Semiconductor Optoelectronic Devices: Characterizations, Design and Fabrication

A special issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732). This special issue belongs to the section "Optoelectronics and Optical Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2026 | Viewed by 934

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
College of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
Interests: transient optoelectronic devices and systems; optical communication systems; infrared spectroscopic detection and analysis; infrared optical design; preparation and application of electro-vacuum optoelectronic devices; perovskite and emerging semiconductors

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Guest Editor
College of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
Interests: photoelectric thin film materials (storage, electrochromic); photoelectrochemical; thin-film physical technology; solar photocatalysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The field of semiconductor optoelectronic devices has witnessed remarkable progress over the past decades, driven by the rapid advancement of materials synthesis, nanofabrication, and photonic integration technologies. These devices, including photodetectors, light-emitting diodes, lasers, and modulators, play crucial roles in optical communication, sensing, imaging, and energy applications. At the same time, the increasing demand for high performance, miniaturization, and multifunctionality continues to pose significant challenges for device design, characterization, and fabrication.

This Special Issue, "Semiconductor Optoelectronic Devices: Characterizations, Design and Fabrication," aims to provide a timely platform for researchers to share their latest achievements and perspectives in this rapidly evolving field. We welcome original research articles, communications, and review papers covering a broad range of topics, including but not limited to, the following:

Novel semiconductor materials and heterostructures for optoelectronic applications;

Advanced device architectures and fabrication strategies;

Optical and electrical characterization techniques;

Device physics and performance optimization;

Emerging applications in communication, sensing, imaging, and quantum photonics.

We sincerely invite contributions from both academic and industrial researchers worldwide. Through this Special Issue, we hope to foster collaboration, exchange innovative ideas, and advance the understanding and development of next-generation optoelectronic technologies.

We look forward to receiving your submissions.

Dr. Yining Mu
Dr. Jikai Yang
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • semiconductor optoelectronic devices
  • photodetectors and imaging sensors
  • light-emitting diodes and lasers
  • nanofabrication and device design
  • optical and electrical characterization
  • quantum and integrated photonics
  • perovskite and emerging semiconductors
  • device stability and reliability

