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Advanced Techniques of Spaceborne Surveillance Radar

A special issue of Remote Sensing (ISSN 2072-4292). This special issue belongs to the section "Satellite Missions for Earth and Planetary Exploration".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 1138

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
National Lab of Radar Signal Processing, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China
Interests: spaceborne/airborne radar technique; space-time adaptive processing; frequency diverse array radar
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Guest Editor
China Academy of Space Technology, Xi’an 710100, China
Interests: radar system design; spaceborne radar

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Guest Editor
School of Communication and Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710054, China
Interests: array antenna design; signal processing; beamforming
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China
Interests: radar system technique; spaceborne/airborne radars

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Spaceborne radars play a significantly increasing role in civil and defense applications due to their global observation and surveillance ability. Spaceborne synthetic aperture radars have gone through a long history and are widely used today. In contrast, spaceborne radars for surveillance and warning purposes have rarely been reported commercially due to several technique difficulties and a high efficiency–cost ratio. Nevertheless, it is important to develop spaceborne surveillance radar systems to enable a safer world. Basically, spaceborne radar systems have the characteristics of high orbital speed, large operational range, and extremely varied dynamics of space temperature. A slow-moving target buried in the ground/sea clutter background is the key challenge for spaceborne surveillance radar systems.

This Special Issue discusses moving target detection under strong clutter background and/or dense jamming environments by spaceborne surveillance radars. Topics of interest include spaceborne radars, space–air bistatic radars, large reflector antennas, phased array antenna calibration, digital beamforming, waveform diverse arrays, spaceborne moving target detection, multi-target tracking and localization, space-time/space-time-frequency adaptive processing, non-homogeneity ground/sea clutter suppression, range and Doppler ambiguous clutter suppression, anti-jamming techniques, spaceborne radar and communication co-existence, beyond linear processing, and so on.

It is important and meaningful to jointly explore system designs and signal processing techniques in order to solve the most difficult issues regarding radars and to meet new application demands. Possible solutions include sophisticated system designs for antenna systems all the way to signal and data processing, advanced signal processing techniques by exploiting the characteristics of clutter and moving targets, sophisticated array signal processing and algorithms by optimally choosing the parameters or structure of the algorithms, novel designs of radar systems by introducing waveform diversity, cooperated signal processing with multi-static or distributed radar systems, etc.

Spaceborne radar techniques are well related to the journal. The topics of interest, from system design, antenna, and signal processing, to data processing, are all very important for Remote Sensing.

Prof. Dr. Jingwei Xu
Dr. Weiwei Wang
Dr. Yanhong Xu
Prof. Dr. Yuhong Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Remote Sensing is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • spaceborne radar system
  • spaceborne antenna technique
  • array signal processing
  • moving target detection
  • non-homogeneity clutter suppression
  • jamming suppression
  • multi-target tracking

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 2718 KiB  
Article
Clutter Modeling and Characteristics Analysis for GEO Spaceborne-Airborne Bistatic Radar
by Shuo Zhang, Shuangxi Zhang, Tianhua Guo, Ruiqi Xu, Zicheng Liu and Qinglei Du
Remote Sens. 2025, 17(7), 1222; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17071222 - 29 Mar 2025
Viewed by 216
Abstract
The spaceborne-airborne bistatic radar (SABR) system employs a spaceborne transmitter and an airborne receiver, offering significant advantages, such as wide coverage, outstanding anti-stealth capabilities, and notable resistance to jamming. However, SABR operates in a downward-looking configuration, and due to the separation of the [...] Read more.
The spaceborne-airborne bistatic radar (SABR) system employs a spaceborne transmitter and an airborne receiver, offering significant advantages, such as wide coverage, outstanding anti-stealth capabilities, and notable resistance to jamming. However, SABR operates in a downward-looking configuration, and due to the separation of the transmitter and receiver, non-side-looking array reception, and the effects of Earth’s rotation, clutter exhibits both spatial-temporal coupling and distance dependence. These factors cause substantial expansion in spatial and temporal frequency domains, leading to severe degradation in radar detection performance for moving targets. This paper establishes an SABR clutter signal model that applies to arbitrary geometric configurations to respond to these challenges. The paper uses this model to analyze the non-side-looking clutter characteristics in a geostationary spaceborne-airborne bistatic radar configuration. Furthermore, the paper investigates the impact of various observation areas and geometric configurations on detection performance, using SCNR loss as the performance index. Finally, this paper gives suggestions on the transceiver’s geometric configuration and the observation area selection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Techniques of Spaceborne Surveillance Radar)
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26 pages, 4698 KiB  
Article
Estimating Motion Parameters of Ground Moving Targets from Dual-Channel SAR Systems
by Kun Liu, Xiongpeng He, Guisheng Liao, Shengqi Zhu and Cao Zeng
Remote Sens. 2025, 17(3), 555; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17030555 - 6 Feb 2025
Viewed by 540
Abstract
In dual-channel synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems, the estimation of the four-dimensional motion parameters of the ground maneuvering target is a critical challenge. In particular, when spatial degrees of freedom are used to enhance the target’s output signal-to-clutter-plus-noise ratio (SCNR), it is possible [...] Read more.
In dual-channel synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems, the estimation of the four-dimensional motion parameters of the ground maneuvering target is a critical challenge. In particular, when spatial degrees of freedom are used to enhance the target’s output signal-to-clutter-plus-noise ratio (SCNR), it is possible to have multiple solutions in the parameter estimation of the target. To deal with this issue, a novel algorithm for estimating the motion parameters of ground moving targets in dual-channel SAR systems is proposed in this paper. First, the random sample consensus (RANSAC) and modified adaptive 2D calibration (MA2DC) are used to prevent the target’s phase from being distorted as a result of channel balancing. To address range migration, the RFRT algorithm is introduced to achieve arbitrary-order range migration correction for moving targets, and the generalized scaled Fourier transform (GSCFT) algorithm is applied to estimate the polynomial coefficients of the target. Subsequently, we propose using the synthetic aperture length (SAL) of the target as an independent equation to solve for the four-dimensional parameter information and introduce a windowed maximum SNR method to estimate the SAL. Finally, a closed-form solution for the four-dimensional parameters of ground maneuvering targets is derived. Simulations and real data validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Techniques of Spaceborne Surveillance Radar)
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