Petroleum Characterization and Bioprocesses: Numerical and Experimental Investigation (2nd Edition)

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Chemical Processes and Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 November 2025 | Viewed by 39

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. LUKOIL Neftohim Burgas, 8104 Burgas, Bulgaria
2. Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Academic Georgi Bonchev 105, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
Interests: crude oil; oil characterization; petroleum chemistry; bitumen; heterogeneous catalysis; catalyst characterization; catalyst deactivation; distillation; oxidation; fluid catalytic cracking; hydrocracking; hydrotreting; thermal cracking; blending; modeling
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Guest Editor
LUKOIL Neftohim Burgas, 8104 Burgas, Bulgaria
Interests: petroleum; distillation; catalyst; chemical engineering; gas; petroleum exploration; catalysis; kinetic modeling; porous materials; reactor design

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Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 Changjiang West Road, Qingdao 266580, China
Interests: heavy oil chemistry; innovation of upgrading and processing technologies for heavy oil; heavy oil-related hydrogen technology; carbon materials from heavy oil
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is the second volume of "Petroleum Characterization and Bioprocesses: Numerical and Experimental Investigation” (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/processes/special_issues/B58S4E3VUG).

Petroleum is a valuable mineral source, rich in hydrocrabons, which, after refining, can be used either as components for the production of internal combustion engine fuels or as feeds for the production of chemicals. While the use of petroleum hydrocarbons as components for internal combustion engine fuels is expected to decrease due to efficiency improvements, advances in clean energy generation and stricter environmental regulations, along with stricter policy and the use of petroleum as a feedstock for chemical production, are expected to increase. Many studies dedicated to the effect that feed quality has on the performance of the petroleum-refining process reported that petroleum feedstock is the single variable that most affects the performance of the oil-refining processes. Therefore, petroleum characterization has pivotal importance where performance optimization of the refining process is concerned. Bioprocesses, due to their versatile nature, can be employed in the production of sustainable energy sources and find applications in many areas of human activity.

The petroleum characterization and bioprocesses can be modeled by the use of different numerical techniques. Nonlinear least-squared methods and meta-heuristic methods, such as artificial neural network, genetic algorithms and ant-colony optimization, least-square support vector machine (LSSVM), radial basis function (RBF) neural network, multilayer perceptron (MLP), support vector regression (SVR), adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), decision trees (DTs), random forest (RF), and simulated annealing programming, find application in research on petroleum characterization and bioprocesses.

This Special Issue addresses research in the fields of petroleum fluid characterization and bioprocesses. It aims to collect current work in the field of “Numerical modeling, and experimental investigation in characterization of petroleum and its derivatives, and bioprocesses”. The scope includes cases of investigations on petroleum property relations, the modeling of petroleum properties, the application of different methods for the characterization of petroleum and its derivatives, sustainable fuels, biofuels, petroleum-refining process performance optimization, and bioprocesses.

Prof. Dr. Dicho Stratiev
Dr. Ivelina Kostova Shishkova
Prof. Dr. Aijun Guo
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • petroleum
  • crude oil
  • fuel
  • nonlinear least square regression methods
  • meta-heuristic methods
  • energy
  • biofuel
  • bioprocesses

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

24 pages, 2460 KiB  
Article
Catalytic Cracking of Non-Hydrotreated, Hydrotreated and Sulfuric Acid-Treated Vacuum Gas Oils
by Dicho Stratiev
Processes 2025, 13(5), 1351; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13051351 - 28 Apr 2025
Viewed by 47
Abstract
The quality of the catalytic cracking feed can affect the conversion by 35%, while the activity of the catalyst can influence the conversion by 11% and the reaction temperature by 15%. The pivotal role of feed quality justifies the investigations directed to better [...] Read more.
The quality of the catalytic cracking feed can affect the conversion by 35%, while the activity of the catalyst can influence the conversion by 11% and the reaction temperature by 15%. The pivotal role of feed quality justifies the investigations directed to better understanding which components of the feed impinge the conversion, yields, selectivity and properties of the catalytic cracking products. In this research, two virgin vacuum gas oils, a hydrotreated vacuum gas oil and five sulfuric acid-treated vacuum gas oils were cracked on a commercial equilibrium catalyst (Nova DAO) in a micro-activity (MAT) unit at different catalyst-to-oil ratios to obtain the conversion, yields, and selectivities at the point of maximum gasoline yield. The treatment of one of the virgin and the hydrotreated vacuum gas oils with sulfuric acid decreased the heavy aromatics from 22.6 to 0.0 wt.% and resins from 2.7 to 0.0 wt.%. Intercriteria analysis of the experimental cracking data revealed that the reduction and removal of the heavy aromatic compounds from the vacuum gas oil had a profound effect on conversion, yields, and gasoline quality. It led to conversion enhancement from 70.8 to 86.1 wt.% and a reduction of gasoline research octane number by two points. The conversion at the maximum gasoline yield was confirmed to be very well predicted by a correlation that includes the empirical parameters aromatic carbon and hydrogen contents with %AAD of 0.7 wt.% and maximum absolute deviation of 2.3 wt.%. Full article
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