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Processes
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Fluid Dynamics, Multi Phase Flow, and Thermal Recovery Methods
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Fluid Dynamics, Multi Phase Flow, and Thermal Recovery Methods

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Chemical Processes and Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2021) | Viewed by 53166

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Abdolreza Kharaghani

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Thermal Process Engineering, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
Interests: fluid mechanics; numerical analysis; CFD simulation; engineering thermodynamics
Afshin Davarpanah

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mathematics, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
Interests: fluid flow through porous media; mathematical and numerical modeling; polymer flooding; in-situ foam generation; carbon sequestration and adsorption; chemical enhanced oil recovery; thermal recovery; heat transfer

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It is essential to have an adequate understanding of the fluid structure in porous media, since this gives direct information about the processes necessary to extract the liquid, as well as the likely yield. On the other hand, the direct visualization of porous media is challenging, and so the development of microfluidic analogues is particularly useful since this means that such systems can be studied in the laboratory. One microfluidic property is the delivery of the liquid rapidly by the exploitation of the impacts of surface tension, encoded by the microchannel’s surface chemistry and geometry. More widely, microfluidic systems have become more popular because of their high reaction rate, reduction of reagent consumption, and the possibilities for mass production. Moreover, in order to develop accurate models for heat and mass transfer applications involving fluid flow in geothermal applications or reservoir engineering and petroleum industries, a basic knowledge of the rheological and transport properties of the materials (e.g.,  reservoir characteristics especially in high-temperature and high-pressure environments) are needed. In this Special Issue, all aspects of fluid flow and heat transfer in geothermal applications, including the ground heat exchanger, conduction and convection in porous media, and industrial purposes will be considered. Furthermore, thermal-heat recovery, also called waste-heat recovery uses heat energy released from some industrial processes that would otherwise dissipate into the immediate environment unused.

This Special Issue on Fluid Dynamics, Multi Phase Flow, and Thermal Recovery Methods aims to curate novel advances in the development and application of computational modeling to address longstanding challenges for industrial purposes. All types of research approaches are equally acceptable: computational fluid dynamics, carbon capture and sequestration, experimental investigation, theoretical and numerical simulation, and their mixtures. The papers can be either fundamental or applied engineering sciences, including industrial case studies. With such a wide brief, it is naturally very difficult to define a finite list of relevant disciplines.

Dr. Abdolreza Kharaghani
Afshin Davarpanah
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Carbon capture and storage
  • Integrated microfluidic devices
  • Thermal methods
  • Exergy analysis
  • Multi-phase flow
  • Mathematical modeling
  • Foams application
  • Polymers
  • Thermal-heat recovery

Published Papers (8 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research

2 pages, 162 KiB  
Editorial
Special Issue “Fluid Dynamics, Multi-Phase Flow, and Thermal Recovery Methods”
by Abdolreza Kharaghani and Afshin Davarpanah
Processes 2021, 9(5), 842; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9050842 - 12 May 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1257
Abstract
Intricate fluid flow and transport phenomena in porous media are ubiquitous in natural processes and engineering systems [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fluid Dynamics, Multi Phase Flow, and Thermal Recovery Methods)

