Nettle: From Weed to Green Enterprise

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2024) | Viewed by 5047

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Natural Resources Institute Finland, Ounasjoentie 6, 96200 Rovaniemi, Finland
Interests: plant secondary metabolites; abiotic stress; bioprotection; soluble phenolics; nettle; natural resources
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Laboratoire Chrono-Environnement, UMR 6249, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Pôle Universitaire du Pays de Montbéliard, Montbéliard, France
Interests: environmental microbiology; microbial ecology; fungi ecology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) is a perennial, low-input, herbaceous plant that grows in the wild throughout the temperate and cooler parts of the world. The intertwined history of nettle and human beings can be traced back to prehistoric times. Preferring moist, nitrogen- and phosphate-rich soils, it thrives well in the backyard of human habitation. As it is easily available and particularly rich in bioactive compounds, minerals, and vitamins, it has been utilized for food, feed, medicine, cosmetics, and agriculture. Its silky fibers have also been used since ancient times for textiles, but abandoned in the cotton era.

Despite its contemporary reputation as a weed, stinging nettle is currently experiencing a revival, and is being reestablished as a beneficial crop. Its wide geographical distribution, low input requirements, few known pests and diseases, frost tolerance, and resilience to drought, makes it as an interesting alternative crop in many countries. Nettle has numerous potential applications in many sectors, but this advantage can also become a challenge when designing profitable value chains. Field establishment, cultivation, harvesting, and post-harvest processing, are all steps still requiring optimization.

However, there is growing research and widening commercial interest in employing nettle in more sustainable economies. This Special Issue aims to gather recent research related to the nettle value chain, from the natural variability and variety of nettle origins to product development and testing. Researchers are invited to submit original research articles and reviews that explore different topics within this broad context, such as plant morphology, physiology and resource allocation, genetics, molecular biology, biochemistry, and processing (for example, the post-harvest processing effect on raw material properties, bioactive compounds or fiber extraction, etc.).

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Françoise Martz
Prof. Dr. Michel Chalot
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • alternative crops
  • perennials
  • carbon sequestration
  • antioxidants
  • hydroxycinnamic acids
  • natural fibers
  • insecticide
  • biostimulants

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 7193 KiB  
Article
A High-Quality Phased Genome Assembly of Stinging Nettle (Urtica dioica ssp. dioica)
by Kaede Hirabayashi, Christopher R. Dumigan, Matúš Kučka, Diana M. Percy, Gea Guerriero, Quentin Cronk, Michael K. Deyholos and Marco Todesco
Plants 2025, 14(1), 124; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14010124 - 3 Jan 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1319
Abstract
Stinging nettles (Urtica dioica) have a long history of association with human civilization, having been used as a source of textile fibers, food and medicine. Here, we present a chromosome-level, phased genome assembly for a diploid female clone of Urtica dioica [...] Read more.
Stinging nettles (Urtica dioica) have a long history of association with human civilization, having been used as a source of textile fibers, food and medicine. Here, we present a chromosome-level, phased genome assembly for a diploid female clone of Urtica dioica from Romania. Using a combination of PacBio HiFi, Oxford Nanopore, and Illumina sequencing, as well as Hi-C long-range interaction data (using a novel Hi-C protocol presented here), we assembled two haplotypes of 574.9 Mbp (contig N50 = 10.9 Mbp, scaffold N50 = 44.0 Mbp) and 521.2 Mbp (contig N50 = 13.5 Mbp, scaffold N50 = 48.0 Mbp), with assembly BUSCO scores of 92.6% and 92.2%. We annotated 20,333 and 20,140 genes for each haplotype, covering over 90% of the complete BUSCO genes and including two copies of a gene putatively encoding the neurotoxic peptide urthionin, which could contribute to nettle’s characteristic sting. Despite its relatively small size, the nettle genome displays very high levels of repetitiveness, with transposable elements comprising more than 60% of the genome, as well as considerable structural variation. This genome assembly represents an important resource for the nettle community and will enable the investigation of the genetic basis of the many interesting characteristics of this species. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nettle: From Weed to Green Enterprise)
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23 pages, 4111 KiB  
Article
Digestate Improves Stinging Nettle (Urtica dioica) Growth and Fiber Production at a Chlor-Alkali Site
by Chloé Viotti, Coralie Bertheau, Françoise Martz, Loïc Yung, Vincent Placet, Andrea Ferrarini, Flavio Fornassier, Damien Blaudez, Markus Puschenreiter and Michel Chalot
Plants 2024, 13(17), 2425; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13172425 - 30 Aug 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1077
Abstract
Marginal lands have been proposed to produce non-food crop biomass for energy or green materials. For this purpose, the selection, implementation, and growth optimization of plant species on such lands are key elements to investigate to achieve relevant plant yields. Stinging nettle ( [...] Read more.
Marginal lands have been proposed to produce non-food crop biomass for energy or green materials. For this purpose, the selection, implementation, and growth optimization of plant species on such lands are key elements to investigate to achieve relevant plant yields. Stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) is a herbaceous perennial that grows spontaneously on contaminated lands and was described as suitable to produce fibers for material applications. Two mercury-contaminated soils from industrial wastelands with different properties (grassland soil and sediment landfill) were used in this study to assess the potential growth of stinging nettle in a greenhouse mesocosm experiment. Two organic amendments were studied for their impact on nettle growth. The solid digestate from organic food wastes significantly doubled plant biomass whereas the compost from green wastes had a lower impact. The highest doses of organic amendments significantly increased the number of fibers, which doubled following digestate application, while reducing leaf Hg concentration. Both amendments significantly improved soil respiration and enzymatic activities linked to the microbial biomass in the soil from the sediment landfill by the end of the experiment. In the context of a phytomanagement scenario, solid digestate would be a preferred amendment resource to improve nettle production on industrial wastelands. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nettle: From Weed to Green Enterprise)
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Review

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19 pages, 1309 KiB  
Review
An Overview on Nettle Studies, Compounds, Processing and the Relation with Circular Bioeconomy
by Ioana-Maria Toplicean, Rebeca-Didina Ianuș and Adina-Daniela Datcu
Plants 2024, 13(24), 3529; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13243529 - 17 Dec 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2072
Abstract
This paper provides an interdisciplinary overview of nettle bioactive compounds and processing, and ir also explores its role in the circular bioeconomy. Urtica dioica L. is sometimes referred to as a multipurpose herbaceous species that has been used historically in food, textiles, and [...] Read more.
This paper provides an interdisciplinary overview of nettle bioactive compounds and processing, and ir also explores its role in the circular bioeconomy. Urtica dioica L. is sometimes referred to as a multipurpose herbaceous species that has been used historically in food, textiles, and medicine owing its rich profile of biological compounds. This study synthesizes the recent literature to examine nettle’s applications across various industries, from nutritional supplements to eco-friendly fiber materials. In addition, it highlights nettle’s potential in sustainable production chains, aligning with the EU’s bioeconomy directives. The methods involve a comprehensive literature review and data analysis, with a focus on bioactive compounds and eco-sustainable applications. The results of this review underscore the plant’s unique adaptability to low-input farming and its contributions to reducing resource dependency. The findings position nettle as a valuable resource for sustainable innovation, emphasizing its relevance within circular economic models. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nettle: From Weed to Green Enterprise)
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