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 2761 KB  
Article
Design of High-Speed MUTC-PD Under High Input Optical Power Utilizing Combined Analytical and Numerical Methods
by Xiyue Zhang and Xiaofeng Duan
Photonics 2026, 13(4), 370; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics13040370 - 13 Apr 2026
Abstract
High-speed photodetectors with extended dynamic ranges are critical for emerging optical systems like LiDAR. This paper presents a design methodology for a modified uni-traveling-carrier photodetector (MUTC-PD) that integrates a physics-based analytical model with numerical simulations. The existing analytical models for MUTC-PDs rely on [...] Read more.
High-speed photodetectors with extended dynamic ranges are critical for emerging optical systems like LiDAR. This paper presents a design methodology for a modified uni-traveling-carrier photodetector (MUTC-PD) that integrates a physics-based analytical model with numerical simulations. The existing analytical models for MUTC-PDs rely on approximations that may not hold under high injection levels and high frequencies, leading to discrepancies between theoretical predictions and practical observations. To address this limitation, we re-examine the governing equations and derive a corrected frequency response analytical model based on drift–diffusion theory by decomposing the device into distinct transport regions, enabling a physically meaningful optimization of the epitaxial layer structure to maximize theoretical intrinsic bandwidth. The calculated results closely match the simulated bandwidth (maximum error less than 6%), demonstrating consistent peak positions and trends. Subsequently, numerical simulations reveal the dynamic evolution of the device’s bandwidth under varying incident optical intensities. The results demonstrate that the intrinsic bandwidth initially increases to a peak of 325.82 GHz at 7×104W/cm2 under −3.5 V, attributed to the drift-enhancement effect driven by the self-induced quasielectric field. Beyond this optimal regime, the space charge effect causes internal field collapse and significant bandwidth degradation. This study establishes bandwidth maintenance capability under high injection as a key metric for linearity, offering a transparent theoretical and practical framework for designing a high-speed MUTC-PD. Full article
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20 pages, 5815 KB  
Article
Effect of Chip Number on the Spatial Light Distribution of High-Power-Density LEDs
by Xinyu Yang, Chuanbing Xiong, Xirong Li, Yingwen Tang, Hui Yuan, Yihao Ma, Bulang Luo and Jiaxin Di
Photonics 2026, 13(4), 363; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics13040363 - 10 Apr 2026
Viewed by 131
Abstract
High-power-density LEDs can achieve many functions that are difficult for traditional light sources and conventional LEDs to realize, pushing the semiconductor lighting technology chain to a new level. Increasing the number of chips is an effective approach to improving the light output capability [...] Read more.
High-power-density LEDs can achieve many functions that are difficult for traditional light sources and conventional LEDs to realize, pushing the semiconductor lighting technology chain to a new level. Increasing the number of chips is an effective approach to improving the light output capability of LED devices. In this study, five high-power-density LED devices with different chip numbers (4, 9, 16, 25, and 64 chips) were fabricated using the same blue LED chips, and the effects of chip number on the light output capability, spatial light distribution characteristics, and spatially correlated color temperature distribution characteristics of high-power-density LED devices were systematically investigated. The temperature distribution characteristics of the internal chips were further analyzed in combination with infrared thermal imaging results. The results show that increasing the chip number significantly enhances the total light output capability of the device; however, due to the influence of thermal coupling among chips, the saturation current and saturated luminous intensity of devices with different chip numbers are not proportional to the chip number. Increasing the number of chips in the device does not alter the intrinsic spatial emission pattern. Under optical saturation conditions, the luminous intensity distribution curves of all five devices exhibit Lambertian spatial light distribution characteristics. In terms of correlated color temperature, the CCT of all devices increases with increasing current per chip, and devices with more chips exhibit higher CCT values and a faster increasing trend. The spatial CCT distribution results show that the correlated color temperature of the device reaches its maximum in the normal direction, decreases with increasing testing angle, and exhibits good spatial symmetry. The thermal imaging results show that devices with more chips exhibit higher average chip temperatures and a relatively more uniform temperature distribution, which improves the spatial CCT uniformity of the device to some extent. Full article
11 pages, 1503 KB  
Article
Semiconductor Optoelectronic Polarization Imaging Approach for Enhanced Daytime Space Target Detection
by Guanyu Wen, Shuang Wang, Yukun Zeng, Shuzhuo Miao and Mingliang Zhang
Photonics 2026, 13(4), 355; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics13040355 - 8 Apr 2026
Viewed by 190
Abstract
Daytime detection of space targets is challenging due to the strong skylight background and the limited resolution of conventional polarization imaging systems. In this work, we present a semiconductor-based polarization detection method that integrates a CMOS polarization imaging sensor with a Schmidt–Cassegrain telescope. [...] Read more.
Daytime detection of space targets is challenging due to the strong skylight background and the limited resolution of conventional polarization imaging systems. In this work, we present a semiconductor-based polarization detection method that integrates a CMOS polarization imaging sensor with a Schmidt–Cassegrain telescope. To compensate for the spatial resolution loss inherent in division-of-focal-plane semiconductor polarization detectors, a bicubic interpolation algorithm is applied to reconstruct the degree and angle of polarization images. Furthermore, a spectral filtering strategy is introduced to suppress skylight-induced stray radiation, improving image contrast and reducing the risk of detector saturation. The developed system combines semiconductor optoelectronic detection, optical filtering, and computational reconstruction into a compact experimental platform. Validation experiments on Polaris and low-Earth-orbit space targets under daytime conditions demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves clearer and sharper polarization images compared with traditional intensity-based methods. Objective evaluation metrics, including gradient, contrast, brightness, and spatial frequency, confirm significant improvements in image quality. These results highlight the potential of semiconductor optoelectronic devices for polarization-based imaging and provide an effective framework for enhancing daytime space target detection. Full article
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10 pages, 2680 KB  
Article
Effects of Device and Contact Dimension Scaling on the Performance of InGaN/GaN Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes
by Muneeba Gul, Muhammad Usman, Shazma Ali and Ahmed Ali
Photonics 2026, 13(4), 320; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics13040320 - 26 Mar 2026
Viewed by 368
Abstract
Inspired by the growing demand for small and effective optoelectronic devices, this paper presents a simulation-based analysis of InGaN/GaN quantum dot light-emitting diode, focusing on the effects of systematic variation in both anode and cathode contact regions, as well as overall device size. [...] Read more.
Inspired by the growing demand for small and effective optoelectronic devices, this paper presents a simulation-based analysis of InGaN/GaN quantum dot light-emitting diode, focusing on the effects of systematic variation in both anode and cathode contact regions, as well as overall device size. Two-dimensional simulations using APSYS software were used to examine the impact of scaling the device dimensions as well as the individual contact dimensions on significant performance parameters like internal quantum efficiency (IQE), optical output power, and current-voltage (IV) response. We simulated five LED device sizes that is 50 × 50 µm2, 100 × 100 µm2, 200 × 200 µm2, 300 × 300 µm2, and 400 × 400 µm2. As device size grows, so does the total current at each voltage. The highest current measurement is achieved by the device with dimensions 400 × 400 µm2 while the lowest is observed on the device with dimensions 50 × 50 µm2. In addition to changing the device dimensions, we ran extensive simulations on the sizes of p-type and n-type contacts. Notable changes were seen in the efficiency, optical power, and emission profile of the p-contact. The behavior of p-side contacts from 0 to 50 µm was the same, while contacts between 60 and 100 µm showed significant differences. The significant performance parameters were unaffected by changes to n-contact dimensions. The results of this study illustrate how the configuration of contacts and dimensions greatly influences the electrical and optical performance of quantum dot light-emitting diode. The results are believed to be helpful to researchers working on the design of next-generation compact and efficient solid-state lighting devices. Full article
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