Optimizing Resource Utilization in Intercropping and Sole Cropping Systems

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Crop Physiology and Crop Production".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 1315

Special Issue Editors

Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Oregon State University, Hermiston, OR 97838, USA
Interests: nutrient and water management; soil fertility; soil reclamation; plant nutrition; plant root; conservation tillage; cropping systems; crop production; sustainable agriculture and environmental protection
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Guest Editor
Ghansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, China
Interests: intercropping; maize-soybean; sustainable agriculture
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue delves into the intricate dynamics of intercropping—an agronomic strategy holding immense promise for sustainable and resilient agriculture. This Special Issue is dedicated to unraveling the complexities of spatio-temporal interactions, species selection, and below- and above-ground synergies within intercropping systems. We invite international researchers to contribute original research articles, reviews, and perspectives to this collection, fostering a collaborative effort to elucidate which interactions are pivotal for optimizing yield and economic returns in diverse intercropping systems.

Intercropping, the simultaneous cultivation of different plant species in shared spaces, represents an age-old agricultural practice that is garnering renewed attention for its potential to enhance resource utilization efficiency, increase biodiversity, and bolster overall productivity. As the global agricultural landscape faces unprecedented challenges, understanding the nuanced interplay of factors influencing intercropping success becomes paramount.
This Special Issue invites submissions exploring various facets of intercropping, with a focus on the following:

  1. Spatio-Temporal Interactions: Investigations into the temporal and spatial dynamics inherent in intercropping systems, unraveling how timing and spatial arrangement impact overall crop performance.
  2. Species Selection and Combination: Examinations of the criteria governing the selection of plant species for intercropping, evaluating the synergies and complementarities between chosen species and their combined effects on yield and resource utilization.
  3. Below- and Above-Ground Interactions: Analyses of the intricate below-ground interactions involving root system dynamics, nutrient cycling, and microbial communities, as well as above-ground interactions related to canopy architecture, light competition, and allelopathy. Investigations into the interconnectedness of these factors and their influence on the design of optimal intercropping systems.

By synthesizing state-of-the-art research in this Special Issue, we aim to provide international researchers with a comprehensive understanding of which intercropping interactions are crucial for achieving higher yields and economic returns. The collection will serve as a valuable resource, guiding researchers and practitioners worldwide in the development of sustainable and economically viable intercropping strategies.

Dr. Ruijun Qin
Dr. Muhammad Ali Raza
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • diversification
  • sustainability
  • cereals
  • legumes
  • economics
  • complementarities
  • competition
  • crop configuration

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 2727 KiB  
Article
Long-Term Year-Interval Effect of Continuous Maize/Soybean Intercropping on Maize Yield and Phosphorus Use Efficiency
by Munir Ahmad, Tilei Zhao, Harun Gitari, Hongmin Zhao and Li Tang
Plants 2025, 14(7), 1060; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14071060 - 29 Mar 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 411
Abstract
The increasing global food demand, the degradation of one-third of agricultural land, and climate change pose significant threats to food production. Maize and soybean intercropping can enhance yields and land use efficiency, yet the year-interval effects of continuous intercropping on yield, yield sustainability, [...] Read more.
The increasing global food demand, the degradation of one-third of agricultural land, and climate change pose significant threats to food production. Maize and soybean intercropping can enhance yields and land use efficiency, yet the year-interval effects of continuous intercropping on yield, yield sustainability, and phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) remain unclear. This study evaluates the effects of continuous maize/soybean intercropping over year intervals on yield, PUE, and sustainability. A seven-year field trial (2017–2023) was conducted on acidic soil, comparing two cropping systems: maize monocropping and maize intercropped with soybean. The results showed that continuous maize/soybean intercropping outperformed maize monocropping across all year intervals. Over the first, third, and seventh year intervals, maize yield increased by 37%, 35%, and 58%, respectively, with a 55% average increase over the seven years. Intercropping also enhanced P use efficiency, as evidenced by AE, RE, PFP, and CPF increases. In the first year, AE, PFP, RE, and CPF increased by 48%, 37%, 27%, and 16%, respectively; after the third year interval, these metrics improved by 40%, 35%, 26%, and 14%; and after the seventh year interval, they rose by 60%, 58%, 24%, and 10.5%. The average AE, RE, and PFP increases over seven years were 53%, 52%, and 27%, respectively, while CPF increased by 13%. The SEM analysis further confirmed the substantial impact of the seventh year intercropping interval on maize yield, sustainability, and PUE. This study demonstrates that continuous maize/soybean intercropping can enhance maize yield, PUE, and sustainability, with the seventh year interval offering the most pronounced benefits. These findings provide valuable insights for improving food security and nutrient management challenges. Full article
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