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Processes
Special Issues
Metal-Based Formulations for Eco-Sustainable Processes in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis
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Metal-Based Formulations for Eco-Sustainable Processes in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Catalysis Enhanced Processes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 September 2024) | Viewed by 4499

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Eleonora Aneggi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences (Di4A), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
Interests: homogeneous catalysis; heterogeneous catalysis; metal-based catalyst; wastewater treatment; sustainability; catalytic oxidation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Daniele Zuccaccia

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences (Di4A), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
Interests: homogeneous catalysis; green chemistry; catalyst design and characterization; mechanicistic investigation; NMR spectroscopies

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Environmental concerns have increased researchers' awareness of environmental issues and are the driving forces for novel formulation/process concepts. The main goal is the development of more eco-sustainable processes; on the one hand, by reducing and controlling air and water pollution, and on the other, by designing innovative and environmentally friendly chemical approaches for the production of high-added-value products.

This Special Issue on “Metal-Based Formulations for Eco-Sustainable Processes in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis” aims to provide a platform to highlight new research and significant advances in the development of homogeneous or heterogeneous metal-based catalysts for eco-sustainable processes. In addition, both theoretical/computational and experimental studies aimed at understanding the mechanisms of action of catalysts will be well highlighted.

Topics of research and review papers could include, but are not limited to, methods and/or applications in the following areas:

  • Homogeneous catalysis;
  • Heterogeneous catalysis;
  • Metal-based formulation development;
  • Development of computational/theoretical methodologies/approaches;
  • Catalyst application in sustainability processes;
  • New strategy for controlling air and water pollution;
  • Redesigning the conventional synthetic route as a more sustainable approach.

Dr. Eleonora Aneggi
Dr. Daniele Zuccaccia
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • metal-based catalyst
  • homogeneous catalysis
  • heterogeneous catalysis
  • organometallic complexes
  • supported metal catalysts
  • computational/theoretical approaches
  • sustainability
  • environmental catalysis
  • air and water pollution prevention

