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Polymers
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Optics and Lasers in Polymers
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Optics and Lasers in Polymers

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymer Applications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 February 2024) | Viewed by 5377

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Chen Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Photonics & Photon Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
Interests: laser fabrication; laser super-resolution technology; microscopy; spatial light modulation technology
Prof. Dr. Jintao Bai

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Photonics & Photon Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
Interests: laser technology and devices; laser-matter interaction; laser super-resolution technology; new energy materials and photoelectric technology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over the preceding decades, the innovations in and combination of polymer science and photonic technology have greatly promoted the application and development of semiconductor manufacturing, communication, information storage, medicine care and other fields. For instance, photoresist material is indispensable for transferring the patterns from mask to substrate in semiconductor electronic circuit fabrication. Based on some special photo-reaction mechanisms of polymer materials, such as nonlinear absorption, stimulated radiation transition, photochromism and selective polymerization with different wavelengths, etc., the diffraction limit of traditional optical fabrication can be broken through to realize the optical processing with nanometer resolution. Some polymer materials have been used to develop lightweight and durable optical waveguide and optical elements for their excellent light transmittance properties. Many polymer materials are biocompatible; therefore, they can be utilized to fabricate artificial soft tissues or bones through laser 3D printing. In addition, polymers can also be applied to optical switching, storing and even generating lasers.

In this Special Issue, we hope to provide a forum for authors and readers to share their points of view on a broad array of topics, including photosynthesis, photoconductivity, photoelectric, nonlinear effect, photorefractive and chromatism of polymers, the fabrication and application of polymeric optical waveguide, optical fiber, optical functional surfaces devices and relevant topics concerning polymers and photonics. All types of papers are welcome, whether  they are research papers, short communications, or review articles that focus on the novel methodological and conceptual developments of optics and lasers highlighted in Polymers.

We look forward to receiving your submissions!

Dr. Chen Zhang
Prof. Dr. Jintao Bai
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • photosynthesis
  • photolithography
  • nonlinear absorption polymerization
  • optical storage
  • polymeric optical devices and elements
  • photosensitive resin
  • polymer functional surfaces
  • photoconductivity in polymer

