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Advanced Sensing and Diagnostic Techniques for HVDC Transmission

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Fault Diagnosis & Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2026 | Viewed by 1123

Editors


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Guest Editor
Prysmian, 20126 Milan, Italy
Interests: power cables; HVDC; FEM models; electric field calculation; real time thermal rating; depth of burial monitoring; partial discharges measurements; space charge measurements; PEA method; polarity reversal; transient overvoltage; cable sheathing

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Guest Editor
L.E. PR.E. High Voltage Laboratory, Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
Interests: electromagnetic compatibility; lightning; grounding systems transients; computational electromagnetics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
L.E. PR.E. High Voltage Laboratory, Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
Interests: power cables; dielectric materials; partial discharge measurements; space charge measurements; PEA method; polarity reversal; transient overvoltage; cable sheathing; power distribution faults; power system faults; power system interconnection
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The development of High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission technology has accelerated significantly over the last decade, driven by the need to integrate large-scale renewable generation and interconnect distant power systems. However, most existing monitoring and diagnostic solutions are still derived from High Voltage Alternating Current (HVAC) practices, despite the fundamentally different physical phenomena governing HVDC systems. In particular, aspects such as insulation ageing under constant electric fields, space charge accumulation, transient overvoltages, polarity reversal, and energization dynamics introduce complex electrothermal and electromechanical stresses that are not adequately addressed by traditional HVAC-based monitoring approaches.

This Special Issue focuses on recent advances in sensing technologies and diagnostic methodologies specifically tailored for HVDC assets, including cables, joints, terminations, and converters. It encourages contributions on the design of dedicated sensors, measurement and data acquisition systems, and analytical techniques capable of capturing the unique characteristics of HVDC operation.

The topic is particularly timely, as standards and technical references—such as recent IEEE recommendations and CIGRÉ Technical Brochures on HVDC cable testing and diagnostics—have only recently begun to formalize requirements for monitoring and condition assessment in HVDC environments. Within this context, integrating innovative sensors, optical and electromagnetic measurement techniques, and AI-driven diagnostic systems represents a crucial step toward reliable, continuous asset monitoring and lifetime prediction.

Dr. Giuseppe Rizzo
Prof. Dr. Guido Ala
Prof. Dr. Pietro Romano
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • HVDC transmission
  • smart sensors
  • fault detection
  • condition monitoring
  • insulation diagnostics
  • partial discharge detection
  • optical sensors
  • AI-based diagnostics
  • predictive maintenance
  • power electronics monitoring

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 2761 KB  
Article
A Non-Contact Electrostatic Potential Sensor Based on Cantilever Micro-Vibration for Surface Potential Measurement of Insulating Components
by Chen Chen, Ruitong Zhou, Yutong Zhang, Yang Li, Qingyu Wang, Peng Liu and Zongren Peng
Sensors 2026, 26(2), 362; https://doi.org/10.3390/s26020362 - 6 Jan 2026
Viewed by 731
Abstract
With the rapid development of high-voltage DC (HVDC) power systems, accurate measurement of surface electrostatic potential on insulating components has become critical for electric field assessment and insulation reliability. This paper proposes an electrostatic potential sensor based on cantilever micro-vibration modulation, which employs [...] Read more.
With the rapid development of high-voltage DC (HVDC) power systems, accurate measurement of surface electrostatic potential on insulating components has become critical for electric field assessment and insulation reliability. This paper proposes an electrostatic potential sensor based on cantilever micro-vibration modulation, which employs piezoelectric actuators to drive high-frequency micro-vibration of cantilever-type shielding electrodes, converting the static electrostatic potential into an alternating induced charge signal. An electrostatic induction model is established to describe the sensing principle, and the influence of structural and operating parameters on sensitivity is analyzed. Multi-physics coupled simulations are conducted to optimize the cantilever geometry and modulation frequency, aiming to enhance modulation efficiency while maintaining a compact sensor structure. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed sensor, an electrostatic potential measurement platform for insulating components is constructed, obtaining response curves of the sensor at different potentials and establishing a compensation model for the working distance correction coefficient. The experimental results demonstrate that the sensor achieves a maximum measurement error of 0.92% and a linearity of 0.47% within the 1–10 kV range. Surface potential distribution measurements of a post insulator under DC voltage agreed well with simulation results, demonstrating the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed sensor for HVDC insulation monitoring. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Sensing and Diagnostic Techniques for HVDC Transmission)
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