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Nutrients
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Diet on Gut Health and Celiac Disease
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Diet on Gut Health and Celiac Disease

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutritional Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 September 2026 | Viewed by 4761

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Kofi Clarke

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graham H Jeffries Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
Interests: inflammatory bowel disease; celiac disease; graduate medical education

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The incidence and prevalence of celiac disease is increasing worldwide. There is a growing recognition of the associated challenges with managing celiac disease as well as associated clinical conditions. Associated clinical conditions span the spectrum of bone health, micronutrients and vitamin deficiencies, and other immune-mediated conditions, including diabetes and thyroid disease.

This issue aims to explore the potential role and possible effects of dietary components such as dietary fiber and prebiotics/probiotics on gut health and celiac disease. In addition, we will provide a comprehensive review of updated actions to ensure the quality of treatment, establishing a roadmap to excellent care.

Dr. Kofi Clarke
Guest Editor

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Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • vitamins
  • micronutrient deficiencies
  • dietary fiber content
  • bone health
  • prebiotics

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Review

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15 pages, 1397 KB  
Review
High-Quality Nutritional and Medical Care in Celiac Disease Follow-Up
by Anthony Kerbage, Claire Jansson-Knodell, Kendra Weekley, David Gardinier and Alberto Rubio-Tapia
Nutrients 2025, 17(22), 3530; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17223530 - 11 Nov 2025
Viewed by 1459
Abstract
Background: Celiac disease (CeD) is a chronic, immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically predisposed individuals. While a lifelong gluten-free diet (GFD) remains the cornerstone of treatment, inadequate follow-up can lead to persistent symptoms, nutritional deficiencies, and long-term complications. Aim: This narrative [...] Read more.
Background: Celiac disease (CeD) is a chronic, immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically predisposed individuals. While a lifelong gluten-free diet (GFD) remains the cornerstone of treatment, inadequate follow-up can lead to persistent symptoms, nutritional deficiencies, and long-term complications. Aim: This narrative review summarizes best practices in celiac disease follow-up, with emphasis on multidisciplinary, nutritional, clinical, and preventive care strategies to optimize long-term outcomes. Main Findings: High-quality follow-up requires coordinated care involving gastroenterologists, dietitians, primary care providers, and other specialists. Nutritional challenges of the GFD include high cost, limited fortification, suboptimal nutrient content, and increased risk of obesity and metabolic dysfunction. Patients also face psychosocial and behavioral burdens such as anxiety, social isolation, and disordered eating. Evidence-based strategies for follow-up include structured clinical and serologic monitoring, laboratory assessments, bone health evaluation, cancer risk reduction, and preventive care. Novel tools such as gluten immunogenic peptide testing, digital health platforms, and artificial intelligence are emerging as adjuncts to clinical management. Implications: Structured, patient-centered follow-up that integrates medical, nutritional, and psychosocial dimensions is essential to achieving mucosal healing, maintaining long-term health, and improving quality of life in individuals with CeD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet on Gut Health and Celiac Disease)
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12 pages, 404 KB  
Review
Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder in Celiac Disease
by Ridhima Kaul, Claire Jansson-Knodell, Madison L. Simons, Kendra Weekley, David Gardinier and Alberto Rubio-Tapia
Nutrients 2025, 17(20), 3197; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17203197 - 11 Oct 2025
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1738
Abstract
Celiac disease (CeD) is an autoimmune disorder where adherence to a lifelong gluten-free diet (GFD) is the only available treatment. While this approach is rather effective, some patients experience ongoing symptoms, and this factor, along with the rigidity of the GFD, may predispose [...] Read more.
Celiac disease (CeD) is an autoimmune disorder where adherence to a lifelong gluten-free diet (GFD) is the only available treatment. While this approach is rather effective, some patients experience ongoing symptoms, and this factor, along with the rigidity of the GFD, may predispose some to disordered eating behaviors, including Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID). ARFID is characterized by persistent food avoidance that is not driven by body image concerns, resulting in nutritional, psychological, and social impairment. This scoping literature review explores the emerging intersection between ARFID and CeD, examining prevalence, pathophysiology, clinical features, complications, and management strategies. Recent studies report that 14–57% of individuals with CeD may meet the criteria for ARFID, depending on the population and screening tools used. Factors contributing to ARFID in CeD may include ongoing gastrointestinal symptoms, anxiety over gluten exposure, negative conditioned responses to food, social challenges related to GFD adherence, and psychiatric co-morbidities. ARFID in CeD is associated with worsened nutritional deficiencies, anxiety, depression, and impaired social functioning, making the diagnosis of ARFID challenging due to symptom overlap with CeD and other psychiatric conditions. Management requires a multidisciplinary approach, including medical, nutritional, and psychological interventions. Routine screening, early intervention, and integrated care models may improve outcomes and quality of life. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet on Gut Health and Celiac Disease)
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Other

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7 pages, 1373 KB  
Brief Report
A Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Mental Health and Quality of Life as Predictors of College Physical Health, Mental Health, and Gluten-Free Diet Adherence in Celiac Disease
by Tierra L. Mosher, Lilly Jill Su, Javier A. López-Rivera, Ritu Verma, Kate Keenan and Hilary Jericho
Nutrients 2025, 17(22), 3568; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17223568 - 14 Nov 2025
Viewed by 1121
Abstract
Background/Objectives: To determine whether adolescent (T1) mental health, quality of life, and adjustment to celiac disease (CeD) are associated with college-age (T2) perceived physical and mental health and gluten-free diet (GFD) adherence. Methods: In 2015, adolescents with CeD (n = 101, T1) [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: To determine whether adolescent (T1) mental health, quality of life, and adjustment to celiac disease (CeD) are associated with college-age (T2) perceived physical and mental health and gluten-free diet (GFD) adherence. Methods: In 2015, adolescents with CeD (n = 101, T1) completed standardized surveys assessing mental health (CSI-4), quality of life (PedsQL), and adjustment to CeD (CDDUX). Five years later, participants ≥18 years self-reported GFD adherence and physical and mental health perception in college (n = 59, T2). Patients who were current or recent college students that provided complete data at both time points were analyzed (n = 43) using Kendall’s tau to test: concurrent associations among T2 perceived physical/mental health and GFD adherence; and prospective associations between T1 measures and T2 perceived outcomes. Results: Higher T1 CSI-4 and PedsQL scores were negatively correlated with T2 perceived physical health (τ = −0.31, p = 0.02 and τ = −0.28, p = 0.04, respectively). There was trending association between T1 PedsQL and T2 mental health perception (τ = −0.23, p = 0.06). T2 physical and mental health perception were positively correlated (τ = 0.41, p = 0.001). No significant associations emerged between T1 measures and T2 GFD adherence, nor between T2 health perception and GFD adherence, although T2 physical health perception positively trended with GFD adherence (p = 0.78). Conclusions: Adolescents with CeD reporting more depressive symptoms or lower quality of life feel less physically and mentally healthy when in college. In college, feeling physically healthy aligns with feeling mentally healthy, although neither clearly predicts GFD adherence. Early mental health screening in adolescents with CeD may support transitions to independent dietary management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet on Gut Health and Celiac Disease)
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