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Photonics
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Recent Advances in the Study of Light Propagation in Optical...
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Recent Advances in the Study of Light Propagation in Optical Fibers

A special issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 December 2020) | Viewed by 18206

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yashar Esfahani Monfared

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3L2B6, Canada
Interests: plasmonics; nanostructures; photonic crystals; fiber-optic sensors; nanophotonics; coherence theory; novel light sources; solar energy conversion; biosensing
Dr. Chunhao Liang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulations, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
Interests: coherence; Light manipulation; beam propagation; optical statistics; optical image; optical tweezer

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Guided-light propagation in optical fibers have been the focus of intense research efforts that range from studying optical communications to sensing and imaging. This Special Issue is intended for a multidisciplinary audience and will present some of the most recent advances and novel approaches applied in the design, fabrication, and application of optical fibers, generation of light beams, and guided-light propagation. Original contributions and reviews on any topic related to optical fibers and light propagation, whether theoretical/numerical or experimental, are all welcome.

Topics of interest include but are not limited to the following areas:

- Beam generation and propagation in optical fibers

- Optical coherence and partially coherent beam propagation

- Nonlinear optical processes inside optical fibers (including stimulated Raman scattering, stimulated Brillouin scattering, four-wave mixing, and supercontinuum generation)

- Novel optical communication systems

- Novel optical fibers including photonic crystal fibers

- Fiber optic sensors

- Medical applications of guided light in optical fibers

Dr. Yashar Esfahani Monfared
Dr. Chunhao Liang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Photonics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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9 pages, 2634 KiB  
Article
Performance Evaluation of Highly Nonlinear Fiber (HNLF) Based Optical Phase Conjugation (OPC) in Long Haul Transmission of 640 Gbps 16-QAM CO-OFDM
by Jingjing Wang, Yongtao Du, Chunhao Liang, Zhong Li and Jing Fang
Photonics 2021, 8(2), 45; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics8020045 - 10 Feb 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3719
Abstract
This paper presents the quantitative measurement through an experimental test of 640 Gbps 16-QAM coherent-optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) over 800 km optical fiber with mid-link optical phase conjugation (OPC) using highly nonlinear fiber (HNLF). The first focus is the OPC parameter optimization, [...] Read more.
This paper presents the quantitative measurement through an experimental test of 640 Gbps 16-QAM coherent-optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) over 800 km optical fiber with mid-link optical phase conjugation (OPC) using highly nonlinear fiber (HNLF). The first focus is the OPC parameter optimization, including the optimization of HNLF length and signal/pump power that inputs into OPC. Four different HNLFs, as the illustrative examples, are investigated. The second focus is to investigate the effects of fiber dispersion, nonlinearity, and amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise on the long-haul transmission of 16-QAM CO-OFDM signal, and the OPC compensation efficiency. The performance evaluation focuses on the conversion efficiency (CE), received signal constellation, Q-factor improvement, and bit error rate (BER) at the receiver end. Such end-to-end performance evaluation is important because the 16-QAM CO-OFDM signal status is heterogeneous and the mitigation of transmission impairments to the signal is still unclear. The OPC parametric optimization is achieved experimentally using commercially available HNLFs with different scenarios and the numerical results are interpreted in conjunction with simulations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in the Study of Light Propagation in Optical Fibers)
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11 pages, 1507 KiB  
Article
Abnormal Fano Profile in Graphene-Wrapped Dielectric Particle Dimer
by Yang Huang, Pujuan Ma and Ya Min Wu
Photonics 2020, 7(4), 124; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics7040124 - 3 Dec 2020
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2313
Abstract
We give a theoretical study on the near field enhancement and far field spectrum of an adjacent graphene-wrapped sphere dimer with different radii. The Fano profile is found in the near field enhancement spectrum of such a symmetry-broken dimer system, which is, however, [...] Read more.
We give a theoretical study on the near field enhancement and far field spectrum of an adjacent graphene-wrapped sphere dimer with different radii. The Fano profile is found in the near field enhancement spectrum of such a symmetry-broken dimer system, which is, however, hidden in the far field spectrum. We demonstrate that this kind of Fano profile is rising from the coupling of dimer’s plasmon hybridization modes by analyzing the dipole moments of each sphere. Moreover, different orientation of incident wave polarization will lead to the different plasmon hybridization coupling, thus giving rise to a different Fano profile. By changing the Fermi energy level, we could achieve tunable Fano profile in near field enhancement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in the Study of Light Propagation in Optical Fibers)
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17 pages, 5831 KiB  
Article
Object Shape Measurement Based on Brox Optical Flow Estimation and Its Correction Method
by Yuxin Tang, Ping Sun, Qing Dai, Chao Fan and Zhifang Lei
Photonics 2020, 7(4), 109; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics7040109 - 11 Nov 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2591
Abstract
In this work, a new method of measuring surface shape based on Brox optical flow estimation is presented. The measuring system consists of a projector, a measured object and a charge coupled device (CCD) camera. The grating fringes are projected onto the reference [...] Read more.
