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New Advances in Molecularly Imprinted Polymer

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymer Analysis and Characterization".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 August 2025 | Viewed by 5259

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
Interests: functional polymer; molecularly imprinted polymer; hard coating; latent curing epoxy resin; polyurethane; polydiacetylene; sol–gel process; controlled release

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are a field of science that mimics nature. The aim is to imprint the target molecule onto a polymer to create sites that can be used, akin to the binding sites of enzymes. This concept was introduced by Polyakov in 1931 and by Dickey in 1949, and since then, significant progress has been made, particularly in 1972 by Wulff, and research in this area has been steadily advancing. While the recognition ability of these formed sites is much lower compared to enzymes, research in this field holds significant value in terms of cost-effectiveness, as it can be manufactured using very inexpensive materials and simple processes. Most of the research so far has focused on methods to enhance the low recognition ability even slightly. Over time, a wide variety of polymeric materials and methods have been used to form MIPs. This Special Issue will provide an excellent opportunity to explore recent advancements in this field.

Prof. Dr. Jae Sup Shin
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • molecular imprinting
  • recognition ability
  • biomimic
  • target molecule
  • sensor

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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26 pages, 6708 KiB  
Article
Development of Optimal Conditions for Synthesis of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Effective Terbium Sorption
by Laura Agibayeva, Yevgeniy Melnikov, Ayakoz Berdaly and Ruslan Kondaurov
Polymers 2025, 17(10), 1398; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17101398 - 19 May 2025
Viewed by 375
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) as well as non-imprinted polymers (NIPs) were synthesized for selective sorption of lead and terbium. The ratio of raw monomers for the terbium–MIPs’ synthesis was optimized based on the results of the synthesis of lead–MIP. It was found that [...] Read more.
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) as well as non-imprinted polymers (NIPs) were synthesized for selective sorption of lead and terbium. The ratio of raw monomers for the terbium–MIPs’ synthesis was optimized based on the results of the synthesis of lead–MIP. It was found that the molar ratio of template/monomer/monomer/cross-linker = 1:5:5:8 was the most accurate for successful synthesis of the target MIP. As a result, the yields of the MIP and NIP on terbium were 59.3% and 61.2%, respectively. The structure of the imprinted samples was determined by FTIR spectroscopy. SEM analysis of the imprinted structures showed that the Tb–MIP contained a large number of pores compared to the NIP. The size of these pores ranged from 0.779 μm to 1.874 μm. The results of sorption experiments showed that the adsorption efficiency of Tb–MIP was seven times higher than that of NIP: the sorption degree was 70.80% for MIP and 9.95% for NIP. The imprinting factor was calculated and was equal to 7.06. The sorption process was described by the Radushkevich and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. It was shown that sorption by NIP occurred with a fast saturation of a lower Tb concentration, and the MIP’s sorption passed slower and more efficiently. The desorption degrees of Tb–MIP and NIP were 90.15% and 52.67%, respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in Molecularly Imprinted Polymer)
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28 pages, 5688 KiB  
Article
Cutting-Edge Sensor Design: MIP Nanoparticle-Functionalized Nanofibers for Gas-Phase Detection of Limonene in Predictive Agriculture
by Fabricio Nicolàs Molinari, Marcello Marelli, Enrico Berretti, Simone Serrecchia, Roxana Elisabeth Coppola, Fabrizio De Cesare and Antonella Macagnano
Polymers 2025, 17(3), 326; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17030326 - 25 Jan 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1181
Abstract
As population growth and climate change intensify pressures on agriculture, innovative strategies are vital for ensuring food security, optimizing resources, and protecting the environment. This study introduces a novel approach to predictive agriculture by utilizing the unique properties of terpenes, specifically S(-)-limonene, emitted [...] Read more.
As population growth and climate change intensify pressures on agriculture, innovative strategies are vital for ensuring food security, optimizing resources, and protecting the environment. This study introduces a novel approach to predictive agriculture by utilizing the unique properties of terpenes, specifically S(-)-limonene, emitted by plants under stress. Advanced sensors capable of detecting subtle limonene variations offer the potential for early stress diagnosis and precise crop interventions. This research marks a significant leap in sensor technology, introducing an innovative active sensing material that combines molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) technology with electrospinning. S(-)-limonene-selective MIP nanoparticles, engineered using methacrylic acid (MAA) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), were synthesized with an average diameter of ~160 nm and integrated into polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) nanofibers reinforced with multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). This design produced a conductive and highly responsive sensing layer. The sensor exhibited rapid stabilization (200 s), a detection limit (LOD) of 190 ppb, and a selectivity index of 73% against similar monoterpenes. Optimal performance was achieved at 55% relative humidity, highlighting environmental conditions’ importance. This pioneering use of polymeric MIP membranes in chemiresistive sensors for limonene detection opens new possibilities for monitoring VOCs, with applications in agricultural stress biomarkers, contaminant detection, and air quality monitoring, advancing precision agriculture and environmental protection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in Molecularly Imprinted Polymer)
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10 pages, 2258 KiB  
Article
Two-Dimensional Estrone-Imprinted System on a Self-Assembled Monolayer
by Min Jae Shin and Jae Sup Shin
Polymers 2024, 16(14), 2035; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16142035 - 17 Jul 2024
Viewed by 857
Abstract
In this study, a thin poly (methyl methacrylate) coating was formed on a self-assembled monolayer formed on a gold plate after chemically binding estrone. Subsequently, the estrone molecules were hydrolyzed and extracted using a solvent to form a molecular-imprinted system. The estrone-imprinted gold [...] Read more.
In this study, a thin poly (methyl methacrylate) coating was formed on a self-assembled monolayer formed on a gold plate after chemically binding estrone. Subsequently, the estrone molecules were hydrolyzed and extracted using a solvent to form a molecular-imprinted system. The estrone-imprinted gold plate was then used as a working electrode to measure the estrone recognition ability through electrochemical methods. The recognition ability of this working electrode was evaluated for similar compounds. The selectivity factors for the seven estrone analogs were measured, and these values ranged from 0.19 to 0.67. According to the experimental results, the estrone-imprinted system showed good differentiation of estrone from other estrone analogs. Comparing these selectivity factors with those of a previous study on a cholesterol-imprinted system, the relative molecular size difference between the target molecule and similar molecules had a significant impact on the selectivity factor. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in Molecularly Imprinted Polymer)
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20 pages, 5051 KiB  
Article
Enhancement in Sensitivity and Selectivity of Electrochemical Technique with CuO/g-C3N4 Nanocomposite Combined with Molecularly Imprinted Polymer for Melamine Detection
by Dalawan Limthin, Piyawan Leepheng, Benchapol Tunhoo, Annop Klamchuen, Songwut Suramitr, Thutiyaporn Thiwawong and Darinee Phromyothin
Polymers 2024, 16(13), 1800; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16131800 - 25 Jun 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1807
Abstract
This study focused on enhancing the sensitivity and selectivity to detect melamine by utilizing a photoelectrochemical method. This was achieved by combining a melamine-imprinted polymer with a CuO/g-C3N4 nanocomposite, which was synthesized through chemical precipitation and calcination. The resulting nanocomposite [...] Read more.
This study focused on enhancing the sensitivity and selectivity to detect melamine by utilizing a photoelectrochemical method. This was achieved by combining a melamine-imprinted polymer with a CuO/g-C3N4 nanocomposite, which was synthesized through chemical precipitation and calcination. The resulting nanocomposite exhibits improved carrier mobility and photoelectrochemical properties. A molecularly imprinted receptor for selective detection was created through bulk polymerization with methacrylic acid and a melamine template. The characterization of the nanocomposite was performed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for the chemical oxidation state, X-ray diffraction patterns for the crystalline structure, and ultraviolet/visible/near-infrared spectroscopy for optical properties. The CuO/g-C3N4 nanocomposite exhibits photoactivity under visible light. The modified electrode, incorporating the CuO/g-C3N4 nanocomposite and melamine-imprinted polymer, demonstrates a linear detection range of 2.5 to 50 nM, a sensitivity of 4.172 nA/nM for melamine, and a low detection limit of 0.42 nM. It shows good reproducibility and high selectivity to melamine, proving effective against interferences and real samples, showcasing the benefits of the molecularly imprinted polymer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in Molecularly Imprinted Polymer)
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Review

