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Polymers
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Natural Resin/Hybrid Composites and Natural Reinforcements
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Natural Resin/Hybrid Composites and Natural Reinforcements

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Biobased and Biodegradable Polymers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 October 2022) | Viewed by 14022

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Marius Marinel Stănescu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Applied Mechanics and Civil Constructions, University of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
Interests: hybrid resins; natural resins; natural reinforcers; composite materials; manufacture of hybrid composites; manufacture of biocomposites; mechanical properties; chemical properties; biodegradability
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Bolcu Dumitru

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Applied Mechanics and Civil Constructions, University of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
Interests: hybrid resins; natural resins; natural reinforcements; composite materials; manufacture of hybrid composites; manufacture of biocomposites; mechanical properties; chemical properties; biodegradability
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

Hybrid and biocomposites are mainly made from constituents that are found in abundance in nature. Thus, they are partially or completely recyclable, and their cost is much lower than that of composites made only of synthetic components. The multitude of combinations between different types of matrices and different types of reinforcements implies a variety of mechanical, thermal, chemical, and structural properties of these composites.

The possibility to control the matrix/reinforcement combination that leads to obtaining desired properties makes them suitable to be used for the manufacture of components used in the construction of vehicles, aircraft, ships; manufacture of sports equipment and medical orthoses; furniture element construction; civil, industrial, and agricultural constructions; etc.

For these reasons, research on the properties of the components of these materials (matrix/reinforcement), separately or in combination, is a challenge for any research team. Both original contributions and comprehensive reviews are welcome.

This Special Issue is dedicated to the latest research on these topics, covering all aspects related to the manufacture, properties, and fields of use of hybrid and biocomposites.

Dr. Marius Marinel Stănescu
Dr. Bolcu Dumitru
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • hybrid resins
  • natural resins
  • natural reinforcements
  • composite materials
  • manufacture of hybrid composites
  • manufacture of biocomposites
  • mechanical properties
  • chemical properties
  • biodegradability

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 3892 KiB  
Article
Some Mechanical Properties of Composite Materials with Chopped Wheat Straw Reinforcer and Hybrid Matrix
by Dumitru Bolcu, Marius Marinel Stănescu and Cosmin Mihai Miriţoiu
Polymers 2022, 14(15), 3175; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14153175 - 3 Aug 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2150
Abstract
Modern agriculture produces a very large amount of agricultural waste that remains unused. The use as a reinforcer of these renewable resources for the realization of composite materials, and the finding of useful industrial applications, constitutes or provokes the groups of researchers in [...] Read more.
Modern agriculture produces a very large amount of agricultural waste that remains unused. The use as a reinforcer of these renewable resources for the realization of composite materials, and the finding of useful industrial applications, constitutes or provokes the groups of researchers in this field. The study conducted in this article falls in this direction. Composites were fabricated with the chopped wheat straw reinforcement and epoxy resin matrix or hybrid resins with 50% and 70% Dammar volume proportions. Some mechanical properties of this type of composite materials were studied based on tensile strength, SEM analysis, water absorption/loss, vibration behavior and compression strength. The strength–strain and strain–strain diagrams, the modulus of elasticity, the breaking strength and the elongation at break were obtained. Compared to the epoxy resin composition, those with 50 and 70% Dammar, respectively, have a 47 and 55% lower breaking strength and a 30 and 84% higher damping factor, respectively. Because the values of these mechanical properties were limited, and in practice superior properties are needed, sandwich composites were manufactured, with the core of previously studied compositions, to which the outer faces of linen fabric were applied. These composites were applied to the bend (in three points), obtaining the force–deformation diagrams. The obtained properties show that they can be used in construction (paneling, shells, etc.), or in the furniture industry. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Resin/Hybrid Composites and Natural Reinforcements)
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15 pages, 10971 KiB  
Article
A Study of the Mechanical Properties in Composite Materials with a Dammar Based Hybrid Matrix and Reinforcement from Crushed Shells of Sunflower Seeds
by Marius Marinel Stănescu and Alexandru Bolcu
Polymers 2022, 14(3), 392; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14030392 - 19 Jan 2022
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 3290
Abstract
The production of composite materials through the reuse of waste or by-products from the agri-food industry will be a challenge for environmental protection. This study focuses in that direction. In the first stage, composites were made with the hybrid resin matrix (with three [...] Read more.
The production of composite materials through the reuse of waste or by-products from the agri-food industry will be a challenge for environmental protection. This study focuses in that direction. In the first stage, composites were made with the hybrid resin matrix (with three major volume proportions of natural Dammar resin and epoxy resin) and the reinforcing from shredded shells of sunflower seeds. Based on the tensile and compressive stresses, the stress–strain and strain–strain diagrams were obtained. The surface area of the rupture was investigated with stereo-microscopic analysis, and the absorption/loss of water was studied with a high precision balance. The vibration behavior was investigated experimentally, determining the damping coefficient and its own frequency. In the second stage, the study of these materials was extended. Sandwich composites were made with the same type of hybrid matrix as in the first stage. The core was made of shredded shells of sunflower seeds and the outer faces of linen fabric. These composites were applied to the bend (in three points), being obtained the force-deformation diagrams. The determined mechanical properties allow the complete or partial realization of these composites of some furniture components or of some equipment used in the field of constructions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Resin/Hybrid Composites and Natural Reinforcements)
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13 pages, 1878 KiB  
Article
Characterization of Thermal Bio-Insulation Materials Based on Oil Palm Wood: The Effect of Hybridization and Particle Size
by Indra Mawardi, Sri Aprilia, Muhammad Faisal and Samsul Rizal
Polymers 2021, 13(19), 3287; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13193287 - 26 Sep 2021
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 4495
Abstract
Oil palm wood is the primary biomass waste produced from plantations, comprising up to 70% of the volume of trunks. It has been used in non-structural materials, such as plywood, lumber, and particleboard. However, one aspect has not been disclosed, namely, its use [...] Read more.
Oil palm wood is the primary biomass waste produced from plantations, comprising up to 70% of the volume of trunks. It has been used in non-structural materials, such as plywood, lumber, and particleboard. However, one aspect has not been disclosed, namely, its use in thermal insulation materials. In this study, we investigated the thermal conductivity and the mechanical and physical properties of bio-insulation materials based on oil palm wood. The effects of hybridization and particle size on the properties of the panels were also evaluated. Oil palm wood and ramie were applied as reinforcements, and tapioca starch was applied as a bio-binder. Panels were prepared using a hot press at a temperature of 150 °C and constant pressure of 9.8 MPa. Thermal conductivity, bending strength, water absorption, dimensional stability, and thermogravimetric tests were performed to evaluate the properties of the panels. The results show that hybridization and particle size significantly affected the properties of the panels. The density and thermal conductivity of the panels were in the ranges of 0.66–0.79 g/cm3 and 0.067–0.154 W/mK, respectively. The least thermal conductivity, i.e., 0.067 W/mK, was obtained for the hybrid panels with coarse particles at density 0.66 g/cm3. The lowest water absorption (54.75%) and thickness swelling (18.18%) were found in the hybrid panels with fine particles. The observed mechanical properties were a bending strength of 11.49–18.15 MPa and a modulus of elasticity of 1864–3093 MPa. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that hybrid panels had better thermal stability than pure panels. Overall, the hybrid panels manufactured with a coarse particle size exhibited better thermal resistance and mechanical properties than did other panels. Our results show that oil palm wood wastes are a promising candidate for thermal insulation materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Resin/Hybrid Composites and Natural Reinforcements)
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Graphical abstract

