Targeted Alpha Therapy (TAT): Progress in Radionuclide Production, Radiochemistry and Applications

A special issue of Pharmaceuticals (ISSN 1424-8247). This special issue belongs to the section "Radiopharmaceutical Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 September 2023) | Viewed by 3083

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, F-44000 Nantes, France
Interests: targeted radionuclide therapy; radiopharmaceuticals; radiolabeling chemistry; nuclear medicine; molecular imaging; valorization and industrial development

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Guest Editor
1. Groupement d’Intérêt Public ARRONAX, 1 Rue Aronnax, F-44817 Saint-Herblain, France
2. Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, F-44000 Nantes, France
Interests: targeted radionuclide therapy; radiopharmaceuticals; radiolabeling chemistry; nuclear medicine; molecular imaging

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In addition to imaging purposes, nuclear medicine offers promising therapeutic options based on the specific irradiation of malignant cells. This application is illustrated by the general concept of targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) and applied by the use of radiopharmaceuticals which favor radionuclides able to transmit high energy to matter but with low penetration (e.g., b-, a- or Auger electron emitters).

The high linear energy transfer (LET) of a-emitters allows the emitted particle to directly impact the targeted tumor cells with high energy, causing DNA double-strand breaks. Contrary to single-strand DNA breaks induced by b- emitters, these damages have much lower probability of being repaired by cellular mechanisms, leading to cell death. That is why α-emitters are often reported to be more cytotoxic than b--emitters. Additionally, associated with the short path length, the risk of irradiation of healthy surrounding tissues is reduced, which is an advantage in terms of treatment toxicity. These specificities make α-emitters efficient for the treatment of small tumors or disseminated metastases and isolated cancer cells.

Among all the existing α-emitters, only few have suitable properties for potential clinical application. Although accessibility issues have hampered the development of radiopharmaceuticals for targeted alpha therapy (TAT), the better general knowledge acquired over the past few years has made α-emitters increasingly attractive. It is in this context that this Special Issue of Pharmaceuticals will be published, the main idea being to gather contributions in the form of research papers, short communications or review articles discussing radionuclides for TAT and covering production processes, radiochemistry or potential applications (preclinical, clinical and industrial).

Dr. Jean-François Gestin
Dr. Romain Eychenne
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • targeted alpha therapy, α-emitters
  • actinium-225
  • astatine-211
  • bismuth-212
  • bismuth-213
  • lead-212
  • radium-223
  • terbium-149
  • thorium-227
  • production
  • radiochemistry
  • dosimetry
  • preclinical application
  • clinical application
  • industrial application

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 3589 KiB  
Article
Pretargeted Alpha Therapy of Disseminated Cancer Combining Click Chemistry and Astatine-211
by Chiara Timperanza, Holger Jensen, Tom Bäck, Sture Lindegren and Emma Aneheim
Pharmaceuticals 2023, 16(4), 595; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16040595 - 15 Apr 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2354
Abstract
To enhance targeting efficacy in the radioimmunotherapy of disseminated cancer, several pretargeting strategies have been developed. In pretargeted radioimmunotherapy, the tumor is pretargeted with a modified monoclonal antibody that has an affinity for both tumor antigens and radiolabeled carriers. In this work, we [...] Read more.
To enhance targeting efficacy in the radioimmunotherapy of disseminated cancer, several pretargeting strategies have been developed. In pretargeted radioimmunotherapy, the tumor is pretargeted with a modified monoclonal antibody that has an affinity for both tumor antigens and radiolabeled carriers. In this work, we aimed to synthesize and evaluate poly-L-lysine-based effector molecules for pretargeting applications based on the tetrazine and trans-cyclooctene reaction using 211At for targeted alpha therapy and 125I as a surrogate for the imaging radionuclides 123, 124I. Poly-L-lysine in two sizes was functionalized with a prosthetic group, for the attachment of both radiohalogens, and tetrazine, to allow binding to the trans-cyclooctene-modified pretargeting agent, maintaining the structural integrity of the polymer. Radiolabeling resulted in a radiochemical yield of over 80% for astatinated poly-L-lysines and a range of 66–91% for iodinated poly-L-lysines. High specific astatine activity was achieved without affecting the stability of the radiopharmaceutical or the binding between tetrazine and transcyclooctene. Two sizes of poly-L-lysine were evaluated, which displayed similar blood clearance profiles in a pilot in vivo study. This work is a first step toward creating a pretargeting system optimized for targeted alpha therapy with 211At. Full article
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