Research

Jump to: Editorial

11 pages, 3325 KiB  
Article
Development and Testing of a Block Hydrocyclone
by Alexandr Repko, Milan Sága, Boris Sentyakov and Vladislav Sviatskii
Processes 2020, 8(12), 1577; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8121577 - 30 Nov 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1534
Abstract
The study aimed to theoretically substantiate the efficiency of liquid purification and obtain corroborating experimental data for a hydrocyclone, consisting of several blocks. Mathematical models of the process of hydrodynamic fluid filtration were developed with the use of screw swirlers. The obtained mathematical [...] Read more.
The study aimed to theoretically substantiate the efficiency of liquid purification and obtain corroborating experimental data for a hydrocyclone, consisting of several blocks. Mathematical models of the process of hydrodynamic fluid filtration were developed with the use of screw swirlers. The obtained mathematical models characterize all the main processes of fluid movement in various zones of the functioning of the hydrocyclone. Formulas for calculating the structures of hydrocyclone blocks are included. A block for swirling the flow of the liquid to be cleaned has been made in the form of a three-way screw. For the first time, wear-resistant and high-strength plastic ZEDEX ZX-324 has been used as a material. An experimental study was conducted and the change in the Reynolds number and the coefficient of fluid consumption was shown, using different constructions of the three-way screw. The research results confirmed the correctness and sufficiency of mathematical models for the development and production of block hydrocyclones. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fluid Dynamics, Multi Phase Flow, and Thermal Recovery Methods)
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17 pages, 3563 KiB  
Article
Starting Conditions of Particle Migration in Tight Sandstone Reservoir Development
by Jie Shan and Xiaojun Zhou
Processes 2020, 8(11), 1491; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8111491 - 18 Nov 2020
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1639
Abstract
In the tight sandstone oil production stage, the migration of particles will not only block the oil path and throat, but also block the wellbore and damage the equipment. Based on the theory of non-Newtonian fluid, hydrodynamics, the extended Derjaguin Landau Verwey Overbeek [...] Read more.
In the tight sandstone oil production stage, the migration of particles will not only block the oil path and throat, but also block the wellbore and damage the equipment. Based on the theory of non-Newtonian fluid, hydrodynamics, the extended Derjaguin Landau Verwey Overbeek (DLVO) theory and the JKR (the model of Johnson–Kendall–Roberts) contact theory, the mathematical model and quantitative analysis of the critical condition of the particle separation from the surface due to the influence of oil flow in the fracture environment are presented in this paper. A theoretical model with pressure gradient as the core parameter and particle size, crack size and various contact forces as variables is established. By adding the formula of non-Newtonian fluid and taking the consistency coefficient and fluidity index as the contrast relation, the change rule of particle migration under the influence of non-Newtonian fluid is obtained. Effective prevention and control measures for the purpose of effectively preventing particle migration are also put forward. The results show that with the increase in the fluidity index, the pressure gradient decreases obviously; with the increase in the consistency coefficient, the pressure gradient increases obviously; and with the increase in particle size, the pressure gradient first decreases and then increases, thus creating a U-shaped curve. The lowest pressure gradient exists under the fixed condition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fluid Dynamics, Multi Phase Flow, and Thermal Recovery Methods)
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15 pages, 6326 KiB  
Article
Tributary Channel Width Effect on the Flow Behavior in Trapezoidal and Rectangular Channel Confluences
by Aliasghar Azma and Yongxiang Zhang
Processes 2020, 8(11), 1344; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8111344 - 24 Oct 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1860
Abstract
Channel confluences happen commonly in water transport networks and natural rivers. Utilizing a 3D CFD code, a series of numerical simulations were performed using a large eddy simulation turbulence model to investigate the effect of the variations in tributary channel width and the [...] Read more.
Channel confluences happen commonly in water transport networks and natural rivers. Utilizing a 3D CFD code, a series of numerical simulations were performed using a large eddy simulation turbulence model to investigate the effect of the variations in tributary channel width and the transverse geometrical shape of the main channel on the flow parameters and vertical structure in a T-shape confluence. The code was calibrated using the experimental data from the literature. Flow parameters were considered in ratios of tributary width to the main channel width in trapezoidal and rectangular channels. Results indicate that decreasing the width ratio of the tributary channel to the main channel significantly affects the flow structure in the confluence. Generally, it increases the width and length of the main recirculation zone. It also increases the maximum velocity near the bed, especially in cases with a trapezoidal shape. Besides, it highly affects the structure and formation of the recirculation zone in trapezoidal channels. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fluid Dynamics, Multi Phase Flow, and Thermal Recovery Methods)
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12 pages, 2627 KiB  
Article
CO2 Utilization via Integration of an Industrial Post-Combustion Capture Process with a Urea Plant: Process Modelling and Sensitivity Analysis
by Reza Shirmohammadi, Alireza Aslani, Roghayeh Ghasempour and Luis M. Romeo
Processes 2020, 8(9), 1144; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8091144 - 13 Sep 2020
Cited by 40 | Viewed by 10830
Abstract
Carbon capture and utilization (CCU) may offer a response to climate change mitigation from major industrial emitters. CCU can turn waste CO2 emissions into valuable products such as chemicals and fuels. Consequently, attention has been paid to petrochemical industries as one of [...] Read more.
