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Gene–Diet Interactions and Obesity

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Obesity".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 October 2025 | Viewed by 645

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Molecular Oncology Group, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM + CSIC, E28049 Madrid, Spain
2. Cell Metabolism Unit, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM + CSIC, E28049 Madrid, Spain
Interests: precision nutrition; cancer metabolism; bioactive compounds; lipid metabolism; immunometabolism; meta-inflammation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is dedicated to exploring the intricate relationship between gene–diet interactions and obesity, bringing together cutting-edge research that delves into how genetic variations influence dietary responses and contribute to obesity, a global health challenge.

Obesity is a complex, multifactorial condition influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified numerous genetic variants associated with obesity, influencing various biological pathways, including appetite regulation, energy metabolism, and fat storage. Gene–diet interactions occur when the effects of dietary intake on obesity risk are modified by genetic factors. For example, individuals with certain genetic variants may be more susceptible to weight gain when consuming high-fat or high-sugar diets. Conversely, some genetic profiles may confer protection against obesity despite an obesogenic diet.

Epigenetics involves changes in gene expression that do not alter the DNA sequence but can be influenced by environmental factors, including diet. Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation and histone modification, can affect the genes involved in metabolism and fat storage.

Personalized nutrition aims to tailor dietary recommendations by integrating the individual’s genetic profile, nutritional status, and lifestyle aspects to provide more effective strategies for weight management and obesity prevention.

Scope and Topics

Understanding gene–diet interactions is essential for addressing the obesity epidemic. By considering genetic predispositions and dietary factors, researchers and healthcare providers can develop more effective personalized strategies for preventing and managing obesity.

We invite researchers to submit original research articles, reviews, and short communications that address, but are not limited to, the following topics:

  • Genetic Predisposition to Obesity: Studies on how specific genetic variants affect susceptibility to obesity.
  • Nutrigenomics: Research on how diet influences gene expression related to obesity.
  • Epigenetics and Obesity: Investigations into how dietary factors can cause epigenetic changes that impact obesity.
  • Personalized Nutrition: Development of dietary recommendations based on genetic profiles to prevent or manage obesity.

Mechanistic Insights: Experimental studies elucidating the biological pathways at the molecular and physiologic level through which diet and genes interact to influence obesity.

Dr. Marta Gómez de Cedrón
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • genetic predisposition to obesity
  • nutrigenomics
  • epigenetics
  • precision nutrition
  • molecular insights in gene–diet interactions influencing obesity

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

19 pages, 888 KiB  
Article
Sweet Taste Receptors’ Genetic Variability in Advanced Potential Targets of Obesity
by Sonia Wagner-Reguero, Lara P. Fernández, Gonzalo Colmenarejo, Silvia Cruz-Gil, Isabel Espinosa, Susana Molina, María Carmen Crespo, Elena Aguilar-Aguilar, Helena Marcos-Pasero, Rocío de la Iglesia, Viviana Loria-Kohen, Ricardo Ramos Ruiz, Moisés Laparra-Llopis, Ana Ramírez de Molina and Marta Gómez de Cedrón
Nutrients 2025, 17(10), 1712; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17101712 - 18 May 2025
Viewed by 440
Abstract
Background: Obesity, mainly visceral obesity, causes a low-grade of chronic inflammation (meta-inflammation), associated with comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and certain cancers. Precision Nutrition aims to understand the bidirectional crosstalk between the genome and diet to improve human health. [...] Read more.
Background: Obesity, mainly visceral obesity, causes a low-grade of chronic inflammation (meta-inflammation), associated with comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and certain cancers. Precision Nutrition aims to understand the bidirectional crosstalk between the genome and diet to improve human health. Additionally, by leveraging individual data, Precision Nutrition seeks to predict how people will respond to specific foods or dietary patterns, with the ultimate goal of providing personalized nutritional recommendations tailored to their unique needs and lifestyle factors, including poor dietary habits (e.g., high intake of sugar or saturated fatty acids, alcohol consumption, etc.) and sedentary habits, exacerbate obesity in genetically predisposed individuals. Genetic, metabolic, and environmental factors can play a crucial role during obesity. Objective: To investigate the effects of genetic variability in sweet taste receptors and their downstream signaling pathways in the gut–brain axis on anthropometry, biochemistry, and lifestyle variables. Methods: A sample of 676 volunteers (mean age of 42.22 ± 12 years, ranging from 18 to 73 years) from the database of the GENYAL platform for nutritional trials at the IMDEA Food Institute were included in this study. We present a first-in-class genetic chip, Glucosensing, designed to interrogate 25 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in genes encoding sweet taste receptors and components of downstream signaling pathways. These include elements of the gut–brain axis and its associated metabolic networks, enabling a comprehensive analysis of individual variability in sweet taste perception and metabolic responses. Results: Several significant associations were found after correction for multiple comparisons, representing potential targets for personalized interventions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gene–Diet Interactions and Obesity)
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