In this work, a new method of measuring surface shape based on Brox optical flow estimation is presented. The measuring system consists of a projector, a measured object and a charge coupled device (CCD) camera. The grating fringes are projected onto the reference plane at a small angle. Two fringe images—before and after placing the measured object on the reference plane—are captured, respectively. Then, the optical flow field between two images is evaluated by using Brox optical flow algorithm. The theoretical relationship between the optical flow field and the height of the measured surface is established. According to the relationship, the height distribution of the measured object can be retrieved quickly without phase-to-height transformation. However, the calculated height distribution has been found to be deviated from its true value. To solve the problem, a correction scheme suitable for the optical flow method is proposed. By using the correction scheme, the accuracy of the calculated result is greatly improved. Simulations and experiments are completed to verify the feasibility of the proposed method and the accuracy of the correction method. The results show that the proposed method is more accurate than that of the Fourier transform method. Compared with traditional surface shape measurement, the optical flow method has some obvious advantages: (1) Only two frame images are required to recover the height distribution. (2) Relatively simple in measurement process and calculation so less time consuming. (3) Because the optical flow method contains time factor itself, it is more suitable for dynamic measurement. (4) No restrictions on projection pattern. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in the Study of Light Propagation in Optical Fibers)
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13 pages, 3239 KiB  
Article
VOC Monitoring and Ozone Generation Potential Analysis Based on a Single-Photon Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer
by Yuefeng Zhao, Yurong Zhang, Jing Gao, Xu Wang, Hui Li, Yanqi Wang, Mengjun Duan, Kaifa Cao, Yangjian Cai and Jie Pan
Photonics 2020, 7(3), 61; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics7030061 - 24 Aug 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2945
Abstract
The single-photon ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer (SPI-TOFMS), which has high sensitivity, high accuracy, and a short response time, is effective for the real-time monitoring of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In this study, the theory and structural composition of the SPI-TOFMS are described. Its [...] Read more.
The single-photon ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer (SPI-TOFMS), which has high sensitivity, high accuracy, and a short response time, is effective for the real-time monitoring of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In this study, the theory and structural composition of the SPI-TOFMS are described. Its detection limit can reach parts per billion by volume (ppbv), the dynamic range is better than three orders of magnitude, and the response speed can reach milliseconds. The distribution of VOCs and the ozone generation contribution rate in the Hefei Economic Development Zone are analyzed using this instrument with a vehicle platform for online navigation detection. The experimental results showed that aromatics were the primary components of the total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs), and aromatics and alkenes contributed more to ozone formation in an industrial manufacturing area. This research indicates that the SPI-TOFMS can rapidly and accurately conduct online monitoring of VOCs in industrial development zones. In addition, it has been applied in the fields of atmospheric composition observation, environmental monitoring, and industrial VOC leakage monitoring. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in the Study of Light Propagation in Optical Fibers)
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14 pages, 5438 KiB  
Article
Statistical Characteristics of a Twisted Anisotropic Gaussian Schell-Model Beam in Turbulent Ocean
by Yonglei Liu, Yuefeng Zhao, Xianlong Liu, Chunhao Liang, Lin Liu, Fei Wang and Yangjian Cai
Photonics 2020, 7(2), 37; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics7020037 - 29 May 2020
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3026
Abstract
The analytical expression of the cross-spectral density function of a twisted anisotropic Gaussian Schell-model (TAGSM) beam transmitting in turbulent ocean is derived by applying a tensor method. The statistical properties, including spectral density, the strength of twist and beam width of the propagating [...] Read more.
The analytical expression of the cross-spectral density function of a twisted anisotropic Gaussian Schell-model (TAGSM) beam transmitting in turbulent ocean is derived by applying a tensor method. The statistical properties, including spectral density, the strength of twist and beam width of the propagating beam are studied carefully through numerical examples. It is demonstrated that the turbulence of ocean has no effect on the rotation direction of the beam spot during propagation. However, the beam shape will degrade into a Gaussian profile under the action of oceanic turbulence with sufficiently long propagation distance, and a beam with a larger initial twist factor is more resistant to turbulence-induced degeneration. As oceanic turbulence becomes stronger, the beam spot spreads more quickly while the twist factor drops more rapidly upon propagation. The physical mechanisms of these phenomena are addressed in detail. The obtained results will be helpful in optical communication systems underwater. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in the Study of Light Propagation in Optical Fibers)
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Other

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7 pages, 394 KiB  
Letter
One-Way Zero Reflection in an Insulator-Metal-Insulator Structure Using the Transfer Matrix Method
by Heeso Noh and Jai-Min Choi
Photonics 2021, 8(1), 8; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics8010008 - 31 Dec 2020
Viewed by 2711
Abstract
We numerically demonstrate one-way zero reflection using the transfer matrix method. Using simulations, we adjusted the thickness of SiO2 layers in a simple SiO2-Au-SiO2 layer structure. We found two solutions, 47 nm-10 nm-32 nm and 71 nm-10 nm-60 nm, [...] Read more.
We numerically demonstrate one-way zero reflection using the transfer matrix method. Using simulations, we adjusted the thickness of SiO2 layers in a simple SiO2-Au-SiO2 layer structure. We found two solutions, 47 nm-10 nm-32 nm and 71 nm-10 nm-60 nm, which are the thicknesses for one-way zero reflection at a wavelength of 560 nm. We confirmed it with reflection spectra, where reflectance is zero for forwardly incident light and 2.5% for backwardly incident light at the wavelength 560 nm, and thickness 47 nm-10 nm-32 nm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in the Study of Light Propagation in Optical Fibers)
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