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27 pages, 715 KiB  
Review
Application of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers in the Analysis of Explosives
by Chenjie Wei, Lin Feng, Xianhe Deng, Yajun Li, Hongcheng Mei, Hongling Guo, Jun Zhu and Can Hu
Polymers 2025, 17(10), 1410; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17101410 - 20 May 2025
Viewed by 357
Abstract
The detection of explosives is highly important for the investigation of explosion cases and public safety management. However, the detection of trace explosive residues in complex matrices remains a major challenge. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), which mimic the antigen–antibody recognition mechanism, can selectively [...] Read more.
The detection of explosives is highly important for the investigation of explosion cases and public safety management. However, the detection of trace explosive residues in complex matrices remains a major challenge. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), which mimic the antigen–antibody recognition mechanism, can selectively recognize and bind target explosive molecules. They offer advantages such as high efficiency, specificity, renewability, and ease of preparation, and they have shown significant potential for the efficient extraction and highly sensitive detection of trace explosive residues in complex matrices. This review comprehensively discusses the applications of MIPs in the analysis of explosives; systematically summarizes the preparation methods; and evaluates their performance in detecting nitroaromatic explosives, nitrate esters, nitroamine explosives, and peroxide explosives. Finally, this review explores the future potential of emerging technologies in enhancing the MIP-based analysis of explosives. The aim is to support the further application of MIPs in the investigation of explosion cases and safety management, providing more effective technical solutions for public safety. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in Molecularly Imprinted Polymer)
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