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 2119 KiB  
Article
Efficient, Facile, and Green Synthesis of Ruthenium Carboxylate Complexes by Manual Grinding
by Eleonora Aneggi, Daniele Zuccaccia, Andrea Porcheddu and Walter Baratta
Processes 2024, 12(7), 1413; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12071413 - 6 Jul 2024
Viewed by 676
Abstract
Recently, scientists have been developing sustainable processes, and in this context, mechanochemistry is commonly associated with green chemistry for its ability to reduce waste generation from chemical reactions. The well-known acetate complex, diacetate bis(triphenylphosphine) ruthenium(II) [Ru(OAc)2(PPh3)2], is [...] Read more.
Recently, scientists have been developing sustainable processes, and in this context, mechanochemistry is commonly associated with green chemistry for its ability to reduce waste generation from chemical reactions. The well-known acetate complex, diacetate bis(triphenylphosphine) ruthenium(II) [Ru(OAc)2(PPh3)2], is a versatile precursor for preparing active complexes for several catalytic reactions. This report presents an efficient and straightforward manual grinding protocol for the sustainable synthesis of ruthenium carboxylate complexes starting from the commercially available [RuCl2(PPh3)3] and metal carboxylates. This work represents a novel and preliminary investigation into carboxylate precursors’ alternative solventless synthesis route based on manual grinding. To our knowledge, this is the first time [Ru(OAc)2(PPh3)2] has been prepared via a mechanochemical procedure. The synthesis method has also been investigated for other alkali metal carboxylates and yields ranging from 30 to 80% were obtained. A comparison of sustainability and environmental impact between conventional solution synthesis and the grinding route has been carried out using the E-factor and Mass Productivity. While for the acetate complex E-factor and MP were only slightly better compared with the solvent method (3 vs. 4 for E-factor and ~6 vs. 5 for MP), for benzoate higher results were found (1 vs. ~4 for E-factor and 10 vs. 5 for MP). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal-Based Formulations for Eco-Sustainable Processes in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis)
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13 pages, 2222 KiB  
Article
High-Surface-Area Co-Cu-B Monolithic Self-Supported Catalyst for Efficient Sodium Borohydride Hydrolysis
by Wuning Yuan, Xiao Yang, Cheng Liu, Liangyao Xue, Wenzhe Niu, Qisheng Yan, Yajie Zhu, Junchao Han, Wen Guo and Bo Zhang
Processes 2024, 12(7), 1384; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12071384 - 3 Jul 2024
Viewed by 805
Abstract
Sodium borohydride (NaBH4) is a nontoxic and ideal storage material for hydrogen due to its safety and high hydrogen storage capacity. In order to improve the practicality of the sodium borohydride hydrogen production system, we deposited non-precious metal catalytic materials on [...] Read more.
Sodium borohydride (NaBH4) is a nontoxic and ideal storage material for hydrogen due to its safety and high hydrogen storage capacity. In order to improve the practicality of the sodium borohydride hydrogen production system, we deposited non-precious metal catalytic materials on readily available polymer foams using a simple chemical plating method, developing a suitable 3D catalyst. Its high specific surface area enables it to produce hydrogen at a rate of up to 3.92 L min−1 g−1. Its unique structure gives the catalyst excellent durability. In addition, an efficient NaBH4-based H2 supply system was developed using this catalyst. Co-Cu-B can facilitate stable hydrogen production from NaBH4, yielding a consistent power output ranging from 0 to 100 W. This work provides a new pathway for developing high-efficiency monolithic self-supported catalysts for industrial applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal-Based Formulations for Eco-Sustainable Processes in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis)
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16 pages, 2948 KiB  
Article
Effects of Heterogeneous Sulfated Acid Photocatalysts and Irradiation of Ultraviolet Light on the Chemical Conversion and Characteristics of Antifreeze from Bioglycerol
by Cherng-Yuan Lin and Yun-Chih Chen
Processes 2024, 12(2), 383; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12020383 - 14 Feb 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 771
Abstract
The purity of crude glycerol, a by-product of biodiesel production, may be as low as 50%. Thus, it has relatively low economic value without previously applying adequate physical purification or chemical conversion processes. A solid-state sulfated acid photocatalyst, TiO2/SO42− [...] Read more.
The purity of crude glycerol, a by-product of biodiesel production, may be as low as 50%. Thus, it has relatively low economic value without previously applying adequate physical purification or chemical conversion processes. A solid-state sulfated acid photocatalyst, TiO2/SO42− was prepared in this study to catalyze the chemical conversion of bioglycerol with acetic acid to produce an antifreeze of glycerine acetate to improve the low-temperature fluidity of liquid fuel. The experimental results show that similar X-ray intensity structures appeared between the catalysts of TiO2/SO42− and SO42−. An infrared spectra analysis using a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer confirmed the successful sintering of SO42− and ligating with TiO2 for preparing TiO2/SO42−. The effects of the photocatalyst were further excited by the irradiation of ultraviolet light. The highest weight percentage of glycerine acetate was obtained under a reaction time and reaction temperature of 10 h and 120 °C, respectively. In addition, it was observed that the glycerol conversion ratio reached 98.65% and the triacylglycerols compound amounted to 40.41 wt.% when the reacting molar ratio was 8. Moreover, the freezing point of the product mixture of glycerine acetate under the same molar ratio reached as low as −46.36 °C; the lowest among the products made using various molar ratios of acetic acid/glycerol. The UV light irradiation rendered higher triacylglycerols and diacylglycerols with lower diacylglycerol formation ratios than those without light irradiation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal-Based Formulations for Eco-Sustainable Processes in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis)
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14 pages, 3771 KiB  
Article
Study of Indium Phosphide Quantum Dots/Carbon Quantum Dots System for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production from Hydrogen Sulfide
by Yijiang Chen, Shan Yu, Yunqian Zhong, Yi Wang, Jiale Ye and Ying Zhou
Processes 2023, 11(11), 3160; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11113160 - 6 Nov 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1781
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are promising semiconductor nanocrystals in photocatalysis due to their unique properties and in contrast to bulk semiconductors. Different from the traditional modification methods of indium phosphide (InP) QDs such as metal doping, shell design, and surface ligand modification, we firstly [...] Read more.
Quantum dots (QDs) are promising semiconductor nanocrystals in photocatalysis due to their unique properties and in contrast to bulk semiconductors. Different from the traditional modification methods of indium phosphide (InP) QDs such as metal doping, shell design, and surface ligand modification, we firstly constructed the indium phosphide quantum dot and carbon quantum dot (InP QDs/CQDs) system and used it for the study of photocatalytic hydrogen production from hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in this work. The photocatalytic performance tests show that the average rate of photocatalytic decomposition of hydrogen sulfide to produce hydrogen of the InP QDs/CQDs system increases by 2.1 times in contrast to InP QDs alone. The steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence spectra demonstrated that the introduction of CQDs can effectively improve the separation efficiency of photo-generated carriers. In addition, the surface electronegativity of the InP QDs/CQDs system is weaker than that of InP QDs, which may reduce the repulsion between the photocatalyst and reaction substrate, promoting the surface oxidation reaction in the photocatalytic process. This work indicates that the construction of the QDs hybrid system can improve their photocatalytic performance, providing a way to optimize QDs in photocatalysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal-Based Formulations for Eco-Sustainable Processes in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis)
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