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Pathogens
Special Issues
Sexually Transmitted Pathogens and Associated Infections, Diseases, Syndromes, and Complications
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Sexually Transmitted Pathogens and Associated Infections, Diseases, Syndromes, and Complications

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 June 2024) | Viewed by 1884

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Fangjian Guo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555, USA
Interests: HPV epidemiology and vaccination; COVID-19; cancer prevention; health economics; comparative effectiveness

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Many pathogens can be transmitted via sexual activities, including anal, oral, and vaginal sex. It is estimated that there are over 1 million newly acquired sexually transmitted infections (STIs) everyday worldwide, which have a profound impact on the health of people and the healthcare system. The eight highest-incidence STIs are syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, trichomoniasis, HBV, HSV, HIV, and HIV infections. The following sexually transmitted pathogens are of interest:

BACTERIA: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Treponema pallidum, Gardnerella vaginalis, Haemophilus ducreyi, Calymmatobacterium granulomatis, Shigella spp., Campylobacter spp., Neisseria meningitidis, Shigella sonnei.

VIRUSES: Human immunodeficiency virus, types 1 and 2; Herpes simplex virus; Human papillomavirus; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis A virus; Cytomegalovirus; Molluscum contagiosum virus; Human T-cell lymphotrophic virus, types I and II; Human herpes virus type 8; Monkeypox virus; Zika virus; Ebola virus.

PROTOZOA: Trichomonas vaginalis, Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia.

FUNGI: Candida albicans.

ECTOPARASITES: Phthirus pubis, Sarcoptes scabiei.

This Special Issue welcomes contributions (original research articles, reviews, short communications) to showcase where we are in terms of basic research, clinical and laboratory diagnostics; prevention, treatment and management; epidemiology; emerging trends; and the societal impacts of infections, diseases, syndromes, and complications associated with the aforementioned sexually transmitted pathogens.

Dr. Fangjian Guo
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Pathogens is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

7 pages, 257 KiB  
Communication
High Prevalence of Syphilis among Young Pregnant Women in the Brazilian Amazon: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on Clinical Records in a Public Health Reference Unit in the City of Belém
by Ana Paula Figueiredo de Montalvão França, Camille Massena de Sousa, Misma Suely Gonçalves Araújo de Lima, Ricardo Roberto de Souza Fonseca, Rogério Valois Laurentino, Jacqueline Cortinhas Monteiro, Rosimar Neris Mantins Feitosa, Leonardo Miranda dos Santos, Aldemir Branco Oliveira-Filho and Luiz Fernando Almeida Machado
Pathogens 2024, 13(8), 686; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13080686 - 14 Aug 2024
Viewed by 528
Abstract
Background: Syphilis remains a significant global public health concern, and one of its consequences in pregnant women is the potential occurrence of congenital syphilis due to Treponema pallidum infection. This study determined the prevalence of syphilis among pregnant women undergoing prenatal care in [...] Read more.
Background: Syphilis remains a significant global public health concern, and one of its consequences in pregnant women is the potential occurrence of congenital syphilis due to Treponema pallidum infection. This study determined the prevalence of syphilis among pregnant women undergoing prenatal care in a neighborhood on the outskirts of the city of Belém, Brazilian Amazon. Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from clinical records of 611 pregnant women who underwent prenatal care at a public health unit in 2019 and 2020. The reagent result for VDRL was used as an indicator of syphilis. Odds Ratio and chi-square tests were used to evaluate the association of information from pregnant women with syphilis. Results: The overall prevalence of syphilis was 5.2 % (32/611; 95 % CI: 3.5–7.0 %). Age under 23 years was identified as a risk factor for syphilis. Conclusions: The prevalence of syphilis among pregnant women in the outskirts of Belém is high, especially among younger women. There is an urgent need to intensify innovative sexual and reproductive health education initiatives and emphasize the importance of consistent practice of preventive measures against syphilis and other STIs in the Amazon region, especially in the young population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sexually Transmitted Pathogens and Associated Infections, Diseases, Syndromes, and Complications)
10 pages, 520 KiB  
Communication
Exposure to Treponema pallidum among Female Sex Workers: A Retrospective Study Conducted in the State of Pará, Brazilian Amazon
by Thaís Mayara da Silva Carvalho, Paula do Socorro de Oliveira da Costa Laurindo, Diogo Oliveira de Araújo, Ricardo Roberto de Souza Fonseca, Rogério Valois Laurentino, Jacqueline Cortinhas Monteiro, Rosimar Neris Mantins Feitosa, Fernando Augusto Miranda da Costa, Leonardo Miranda dos Santos, Aldemir Branco Oliveira-Filho and Luiz Fernando Almeida Machado
Pathogens 2024, 13(7), 559; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13070559 - 3 Jul 2024
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Abstract
Background: Syphilis remains a significant global public health issue, and female sex workers (FSWs) are highly vulnerable to the etiological agent of this disease. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of exposure to Treponema pallidum, as well as the vulnerability factors [...] Read more.
Background: Syphilis remains a significant global public health issue, and female sex workers (FSWs) are highly vulnerable to the etiological agent of this disease. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of exposure to Treponema pallidum, as well as the vulnerability factors among FSWs in the state of Pará, Brazilian Amazon. Methods: A cross-sectional, retrospective study involving 360 FSWs from five cities in Pará was conducted from 2005 to 2007. Blood samples were collected for treponemal and non-treponemal testing, and epidemiological information was obtained through interviews. Results: The exposure rate to T. pallidum was 37.7% (136/360), and the majority of FSWs had serological results indicating past exposure (21.1%). Among the FSWs exposed to T. pallidum, most of them were single, aged 23 to 42 years old, had less than 8 years of schooling, and had a family income of between 1 and 3 minimum wages. They reported using condoms during sexual intercourse and had no history of sexually transmitted infection (STI). Furthermore, many of the FSWs exposed to T. pallidum reported having more than 20 sexual partners per month, and had partners from other Brazilian states, but not from other countries. An age over 42 years and a reduced level of education were factors associated with exposure to T. pallidum. Finally, a high rate of exposure to T. pallidum among FSWs in the Brazilian state of Pará (from 2005 to 2007) was detected. In later years, epidemiological studies conducted with FSWs recorded that this rate remained high. Measures to control, treat, and prevent syphilis among FSWs were necessary between 2005 and 2007, and they are still imperative today. Actions related to educational programs and STI control, treatment, and prevention measures contained in Brazilian policies aimed at women’s health have not changed the vulnerability scenario of FSWs regarding their exposure to T. pallidum, even after 16 years, and must be reviewed and adapted to the conditions of the Brazilian Amazon. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sexually Transmitted Pathogens and Associated Infections, Diseases, Syndromes, and Complications)
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