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Modifications of Polymer Materials for Toughness, Thermal Conductivity

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymer Applications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2026 | Viewed by 1179

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Material Science and Engineering School, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
Interests: polymer blends; polymer nanocomposites; processing; structure–property relationship (mechanical properties; flame retardancy; thermal conductivity, etc.)
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
Interests: polymer blends; polymer nanocomposites; processing; polymeric dielectric substance; thermal conductive polymer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The poor thermal conductivity and flame retardancy of most polymers limit their application in high-power fields such as power and automotive industries. To significantly improve the thermal conductivity or flame retardancy of composites, a large number of functional fillers, such as thermal conductive fillers or flame-retardant fillers, are typically required. This promotes the construction of a functional filler network, which enhances the desired properties. However, this approach can sharply deteriorate the mechanical properties and processing fluidity of the composites while also increasing production costs. Both factors are not conducive to industrial production. Therefore, it remains a great challenge to manufacture composites with outstanding thermal conductivity and flame retardancy, as well as excellent mechanical properties, at low filler content.

In general, this Special Issue focuses on high-performance, thermally conductive, and flame-retardant polymer composites, including innovations in materials, microstructure, and mechanisms of toughening, thermal conductivity, and flame retardancy.

Submitted manuscripts must not have been published previously or be under consideration elsewhere. All manuscripts are refereed through a peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for manuscript submission are available on the journal’s website.

Dr. Dexiang Sun
Dr. Jinghui Yang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • polymer
  • polymer nanocomposites
  • structure–property relationship
  • mechanical properties
  • thermal conductivity
  • flame retardancy
  • toughening mechanism
  • thermal conductive mechanism
  • flame retardancy mechanism

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 7173 KB  
Article
Optimizing PVA/Chitosan Films with Acid-Functionalized MWCNTs: A Multifaceted Study on Performance Enhancement
by Mukaddes Karataş, Buket Erzen, Şermin Deniz, Ercan Aydoğmuş and Ramazan Orhan
Polymers 2026, 18(8), 980; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym18080980 - 17 Apr 2026
Viewed by 332
Abstract
Poly(vinyl alcohol)/chitosan (PVA/CS) biodegradable films reinforced with acid-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNTs) were fabricated via solution casting to investigate the effects of nanotube incorporation on structural, mechanical, thermal, dielectric, and physicochemical properties. Unlike conventional CNT-reinforced systems, this study focuses on the role of [...] Read more.
Poly(vinyl alcohol)/chitosan (PVA/CS) biodegradable films reinforced with acid-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNTs) were fabricated via solution casting to investigate the effects of nanotube incorporation on structural, mechanical, thermal, dielectric, and physicochemical properties. Unlike conventional CNT-reinforced systems, this study focuses on the role of acid functionalization in improving nanotube dispersion and interfacial interactions, enabling simultaneous enhancement of multiple performance characteristics. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis confirmed strong intermolecular interactions between PVA/CS functional groups and carboxyl groups on f-MWCNTs, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed homogeneous nanotube dispersion at low loadings and partial aggregation at higher contents. X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated that crystallinity was modified in a non-monotonic manner with increasing nanotube concentration due to competing nucleation and chain-restriction effects, while dielectric measurements showed an increase in dielectric constant from 3.78 to 4.27 as a result of enhanced interfacial polarization. The thermal conductivity improved from 0.195 to 0.247 W·m−1·K−1, and tensile strength increased from 19.8 to 24.5 MPa at 0.2 wt.% f-MWCNT, with elongation at break decreasing from 37.9% to 25.1%, reflecting increased stiffness. The degree of swelling and water solubility decreased with higher nanotube content, indicating reduced hydrophilicity and enhanced structural compactness. The results provide new insights into how surface-functionalized nanofillers can be used to tailor the multifunctional performance of biodegradable polymer nanocomposite films, highlighting their potential in advanced applications such as sustainable packaging, flexible electronics, sensors, and membrane technologies. Full article
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16 pages, 3798 KB  
Article
Tailoring Thermal Conductivity Anisotropy in Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/Boron Nitride Nanosheet Composites via Processing-Induced Filler Orientation
by Yan-Zhou Lei and De-Xiang Sun
Polymers 2026, 18(2), 291; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym18020291 - 21 Jan 2026
Viewed by 477
Abstract
To address the thermal management challenges in electronic devices, this study systematically investigates the effects of injection molding and compression molding on the microstructure and thermal conductivity of poly(vinylidene fluoride)/boron nitride nanosheet (PVDF/BNNs) composites. Using 10 μm diameter BNNs as thermal conductive fillers [...] Read more.
To address the thermal management challenges in electronic devices, this study systematically investigates the effects of injection molding and compression molding on the microstructure and thermal conductivity of poly(vinylidene fluoride)/boron nitride nanosheet (PVDF/BNNs) composites. Using 10 μm diameter BNNs as thermal conductive fillers and PVDF as the matrix, the composites were characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal conductivity measurements, rheological analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and mechanical tests. The results demonstrate that the strong shear stress in injection molding induces significant alignment of BNNs along the flow direction, leading to remarkable thermal conductivity anisotropy. At a PVDF/BNNs mass ratio of 90/10, the in-plane thermal conductivity of the injection-molded composite reaches 1.26 W/(m·K), while the through-plane conductivity is only 0.40 W/(m·K). In contrast, compression molding, which involves minimal shear, results in randomly dispersed BNNs and isotropic thermal conductivity, with both in-plane and through-plane values around 0.41 W/(m·K) at the same filler loading. Both processing methods preserve the coexistence of α- and β-crystalline phases in PVDF. However, injection molding enhances matrix crystallinity through stress-induced crystallization, yielding composites with higher density and superior tensile properties. Compression molding, due to slower cooling, leads to incomplete PVDF crystallization, as evidenced by a shoulder peak near 164 °C in differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves. This study elucidates the mechanism by which processing methods regulate the structure and properties of PVDF/BNNs composites, offering theoretical and practical guidance for designing high-performance thermally conductive materials. Full article
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