Carbon capture and utilization (CCU) may offer a response to climate change mitigation from major industrial emitters. CCU can turn waste CO2 emissions into valuable products such as chemicals and fuels. Consequently, attention has been paid to petrochemical industries as one of the best options for CCU. The largest industrial CO2 removal monoethanol amine-based plant in Iran has been simulated with the aid of a chemical process simulator, i.e., Aspen HYSYS® v.10. The thermodynamic properties are calculated with the acid gas property package models, which are available in Aspen HYSYS®. The results of simulation are validated by the actual data provided by Kermanshah Petrochemical Industries Co. Results show that there is a good agreement between simulated results and real performance of the plant under different operational conditions. The main parameters such as capture efficiency in percent, the heat consumption in MJ/kg CO2 removed, and the working capacity of the plant are calculated as a function of inlet pressure and temperature of absorber column. The best case occurred at the approximate temperature of 40 to 42 °C and atmospheric pressure with CO2 removal of 80.8 to 81.2%; working capacity of 0.232 to 0.233; and heat consumption of 4.78 MJ/kg CO2. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fluid Dynamics, Multi Phase Flow, and Thermal Recovery Methods)
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23 pages, 8308 KiB  
Article
Numerical Study of the Filling Process of a Liquid Hydrogen Storage Tank under Different Sloshing Conditions
by Guomeng Wei and Jianfei Zhang
Processes 2020, 8(9), 1020; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8091020 - 20 Aug 2020
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 6635
Abstract
Cryogenic vessels are widely used in many areas, such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), aerospace, and medical fields. A suitable filling method is one of the prerequisites for the effective use of cryogenic containers. In this study, the filling process for the sloshing [...] Read more.
Cryogenic vessels are widely used in many areas, such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), aerospace, and medical fields. A suitable filling method is one of the prerequisites for the effective use of cryogenic containers. In this study, the filling process for the sloshing condition of a liquid hydrogen storage tank is numerically simulated and analyzed by coupling the sloshing model and the phase-change model. The effects of different sloshing conditions during the filling process are investigated by changing the amplitude and frequency of the sloshing. Within the scope of this study, there is a critical value for the effect of sloshing conditions on the pressure curve during the filling process. The critical value corresponds to a frequency f equal to 3 Hz and an amplitude A equal to 0.03 m. According to the simulation results, when the sloshing exceeds the critical value, the internal pressure curve of the storage tank increases significantly. Under microgravity conditions, within the scope of this study, the pressure curve changes less than the normal gravity, even if the amplitude and frequency increase. The sloshing makes it easier for the liquid to spread along the wall during the filling process. This also further weakens the temperature stratification in the storage tank. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fluid Dynamics, Multi Phase Flow, and Thermal Recovery Methods)
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16 pages, 5890 KiB  
Article
Breakup Processes and Droplet Characteristics of Liquid Jets Injected into Low-Speed Air Crossflow
by Lingzhen Kong, Tian Lan, Jiaqing Chen, Kuisheng Wang and Huan Sun
Processes 2020, 8(6), 676; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8060676 - 08 Jun 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3331
Abstract
The breakup processes and droplet characteristics of a liquid jet injected into a low-speed air crossflow in the finite space were experimentally investigated. The liquid jet breakup processes were recorded by high-speed photography, and phase-Doppler anemometry (PDA) was employed to measure the droplet [...] Read more.
The breakup processes and droplet characteristics of a liquid jet injected into a low-speed air crossflow in the finite space were experimentally investigated. The liquid jet breakup processes were recorded by high-speed photography, and phase-Doppler anemometry (PDA) was employed to measure the droplet sizes and droplet velocities. Through the instantaneous image observation, the liquid jet breakup mode could be divided into bump breakup, arcade breakup and bag breakup modes, and the experimental regime map of primary breakup processes was summarized. The transition boundaries between different breakup modes were found. The gas Weber number (Weg) could be considered as the most sensitive dimensionless parameter for the breakup mode. There was a Weg transition point, and droplet size distribution was able to change from the oblique-I-type to the C-type with an increase in Weg. The liquid jet Weber number (Wej) had little effect on droplet size distribution, and droplet size was in the range of 50–150 μm. If Weg > 7.55, the atomization efficiency would be very considerable. Droplet velocity increased significantly with an increase in Weg of the air crossflow, but the change in droplet velocity was not obvious with the increase in Wej. Weg had a decisive effect on the droplet velocity distribution in the outlet section of test tube. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fluid Dynamics, Multi Phase Flow, and Thermal Recovery Methods)
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14 pages, 3649 KiB  
Article
Effects of the Microbubble Generation Mode on Hydrodynamic Parameters in Gas–Liquid Bubble Columns
by Shanglei Ning, Haibo Jin, Guangxiang He, Lei Ma, Xiaoyan Guo and Rongyue Zhang
Processes 2020, 8(6), 663; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8060663 - 03 Jun 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2604
Abstract
The hydrodynamics parameters of microbubbles in a bubble column were studied in an air–water system with a range of superficial gas velocity from 0.013 to 0.100 m/s using a differential pressure transmitter, double probe optical fiber probe, and electrical resistance tomography (ERT) technique. [...] Read more.
The hydrodynamics parameters of microbubbles in a bubble column were studied in an air–water system with a range of superficial gas velocity from 0.013 to 0.100 m/s using a differential pressure transmitter, double probe optical fiber probe, and electrical resistance tomography (ERT) technique. Two kinds of microbubble generators (foam gun, sintered plate) were used to generate microbubbles in the bubble column with a diameter of 90 mm, and to compare the effects of different foaming methods on the hydrodynamics parameters in the bubble column. The hydrodynamic behavior of the homogeneous regime and the transition regime was also studied. The results show that, by changing the microbubble-generating device, the hydrodynamic parameters in the column are changed, and both microbubble-generating devices can obtain a higher gas holdup and a narrower chord length distribution. When the foam gun is used as the gas distributor, a higher gas holdup and a narrower average bubble chord length can be obtained than when the sintered plate is used as the gas distributor. In addition, under different operating conditions, the relative frequency distribution of the chord length at different radial positions is mainly concentrated in the interval of 0–5 mm, and it is the highest in the center of the column. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fluid Dynamics, Multi Phase Flow, and Thermal Recovery Methods)
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