • Food safety biosensing;
  • Wearable spectral sensors for health monitoring.

We look forward to your contributions.

Dr. Lenka Halámková
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • spectral sensing
  • biosensors
  • Raman spectroscopy
  • infrared
  • fluorescence spectroscopy
  • UV–vis spectroscopy
  • biological detection
  • biomolecule analysis
  • disease diagnostics
  • forensic sensing
  • signal processing

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

45 pages, 10337 KB  
Review
Design, Implementation, and Advances in Indirect SERS Sensors for Biomedical and Human-Health-Related Analyte Detection
by North Pinkley, Uchhwas Banik, Nayeem Anam, Aastha Oza, Kevin J. Ledford and Bhavya Sharma
Sensors 2026, 26(6), 1999; https://doi.org/10.3390/s26061999 - 23 Mar 2026
Viewed by 1005
Abstract
Novel, accurate molecular diagnostics are driving new advances across medicine, public health, and environmental monitoring. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) nanotags are powerful platforms for ultrasensitive, multiplexed, and quantitative detection of molecular targets. This review focuses on indirect sensing strategies, where SERS nanotags act [...] Read more.
Novel, accurate molecular diagnostics are driving new advances across medicine, public health, and environmental monitoring. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) nanotags are powerful platforms for ultrasensitive, multiplexed, and quantitative detection of molecular targets. This review focuses on indirect sensing strategies, where SERS nanotags act as signal transducers, resulting in enhanced and unique Raman spectra upon binding of target analytes (high specificity) and allowing for ultralow limits of detection. These indirect SERS sensors typically consist of a plasmonic core, a Raman reporter molecule, and a ligand that targets the analyte of interest. Each of these components contributes to the sensitivity, stability, and selectivity of the system. Rational design of SERS nanotags requires balancing enhancement efficiency with reproducibility, biocompatibility, and assay integration. The choice of reporter molecules, for instance, governs spectral uniqueness and enables multiplexed detection of multiple analytes within a single sample. Recent advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning are accelerating nanotag development by enabling predictive control over nanostructure geometry, composition, and optical response. SERS nanotags are increasingly being integrated into diagnostic formats, such as lateral flow assays and microfluidic devices, offering both qualitative and quantitative analysis at the point of care. This review provides an overview of key design principles, common strategies for nanostructure functionalization and stabilization, and emerging biosensing applications, serving as a practical guide for researchers seeking to design and implement SERS nanotags. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spectral Sensing Techniques in Biological Detection and Analysis)
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