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Diabetic Foot and Fall Prevention Based on Sensors Technology
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Diabetic Foot and Fall Prevention Based on Sensors Technology

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Physical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 June 2024) | Viewed by 3145

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Gu Eon Kang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Bioengineering, Erik Jonsson School of Engineering & Computer Science, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
Interests: biomechanics; frailty; diabetic foot; fall prevention; gait; posture; wearable sensors; motion analysis; computational modeling; finite element analysis; physical activity; physiological monitoring

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Falls in people with diabetes are a major problem, with feelings of unsteadiness, associated psychosocial effects and direct physical consequences having a high prevalence among diabetic patients. Sensory and motor neuropathy affecting the foot and lower limb are major contributory factors to gait impairments, subsequent unsteadiness and increased fall risk.

The widespread uptake and acceptance of technology represent an opportunity to address this rising challenge. In particular, thanks to advances in wearables and digital health technologies, this is an opportunity to empower patients and/or their caregivers to be engaged as a part of the healthcare ecosystem.

This Special Issue will present recent research findings on the development and application of sensor technologies in measurements of human biomechanical and physiological parameters associated with diabetic foot prevention. In particular, this Special Issue will report on various approaches including the application of biomechanical sensors (i.e., IMU, video analysis, plantar pressure, electromyography, and force sensors) in disease assessment, functional diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation, along with novel applications of the continuous monitoring of both functional and physiological parameters in diabetic foot patients.

Dr. Gu Eon Kang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • diabetic foot
  • fall prevention
  • motion analysis
  • biomechanical sensors
  • wearable sensors

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 9237 KiB  
Article
Pressure-Relieving Effect of Different Insole Top Covers in People with Diabetes at High Risk of Foot Ulceration
by Sicco A. Bus, Tessa E. Busch-Westbroek, Jan Pulles, Tim van Dun, Ghizella Szabo, Dario H. Lacorte, Dannick Luckson and Jaap J. van Netten
Sensors 2024, 24(17), 5549; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24175549 - 27 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1503
Abstract
Pressure-relieving footwear helps prevent foot ulcers in people with diabetes. The footwear design contributes to this effect and includes the insole top cover. We aimed to assess the offloading effect of materials commonly used as insole top cover. We measured 20 participants with [...] Read more.
Pressure-relieving footwear helps prevent foot ulcers in people with diabetes. The footwear design contributes to this effect and includes the insole top cover. We aimed to assess the offloading effect of materials commonly used as insole top cover. We measured 20 participants with diabetes and peripheral neuropathy for in-shoe peak pressures while walking in their prescribed footwear with the insole covered with eight different materials, tested in randomized order. Top covers were a 3 mm or 6 mm thick open or closed-cell foam or a 6 mm thick combination of open- and closed-cell foams. We re-assessed pressures after one month of using the top cover. Peak pressures were assessed per anatomical foot region and a region of interest (i.e., previous ulceration or high barefoot pressure). Walking comfort was assessed using a 10-point Likert scale. Mean peak pressure at the region of interest varied between 167 (SD:56) and 186 (SD:65) kPa across top covers (p < 0.001) and was significantly higher for the 3 mm thick PPT than for four of the seven 6 mm thick top covers. Across 6 mm thick top covers, only two showed a significant peak pressure difference between them. Over time, peak pressures changed non-significantly from −2.7 to +47.8 kPa across top cover conditions. Comfort ratings were 8.0 to 8.4 across top covers (p = 0.863). The 6 mm thick foams provided more pressure relief than the 3 mm thick foam during walking in high-risk people with diabetes. Between the 6 mm thick foams and over time, only small differences exist. The choice of which 6 mm thick insole top cover to use may be determined more by availability, durability, ease of use, costs, or hygienic properties than by superiority in pressure-relief capacity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diabetic Foot and Fall Prevention Based on Sensors Technology)
10 pages, 996 KiB  
Article
Capturing How the Accelerometer Measured Physical Activity Profile Differs in People with Diabetic Foot Ulceration
by Liam Neal, Matthew McCarthy, Paddy Dempsey, Francesco Zaccardi, Rachel Berrington, Emer M. Brady, Charlotte L. Edwardson, Frances Game, Andrew Hall, Joseph Henson, Kamlesh Khunti, Bethany Turner, David Webb, Melanie J. Davies, Alex V. Rowlands and Tom Yates
Sensors 2024, 24(15), 4875; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24154875 - 27 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1161
Abstract
Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFUs) are a major complication of diabetes, with treatment requiring offloading. This study aimed to capture how the accelerometer-assessed physical activity profile differs in those with DFUs compared to those with diabetes but without ulceration (non-DFU). Participants were requested to [...] Read more.
Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFUs) are a major complication of diabetes, with treatment requiring offloading. This study aimed to capture how the accelerometer-assessed physical activity profile differs in those with DFUs compared to those with diabetes but without ulceration (non-DFU). Participants were requested to wear an accelerometer on their non-dominant wrist for up to 8days. Physical activity outcomes included average acceleration (volume), intensity gradient (intensity distribution), the intensity of the most active sustained (continuous) 5–120 min of activity (MXCONT), and accumulated 5–120 min of activity (MXACC). A total of 595 participants (non-DFU = 561, DFU = 34) were included in the analysis. Average acceleration was lower in DFU participants compared to non-DFU participants (21.9 mg [95%CI:21.2, 22.7] vs. 16.9 mg [15.3, 18.8], p < 0.001). DFU participants also had a lower intensity gradient, indicating proportionally less time spent in higher-intensity activities. The relative difference between DFU and non-DFU participants was greater for sustained activity (MXCONT) than for accumulated (MXACC) activity. In conclusion, physical activity, particularly the intensity of sustained activity, is lower in those with DFUs compared to non-DFUs. This highlights the need for safe, offloaded modes of activity that contribute to an active lifestyle for people with DFUs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diabetic Foot and Fall Prevention Based on Sensors Technology)
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