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Nutrition, Lifestyle and Health Outcomes in Older Adults

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Geriatric Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 November 2025 | Viewed by 749

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK
Interests: epidemiology and health care of chronic diseases including dementia; stroke and mental health
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The global population is aging rapidly. The number of people aged 60 years and older has reached 1.1 billion, and by 2050, this number will have doubled, comprising 25% of the population in the world. This demographic shift emphasizes the need for focused research on the health and well-being of older adults. Older adults are more susceptible to chronic conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cognitive decline. Nutrition and lifestyle choices play a critical role in the prevention and management of these conditions, and these are key determinants of the quality of life in older adults. Proper diet, physical activity, and social engagement can significantly enhance physical, mental, and emotional well-being, promoting healthy aging and independence. However, aging is often accompanied by physiological changes that affect nutrition (such as decreased appetite and digestive issues) and lifestyle (e.g., fewer physical activities), with malnutrition being a common concern in older adults, with this condition leading to frailty and a low body mass index (BMI). Therefore, the aim of this Special Issue is to both investigate how nutrition and lifestyle in older age affect health outcomes and address these challenges through research to improve health in older adults. Our Special Issue will publish papers that (1) investigate the determinants of nutrition and lifestyle in older adults, (2) explore the impacts of nutrition and lifestyle in older age on the risk of chronic diseases and quality of life, as well as the mechanisms of their impacts, (3) examine combined and interactive effects of nutrition and lifestyle on health outcomes in older populations, or (4) assess the impacts of nutrition and lifestyle on prognosis in older adults with chronic conditions.

Prof. Dr. Ruoling Chen
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • nutrition
  • lifestyle
  • older age
  • chronic diseases
  • mental health
  • quality of life
  • prognosis

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

19 pages, 549 KiB  
Article
Socioeconomic and Health-Related Determinants of Eating Habits in Polish Caucasian Older Population—The Nationwide PolSenior2 Study Results
by Hanna Kujawska-Danecka, Jolanta A. Dardzińska, Małgorzata Mossakowska, Monika Puzianowska-Kuźnicka, Aleksandra Kaluźniak-Szymanowska, Sylwia Małgorzewicz, Edyta Wernio and Jerzy Chudek
Nutrients 2025, 17(10), 1640; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17101640 - 11 May 2025
Viewed by 368
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Adherence to a healthy diet may increase the chance of healthy aging. This study’s objective was to evaluate the nutritional quality of the diet and socioeconomic and health-related correlations of adherence to a healthy diet in older individuals. Methods: This analysis was [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Adherence to a healthy diet may increase the chance of healthy aging. This study’s objective was to evaluate the nutritional quality of the diet and socioeconomic and health-related correlations of adherence to a healthy diet in older individuals. Methods: This analysis was part of the PolSenior2 project, which comprised 5987 respondents aged ≥60 years, representatives of the community-dwelling Polish population. Eating habits were categorized according to the Senior Healthy Diet Index (SHDI), with a score between 0 and 100 points, based on the 42-item food frequency questionnaire filled out by participants. Higher adherence to the SHDI was defined as fulfilling at least five components. Results: The mean SHDI score was significantly higher in women, 58.5 ± 11.7, compared to men (55.8 ± 11.8); p < 0.001. Only 0.7% of respondents were fully adherent to dietary recommendations (fulfilling at least eight of ten SHDI components). In univariate analysis, a lower prevalence of typical geriatric problems (functional impairment, dementia, depression, falls, frailty, visual impairment, lack of functional dentition) and an additional occurrence of diabetes, hypertension, and heart failure in men were significantly correlated with higher compliance with SHDI recommendations. According to multivariate regression analysis, female sex, higher education level, regular physical activity, functional dentition, diabetes, and the absence of depression or dementia were factors most strongly associated with better adherence to a healthy diet. Conclusions: Full adherence to dietary recommendations in Polish seniors is rare. Aging-related diseases correlate in various ways with better eating habits. Especially, men are more likely to choose a healthy diet when signs of deterioration appear. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition, Lifestyle and Health Outcomes in Older Adults)
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