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Nutrients
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Dietary Patterns and Cognitive Function
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Dietary Patterns and Cognitive Function

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Public Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 October 2021) | Viewed by 8398

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Rafael De La Torre

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience Group, Neuroscience Programme, IMIM-Hospital del Mar Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
Interests: diet; physical activity; cognitive training/stimulation; dementia
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Antonio Verdejo-Garcia

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Psychological Sciences and Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
Interests: appetite; addiction; obesity; reward; congnitive
Dr. Laura Forcano

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience Group, Neurosciences Research Program, IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
Interests: mediterranean diet; clinical psychology; eating disorders; mental illness; cognitive behavioral therapy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Lifestyle behaviors are everyday activities that result from individual's knowledge, values and norms and are determined by broader cultural and socioeconomic contexts. These behaviors are reflective of continuous everyday choices we make during our lifetime, including those related to nutrition, and account for a large proportion of disease burden. Congruently, healthy lifestyle behaviors are the primary modifiable risk factors for prevention of chronic disease.

Nutrition is one of the lifestyle factors that has been shown to greatly impact cognition, playing an important role in cognitive function across an individual’s lifespan and may be key factor for healthy cognitive development, aging and/or slowing down pathological cognitive decline. 

There is increasing evidence linking certain dietary patterns (i.e., Mediterranean or DASH diets) to a neuroprotective effect that may potentially delay cognitive decline. Other lifestyle factors, such as physical activity, quality of sleep and cognitive stimulation/training, interact with nutrition, and results of dietary patterns should be evaluated considering these interrelationships.

Regarding nutrition, a step further is to start personalizing diets as a function of gender, microbiota composition, cultural and environmental behaviors, etc. Unraveling this issue may increase our understanding of the link between diet and cognitive performance along human lifespan and will potentially have a remarkable public health impact.

Prof. Dr. Rafael De La Torre
Prof. Dr. Antonio Verdejo-Garcia
Dr. Laura Forcano
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

9 pages, 980 KiB  
Article
Higher Habitual Nuts Consumption Is Associated with Better Cognitive Function among Qatari Adults
by Hajer Nafea, Omnia Abdelmegid, Sara Qaddourah, Zainab Abdulwahab, Joyce Moawad and Zumin Shi
Nutrients 2021, 13(10), 3580; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13103580 - 13 Oct 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 4496
Abstract
The association between nuts intake and cognitive function is inconclusive. We aimed to investigate the association between habitual nuts consumption and cognition among Qatari adults. Data from 1000 participants aged >20 years who attended Qatar Biobank (QBB) were used. Nuts consumption was assessed [...] Read more.
The association between nuts intake and cognitive function is inconclusive. We aimed to investigate the association between habitual nuts consumption and cognition among Qatari adults. Data from 1000 participants aged >20 years who attended Qatar Biobank (QBB) were used. Nuts consumption was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Blood samples were measured for magnesium, lipids and glucose. Mean reaction time (MRT) was used as an indicator of cognitive function. Linear regression was used to assess the association. A total of 21.1% of the participants reported consuming nuts ≥4–6 times/week (high consumption) while 40.2% reported consuming ≤1 time/month (low consumption). The mean MRT was 715.6 milliseconds (SD 204.1). An inverse association was found between nuts consumption and MRT. Compared to those with a low consumption, high consumption of nuts had a regression coefficient of −36.9 (95% CI −68.1 to −5.8) after adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. The inverse association between nuts and MRT was mainly seen among those >50 years. There was an interaction between nuts consumption and hypertension. The association between nuts consumption and MRT was not mediated by hypertension, diabetes, or serum magnesium. Habitual higher consumption of nuts is positively associated with cognitive function, especially among old adults. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Patterns and Cognitive Function)
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14 pages, 2350 KiB  
Article
The Hunger Games: Homeostatic State-Dependent Fluctuations in Disinhibition Measured with a Novel Gamified Test Battery
by Katharina Voigt, Emily Giddens, Romana Stark, Emma Frisch, Neda Moskovsky, Naomi Kakoschke, Julie C. Stout, Mark A. Bellgrove, Zane B. Andrews and Antonio Verdejo-Garcia
Nutrients 2021, 13(6), 2001; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13062001 - 10 Jun 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3291
Abstract
Food homeostatic states (hunger and satiety) influence the cognitive systems regulating impulsive responses, but the direction and specific mechanisms involved in this effect remain elusive. We examined how fasting, and satiety, affect cognitive mechanisms underpinning disinhibition using a novel framework and a gamified [...] Read more.
Food homeostatic states (hunger and satiety) influence the cognitive systems regulating impulsive responses, but the direction and specific mechanisms involved in this effect remain elusive. We examined how fasting, and satiety, affect cognitive mechanisms underpinning disinhibition using a novel framework and a gamified test-battery. Thirty-four participants completed the test-battery measuring three cognitive facets of disinhibition: attentional control, information gathering and monitoring of feedback, across two experimental sessions: one after overnight fasting and another after a standardised meal. Homeostatic state was assessed using subjective self-reports and biological markers (i.e., blood-derived liver-expressed antimicrobial protein 2 (LEAP-2), insulin and leptin). We found that participants who experienced greater subjective hunger during the satiety session were more impulsive in the information gathering task; results were not confounded by changes in mood or anxiety. Homeostatic state did not significantly influence disinhibition mechanisms linked to attentional control or feedback monitoring. However, we found a significant interaction between homeostatic state and LEAP-2 on attentional control, with higher LEAP-2 associated with faster reaction times in the fasted condition only. Our findings indicate lingering hunger after eating increases impulsive behaviour via reduced information gathering. These findings identify a novel mechanism that may underpin the tendency to overeat and/or engage in broader impulsive behaviours. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Patterns and Cognitive Function)
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