18 pages, 4098 KiB  
Article
Composite Polymer for Hybrid Activity Protective Panel in Microwave Generation of Composite Polytetrafluoroethylene -Rapana Thomasiana
by Ionel Dănuț Savu, Daniela Tarniță, Sorin Vasile Savu, Gabriel Constantin Benga, Laura-Madalina Cursaru, Dumitru Valentin Dragut, Roxana Mioara Piticescu and Danut Nicolae Tarniță
Polymers 2021, 13(15), 2432; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13152432 - 23 Jul 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2556
Abstract
During the microwave sintering of a polymer-ceramic composite plasma discharge is experienced. The discharge could occur failure of the power source. The solution proposed by the paper is original, no similar solutions being presented by the literature. It consists of using a polymer-ceramic [...] Read more.
During the microwave sintering of a polymer-ceramic composite plasma discharge is experienced. The discharge could occur failure of the power source. The solution proposed by the paper is original, no similar solutions being presented by the literature. It consists of using a polymer-ceramic composite protective panel, to stop the plasma discharge to the entrance of the guiding tunnel. Six composites resulted by combining three polymers, Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), STRATITEX composite and Polyvinylchloride (PVC) with two natural ceramics containing calcium carbonate: Rapana Thomasiana (RT) sea-shells and beach sand were used to build the protective panel.Theoretical balance of the power to the panel was analysed and the thermal field was determined. It was applied heating using 0.6-1.2-1.8-2.4-3.0 kW microwave beam power. The panels were subjected to heating with and without material to be sintered. It was analyzed: RT chemical (CaCO3 as Calcite and Aragonite), burned area (range: 200–4000 mm2) and penetration (range: 1.6–5.5 mm), and thermal analysis of the burned areas comparing to the original data. PTFE-RT composite proved the lowest penetration to 0.6 and 1.2 kW. Other 1.2 kW all composites experienced vital failures. Transformation of the polymer matrix of composite consisted of slightly decreasing of the phase shifting temperature and of slightly increasing of the melting start and liquidus temperature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Resin/Hybrid Composites and Natural Reinforcements)
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