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Interconnected Pathways: The Associations of Insufficient Physical Activity and Unhealthy Diet with Students' Cardiometabolic and Mental Health Outcomes

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutritional Epidemiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 April 2026 | Viewed by 454

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Aging Research Center, Department Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
2. Instituto Superior de Educación Física, Universidad de la República, Rivera 40000, Uruguay
Interests: physical activity; nutrition; lifestyle behaviors; physical fitness; mental health; cardiometabolic health; epidemiology and public health

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Insufficient physical activity and unhealthy dietary habits are two major lifestyle risk factors affecting students’ cardiometabolic and mental health outcomes. As childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood are critical periods in establishing long-term health behaviors, understanding the individual and combined effects of these behaviors is essential in guiding prevention and intervention strategies.

For this Special Issue, we welcome epidemiological studies exploring the associations of physical inactivity and poor diet with outcomes such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular risk, depression, anxiety, and cognitive function. We encourage cross-sectional and longitudinal research assessing their prevalence, determinants, and trends across different student populations.

Additionally, we invite studies investigating the mechanistic pathways linking these behaviors to adverse health effects, as well as intervention-based research evaluating strategies to improve students’ physical activity and dietary habits. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses synthesizing current evidence are also encouraged.

By integrating findings from diverse perspectives, this Special Issue will enhance our understanding of these interconnected pathways and support the development of effective public health initiatives targeting students at different educational levels.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Prof. Dr. Arthur Eumann Mesas
Dr. Bruno Bizzozero Peroni
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • physical activity
  • physical fitness
  • nutrition
  • dietary habit
  • cardiometabolic health
  • cardiovascular risk
  • obesity
  • metabolic syndrome
  • mental health
  • depression
  • anxiety
  • cognitive function
  • academic achievement
  • epidemiological studies
  • public health

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 1594 KB  
Article
Eating Right, Sleeping Tight? A Cross-Sectional Study on the Student-Athlete Paradox for Diet and Sleep Behaviors
by Olga Papale, Emanuel Festino, Francesca Di Rocco, Marianna De Maio, Carl Foster, Cristina Cortis and Andrea Fusco
Nutrients 2025, 17(18), 2946; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17182946 - 12 Sep 2025
Viewed by 233
Abstract
Background: Student-athletes face the dual challenge of balancing academic and athletic commitments, which may simultaneously promote healthy lifestyle habits while increasing psychosocial and physiological stressors, particularly among female student-athletes. Understanding how these competing demands affect key behavioral (e.g., dietary habits, sleep, and chronotype) [...] Read more.
Background: Student-athletes face the dual challenge of balancing academic and athletic commitments, which may simultaneously promote healthy lifestyle habits while increasing psychosocial and physiological stressors, particularly among female student-athletes. Understanding how these competing demands affect key behavioral (e.g., dietary habits, sleep, and chronotype) and psychological (e.g., body image) factors is essential for supporting their overall well-being. Therefore, this cross-sectional study investigated body dissatisfaction, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, sleep quality, and chronotype in female student-athletes compared to sedentary peers. Methods: Twenty-eight female participants voluntarily participated in the study. Twelve volleyball student-athletes (age 21.6 ± 2.4 years) were assessed during their competitive in-season period, and sixteen non-athlete students with a high sitting time (age 24.0 ± 3.2 years) completed the Mediterranean Diet Adherence questionnaire (PREDIMED), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), and Body Image Dimensional Assessment (body dissatisfaction) to assess their overall well-being. Results: Student-athletes showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet (PREDIMED: 8.5 ± 1.5 score), although experiencing poorer sleep quality (PSQI: 6.8 ± 3.0 score) compared to non-athlete students with higher sitting times (PREDIMED: 6.7 ± 1.6 score; PSQI: 4.6 ± 2.3 score). Conversely, comparative body dissatisfaction was significantly higher in non-athlete students with a high sitting time (19.4 ± 24.5%) than in student-athletes (5.6 ± 10.5%). No significant differences emerged for chronotype or overall body dissatisfaction. Conclusions: These findings highlight a paradoxical health pattern in female student-athletes who combine healthier eating habits with poorer sleep quality. The results emphasize the importance of comprehensive wellness strategies that integrate dietary habits, sleep hygiene, and psychophysiological factors to better support female student-athletes in managing dual-career demands. Full article
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