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Effects of Lactoferrin Supplementation on Inflammation, Immune Function and Prevention of Respiratory Infections

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutritional Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 September 2025) | Viewed by 1249

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Division of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Department of Maternal, Neonatal and Infant Medicine, University Hospital “Degli Infermi”, 13875 Ponderano, Italy
Interests: lactoferrin; supplementation; RSV; immunomodulation; neonates; inflammation; infection prevention; immune function; antimicrobial activity; respiratory infection
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor Assistant
Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Maternal, Neonatal and Infant Medicine, University Hospital “Degli Infermi”, 13875 Ponderano, Italy
Interests: lactoferrin; supplementation; RSV; immunomodulation; neonates; inflammation; infection prevention; immune function; antimicrobial activity; respiratory infection

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor Assistant
1. Division of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Department of Maternal, Neonatal and Infant Medicine, University Hospital “Degli Infermi”, 13875 Ponderano, Italy
2. Postgraduate School of Pediatrics, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
Interests: lactoferrin; supplementation; RSV; immunomodulation; neonates; inflammation; infection prevention; immune function; antimicrobial activity; respiratory infection

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Lactoferrin (LF) is a versatile glycoprotein naturally found in human milk (HM) and other secretions. Known for its antimicrobial, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties, it plays a crucial role in supporting the immune system, promoting gut maturation and protecting neonates—especially preterm infants—against severe infections like necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and late-onset sepsis (LOS). These benefits arise from its ability to chelate iron, limiting its availability to pathogens while enhancing host defenses and microbiota diversity.

Recent studies highlight lactoferrin’s antiviral effects, including its role in inhibiting viral entry during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and its capacity to modulate inflammation by regulating cytokine production and suppressing pro-inflammatory mediators.

Despite promising results, questions remain about the optimal dosage, timing of administration, usage together with probiotics or other drugs, and long-term safety. Further exploration is needed to establish guidelines for its routine use in clinical and preventive settings.

This Special Issue invites research on lactoferrin’s mechanisms, clinical applications, and potential to prevent infections and inflammation. We welcome original research, reviews and clinical studies exploring its nutritional and therapeutic benefits in diverse populations.

Prof. Dr. Paolo Manzoni
Guest Editor

Dr. Alessandro Messina
Dr. Cecilia Nobili
Guest Editor Assistants

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Keywords

  • lactoferrin
  • supplementation
  • RSV
  • immunomodulation
  • neonates
  • inflammation
  • infection prevention
  • immune function
  • antimicrobial activity
  • respiratory infection

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

11 pages, 224 KB  
Review
The Role of Lactoferrin in Modulating Inflammation and Preventing Preterm Birth: A Narrative Review
by Alessandro Messina, Safae El Motarajji, Bianca Masturzo and Paolo Manzoni
Nutrients 2025, 17(19), 3164; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17193164 - 7 Oct 2025
Viewed by 660
Abstract
Background: Preterm birth (PTB) remains a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Inflammatory cytokines, particularly IL-6, are central to PTB pathogenesis. Lactoferrin (LF), an iron-binding glycoprotein with antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties, has been proposed as a potential protective factor against PTB. [...] Read more.
Background: Preterm birth (PTB) remains a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Inflammatory cytokines, particularly IL-6, are central to PTB pathogenesis. Lactoferrin (LF), an iron-binding glycoprotein with antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties, has been proposed as a potential protective factor against PTB. This narrative review aimed to synthesize current evidence on LF supplementation and its effects on inflammation, cytokine modulation, biochemical markers, and obstetric outcomes related to PTB. Methods: Eight clinical studies involving pregnant women at risk of PTB were included. LF was administered orally, vaginally, or through combined regimens, with variations in dosage and duration. Reported outcomes encompassed inflammatory markers, cervical and uterine parameters, oxidative stress biomarkers, and obstetric or neonatal endpoints. Results: Across the studies, LF supplementation was consistently associated with reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, improvements in cervical length and uterine activity, and favorable changes in oxidative stress markers. Clinically, supplementation was linked with prolonged gestation, fewer preterm births, and reduced neonatal intensive care admissions. Immunological analyses further suggested a positive modulation of cytokine profiles in amniotic fluid. Conclusions: LF appears to exert multifaceted immunomodulatory effects that mitigate inflammation and support pregnancy maintenance. Although findings point to its potential role in PTB prevention, they should be interpreted with caution given the limited and heterogeneous evidence. Further large-scale, multicenter randomized trials are needed to confirm efficacy and to establish optimal dosage, route, and timing of administration. Full article
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