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 4857 KiB  
Article
Polymer-Embedding Germanium Nanostrip Waveguide of High Polarization Extinction
by Jinyuan Liu and Ziyang Zhang
Polymers 2023, 15(20), 4093; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15204093 - 15 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 975
Abstract
Germanium (Ge) nanostrip was embedded in a polymer and studied as a waveguide. The measurements reveal that this new type of semiconductor/polymer heterogeneous waveguide exhibits strong absorption for the TE mode from 1500 nm to 2004 nm, while the propagation loss for the [...] Read more.
Germanium (Ge) nanostrip was embedded in a polymer and studied as a waveguide. The measurements reveal that this new type of semiconductor/polymer heterogeneous waveguide exhibits strong absorption for the TE mode from 1500 nm to 2004 nm, while the propagation loss for the TM mode declines from 20.56 dB/cm at 1500 nm to 4.89 dB/cm at 2004 nm. The transmission characteristics serve as an essential tool for verifying the optical parameters (n-κ, refractive index, and extinction coefficient) of the strip, addressing the ambiguity raised by spectroscopic ellipsometry regarding highly absorbing materials. Furthermore, the observed strong absorption for the TE mode at 2004 nm is well beyond the cut-off wavelength of the crystalline bulk Ge (~1850 nm at room temperature). This redshift is modeled to manifest the narrowing of the Tauc-fitted bandgap due to the grain order effect in the amorphous Ge layer. The accurate measurement of the nanometer-scale light-absorbing strips in a waveguide form is a crucial step toward the accurate design of integrated photonic devices that utilize such components. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optics and Lasers in Polymers)
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19 pages, 7827 KiB  
Article
Polymer-Derived Carbon Nanofiber and Its Photocurrent-Switching Responses of Carbon Nanofiber/Cu Nanocomposite in Wide Ranges of Excited Light Wavelength
by Xingfa Ma, Mingjun Gao, Xintao Zhang, You Wang and Guang Li
Polymers 2023, 15(17), 3528; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15173528 - 24 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 798
Abstract
Transformation into electric or photoelectric functional composite from non-conjugated polymers is a great challenge due to the presence of a large number of locative states. In this paper, carbon nanofiber was synthesized via hydrothermal carbonization utilizing carboxymethyl cellulose as a precursor, and the [...] Read more.
Transformation into electric or photoelectric functional composite from non-conjugated polymers is a great challenge due to the presence of a large number of locative states. In this paper, carbon nanofiber was synthesized via hydrothermal carbonization utilizing carboxymethyl cellulose as a precursor, and the carbon nanofiber/Cu nanocomposite was constructed for defect passivation. The results indicated that the resulting nanocomposites exhibited good absorbance in visible light range and NIR (near-infrared). The photoconductive responses to typical weak visible light (650 nm et al.) and NIR (808, 980, and 1064 nm) were studied based on Au gap electrodes on flexible polymer substrates. The results exhibited that the nanocomposite’s solid thick film showed photocurrent-switching behaviors to visible light and NIR, the switch-ratio was depending on the wavelengths and power of incident lights. The positive and negative photoconductance responses phenomenon was observed in different compositions and changing excited wavelengths. Their photophysical mechanisms were discussed. This illustrated that the nanocomposites easily produce free electrons and holes via low power of incident light. Free electrons and holes could be utilized for different purposes in multi-disciplinary fields. It would be a potential application in broadband flexible photodetectors, artificial vision, simulating retina, and bio-imaging from visible light to NIR. This is a low-cost and green approach to obtain nanocomposite exhibiting good photocurrent response from the visible range to NIR. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optics and Lasers in Polymers)
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15 pages, 2996 KiB  
Article
Mechanically Tunable Flexible Photonic Device for Strain Sensing Applications
by Murad Ali, Muhammad Waqas Khalid and Haider Butt
Polymers 2023, 15(8), 1814; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15081814 - 7 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1713
Abstract
Flexible photonic devices based on soft polymers enable real-time sensing of environmental conditions in various industrial applications. A myriad of fabrication techniques have been established for producing optical devices, including photo and electron-beam lithography, nano/femtosecond laser writing, and surface imprinting or embossing. However, [...] Read more.
Flexible photonic devices based on soft polymers enable real-time sensing of environmental conditions in various industrial applications. A myriad of fabrication techniques have been established for producing optical devices, including photo and electron-beam lithography, nano/femtosecond laser writing, and surface imprinting or embossing. However, among these techniques, surface imprinting/embossing is simple, scalable, convenient to implement, can produce nanoscale resolutions, and is cost-effective. Herein, we utilize the surface imprinting method to replicate rigid micro/nanostructures onto a commonly available PDMS substrate, enabling the transfer of rigid nanostructures into flexible forms for sensing at a nanometric scale. The sensing nanopatterned sheets were mechanically extended, and the extension was remotely monitored via optical methods. Monochromatic light (450, 532, and 650 nm) was transmitted through the imprinted sensor under various force/stress levels. The optical response was recorded on an image screen and correlated with the strain created by the applied stress levels. The optical response was obtained in diffraction pattern form from the flexible grating-based sensor and in an optical-diffusion field form from the diffuser-based sensor. The calculated Young’s modulus in response to the applied stress, measured through the novel optical method, was found in a reasonable range compared to the reported range of PDMS (360–870 kPa) in the literature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optics and Lasers in Polymers)
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11 pages, 6130 KiB  
Article
High-Durability Photothermal Slippery Surfaces for Droplet Manipulation Based on Ultraviolet Lithography
by Tong Wen, Chen Zhang, Yanyan Gong, Zezhi Liu, Wei Zhao, Yongjie Zhan, Ce Zhang, Kaige Wang and Jintao Bai
Polymers 2023, 15(5), 1132; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15051132 - 24 Feb 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1489
Abstract
Photothermal slippery surface has broad applications in many research fields for noncontacting, loss-free, and flexible droplet manipulation capability. In this work, with specific morphologic parameters and modified base materials doped by Fe3O4, a high-durability photothermal slippery surface (HD-PTSS) was [...] Read more.
Photothermal slippery surface has broad applications in many research fields for noncontacting, loss-free, and flexible droplet manipulation capability. In this work, with specific morphologic parameters and modified base materials doped by Fe3O4, a high-durability photothermal slippery surface (HD-PTSS) was proposed and implemented based on ultraviolet (UV) lithography to achieve repeatability of more than 600 cycles. The instantaneous response time and transport speed of HD-PTSS were related to near-infrared ray (NIR) powers and droplet volume. Meanwhile, the durability was closely related to the morphology of HD-PTSS, which impacts the recovering of a lubricant layer. The droplet manipulation mechanism of HD-PTSS was discussed in depth, and the Marangoni effect was found to be the key factor for the durability of HD-PTSS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optics and Lasers in Polymers)
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