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Mechanism of Phytohormones Regulating Crop Root Development and Stress Tolerance
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Mechanism of Phytohormones Regulating Crop Root Development and Stress Tolerance

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Response to Abiotic Stress and Climate Change".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2024) | Viewed by 5465

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Hua Qin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
Interests: plant hormones; root development; salt stress; hormonal crosstalk; soil compaction; rice; transcriptional regulation
Dr. Guoqiang Huang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Interests: regulation of root system architecture and its interaction with soil

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Global climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of stress, thus threatening food production around the world. Plants have evolved to cope with these stresses by triggering growth and development changes, and phytohormones act as all-encompassing regulators in this process. As the belowground organ of the plant, roots are fundamentally important for growth and development as they anchor the plant to its growth substrate, facilitate water and nutrient uptake from the soil, and sense and respond to environmental signals such as biotic and abiotic stresses. Upon exposure to stress, roots change their architecture to help plants survive under stressful conditions. Thus, root plasticity is a good model for studying plant response to stressful environments, and more and more scientists believe that modulating root growth and development provides a potentially useful approach to improve plant stress tolerance without yield penalties. Research on phytohormones in plant root development and stress tolerance has been intensively carried out. This Special Issue of Plants aims to bring together inspiration from multiple research studies and highlight the function of phytohormones in crop root development and stress tolerance.

Dr. Hua Qin
Dr. Guoqiang Huang
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • auxins
  • cytokinins
  • ethylene
  • abscisic acid
  • brassinosteroids
  • gibberellins
  • jasmonates
  • salicylic acid
  • strigolactones
  • root development
  • biotic stress
  • abiotic stress
  • hormonal crosstalk
  • crop

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 7214 KiB  
Article
Overexpression of OsRbohH Enhances Heat and Drought Tolerance through ROS Homeostasis and ABA Mediated Pathways in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
by Yating Chen, Rui Zhang, Rujie Wang, Jiangdi Li, Bin Wu, Haiwen Zhang and Guiqing Xiao
Plants 2024, 13(17), 2494; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13172494 - 5 Sep 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1412
Abstract
Respiratory burst oxidase homologs (Rbohs) are the primary producers of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which have been demonstrated to play critical roles in plant responses to abiotic stress. Here, we explored the function of OsRbohH in heat and drought stress tolerance by generating [...] Read more.
Respiratory burst oxidase homologs (Rbohs) are the primary producers of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which have been demonstrated to play critical roles in plant responses to abiotic stress. Here, we explored the function of OsRbohH in heat and drought stress tolerance by generating overexpression lines (OsRbohH-OE). OsRbohH was highly induced by various abiotic stress and hormone treatments. Compared to wild-type (WT) controls, OsRbohH-OE plants exhibited enhanced tolerance to heat and drought, as determined by survival rate analyses and total chlorophyll content. Histochemical staining revealed that OsRbohH-OE accumulated less ROS. This is consistent with the observed increase in catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activities, as well as a reduced electrolyte leakage rate and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Moreover, OsRbohH-OE exhibited enhanced sensitivity to exogenous abscisic acid (ABA), accompanied by altered expression levels of ABA synthesis and catabolic genes. Further analysis indicated that transgenic lines had lower transcripts of ABA signaling-related genes (OsDREB2A, OsLEA3, OsbZIP66, and OsbZIP72) under heat but higher levels under drought than WT. In conclusion, these results suggest that OsRbohH is a positive regulator of heat and drought tolerance in rice, which is probably performed through OsRbohH-mediated ROS homeostasis and ABA signaling. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanism of Phytohormones Regulating Crop Root Development and Stress Tolerance)
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25 pages, 5935 KiB  
Article
Adaptive Responses of Hormones to Nitrogen Deficiency in Citrus sinensis Leaves and Roots
by Dan Hua, Rong-Yu Rao, Wen-Shu Chen, Hui Yang, Qian Shen, Ning-Wei Lai, Lin-Tong Yang, Jiuxin Guo, Zeng-Rong Huang and Li-Song Chen
Plants 2024, 13(14), 1925; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13141925 - 12 Jul 2024
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1201
Abstract
Some citrus orchards in China often experience nitrogen (N) deficiency. For the first time, targeted metabolomics was used to examine N-deficient effects on hormones in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. Xuegan) leaves and roots. The purpose was to validate the [...] Read more.
Some citrus orchards in China often experience nitrogen (N) deficiency. For the first time, targeted metabolomics was used to examine N-deficient effects on hormones in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. Xuegan) leaves and roots. The purpose was to validate the hypothesis that hormones play a role in N deficiency tolerance by regulating root/shoot dry weight ratio (R/S), root system architecture (RSA), and leaf and root senescence. N deficiency-induced decreases in gibberellins and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) levels and increases in cis(+)-12-oxophytodienoic acid (OPDA) levels, ethylene production, and salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis might contribute to reduced growth and accelerated senescence in leaves. The increased ethylene formation in N-deficient leaves might be caused by increased 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid and OPDA and decreased abscisic acid (ABA). N deficiency increased R/S, altered RSA, and delayed root senescence by lowering cytokinins, jasmonic acid, OPDA, and ABA levels and ethylene and SA biosynthesis, increasing 5-deoxystrigol levels, and maintaining IAA and gibberellin homeostasis. The unchanged IAA concentration in N-deficient roots involved increased leaf-to-root IAA transport. The different responses of leaf and root hormones to N deficiency might be involved in the regulation of R/S, RSA, and leaf and root senescence, thus improving N use efficiency, N remobilization efficiency, and the ability to acquire N, and hence conferring N deficiency tolerance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanism of Phytohormones Regulating Crop Root Development and Stress Tolerance)
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Review

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13 pages, 1537 KiB  
Review
Ethylene Modulates Rice Root Plasticity under Abiotic Stresses
by Hua Qin, Minggang Xiao, Yuxiang Li and Rongfeng Huang
Plants 2024, 13(3), 432; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13030432 - 1 Feb 2024
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2301
Abstract
Plants live in constantly changing environments that are often unfavorable or stressful. Root development strongly affects plant growth and productivity, and the developmental plasticity of roots helps plants to survive under abiotic stress conditions. This review summarizes the progress being made in understanding [...] Read more.
Plants live in constantly changing environments that are often unfavorable or stressful. Root development strongly affects plant growth and productivity, and the developmental plasticity of roots helps plants to survive under abiotic stress conditions. This review summarizes the progress being made in understanding the regulation of the phtyohormone ethylene in rice root development in response to abiotic stresses, highlighting the complexity associated with the integration of ethylene synthesis and signaling in root development under adverse environments. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of ethylene in regulating root architecture and response to environmental signals can contribute to the genetic improvement of crop root systems, enhancing their adaptation to stressful environmental conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanism of Phytohormones Regulating Crop Root Development and Stress Tolerance)
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