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Nutrients
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Diet, Nutrition and Brain Health
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Diet, Nutrition and Brain Health

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Public Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 July 2025 | Viewed by 5915

Special Issue Editor

Dr. In-Seon Lee

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
Interests: integrative medicine; neuroscience; functional magnetic resonance imaging; functional dyspepsia; non-nutritive sweeteners; fat metabolism; food images

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are excited to announce a Special Issue of Nutrients titled "Diet, Nutrition and Brain Health". The connection between what we eat and how our brain functions is a topic of growing interest and importance. As our populations age and the prevalence of cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases increases, understanding these connections becomes ever more crucial.

This Special Issue aims to explore how various dietary patterns and specific nutrients can influence brain health. Evidence suggests that lifestyle factors such as physical activity and sleep have significant impacts on our cognitive functions. Furthermore, ongoing research continues to report associations between diet and various neurological conditions, including autism, ADHD, and dementia. These studies highlight the potential of dietary interventions to positively affect brain health across different life stages and conditions.

We are looking for comprehensive reviews and original research that delve into the following topics:

  • How diet and nutrition affect cognitive development and performance;
  • The mechanisms by which nutrients influence brain function and structure;
  • The effects of dietary patterns on age-related cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases;
  • The interplay between nutrition, physical activity, and sleep on brain health;
  • Epidemiological studies linking diet to brain health outcomes;
  • Clinical trials and experimental studies on nutritional interventions for brain health;
  • Systematic reviews, narrative reviews, scoping reviews, and meta-analyses on these topics.

We invite you to submit your latest research to this Special Issue. Your contributions will help us better understand how diet and nutrition can promote brain health and mitigate cognitive decline. We look forward to your submissions and the valuable insights they will bring to this exciting field.

Dr. In-Seon Lee
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • diet
  • nutrition
  • eating behavior
  • brain health
  • neural activity
  • nutrients and neuroimaging
  • cognitive function
  • cognitive development
  • brain structure
  • brain aging
  • neurodegenerative diseases

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 452 KiB  
Article
Effects of Protein Intake on Cognitive Function in Chinese Older Adults: A 10-Year Follow-Up Study
by Ting Zheng, Xiao Zheng, Shujuan Xiao, Benli Xue, Chengyu Chen, Yuyang Li, Xiyan Li and Chichen Zhang
Nutrients 2025, 17(2), 272; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17020272 - 13 Jan 2025
Viewed by 1426
Abstract
Background: As the global population ages, there is an increasing prevalence of mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Protecting and preserving cognitive function in older adults has become a critical public health concern. Methods: This study utilized data from four phases of the Chinese [...] Read more.
Background: As the global population ages, there is an increasing prevalence of mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Protecting and preserving cognitive function in older adults has become a critical public health concern. Methods: This study utilized data from four phases of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey conducted from 2008 to 2018, encompassing a total of 2454 participants. Latent growth curve modeling was employed to analyze the trajectory and role of protein intake frequency and cognitive function. Results: The frequency of protein intake among older adults tends to rise, with individuals exhibiting higher initial levels experiencing smaller subsequent increases. Conversely, cognitive function generally declines, with those starting at higher levels experiencing more pronounced decreases. Notably, the initial frequency of protein intake is positively correlated with the initial level of cognitive function (β = 0.227, 95% CI: 0.156 to 0.299, p < 0.001), but does not significantly influence the rate of change in cognitive function (β = −0.030, 95% CI: −0.068 to 0.009, p = 0.128). The rate of change in protein intake frequency is positively associated with the rate of change in cognitive function (β = 0.152, 95% CI: 0.023 to 0.280, p = 0.020). Conclusions: The alterations in protein intake frequency are linked to alterations in cognitive function among older adults. Maintaining a stable high frequency of protein intake or increasing the frequency of protein intake may contribute to stabilizing cognitive function as well as reducing the risk of cognitive impairment and dementia in older adults. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet, Nutrition and Brain Health)
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17 pages, 6152 KiB  
Article
Dietary N-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Intake and Brain Health in Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults
by Jiawei Gu, Yujia Bao, Yongxuan Li, Li Hua, Xiaobei Deng, Yuzheng Zhang, Xiaojun Zhu and Jinjun Ran
Nutrients 2024, 16(24), 4272; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16244272 - 11 Dec 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1763
Abstract
Background: Dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) plays a significant role in the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Since the neuroprotective effects of n-3 PUFA have been widely validated, the role of n-6 PUFA remains debated, with their underlying mechanisms still [...] Read more.
Background: Dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) plays a significant role in the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Since the neuroprotective effects of n-3 PUFA have been widely validated, the role of n-6 PUFA remains debated, with their underlying mechanisms still not fully understood. Methods: In this study, 169,295 participants from the UK Biobank were included to analyze the associations between dietary n-6 PUFA intake and neurodegenerative diseases using Cox regression models with full adjustments for potential confounders. In addition, multiple linear regression models were utilized to estimate the impact of n-6 PUFA intake on brain imaging phenotypes. Results: Results indicated that low dietary n-6 PUFA intake was associated with increased risks of incident dementia (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] = 1.30 [1.13, 1.49]), Parkinson’s disease (1.42 [1.16, 1.74]), and multiple sclerosis (1.65 [1.03, 2.65]). Moreover, the low intake was linked to diminished volumes of various brain structures, including the hippocampus (β [95% confidence interval] = −0.061 [−0.098, −0.025]), thalamus (−0.071 [−0.105, −0.037]), and others. White matter integrity was also found to be compromised in individuals with low n-6 PUFA intake. Conclusions: These findings enhanced our understanding of how dietary n-6 PUFA intake might affect neurological health, thereby providing epidemiological evidence for future clinical and public health interventions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet, Nutrition and Brain Health)
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12 pages, 996 KiB  
Article
Equol Nonproducing Status as an Independent Risk Factor for Acute Cardioembolic Stroke and Poor Functional Outcome
by Kotaro Noda, Yorito Hattori, Hiroaki Murata, Yoshihiro Kokubo, Aya Higashiyama and Masafumi Ihara
Nutrients 2024, 16(19), 3377; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16193377 - 4 Oct 2024
Viewed by 2184
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Equol has protective effects against coronary artery disease and dementia by strongly binding to estrogen receptor beta, whereas the intake of soy isoflavone alone does not always confer such protective effects. Equol production is completely dependent on the existence of equol-producing [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Equol has protective effects against coronary artery disease and dementia by strongly binding to estrogen receptor beta, whereas the intake of soy isoflavone alone does not always confer such protective effects. Equol production is completely dependent on the existence of equol-producing gut microbiota. The effects of equol-producing status on the cerebrovascular diseases remain unclear. The current study was aimed to investigate the association of equol-producing status with the development of stroke and its neurological prognosis. Methods: Frequencies of equol producers were compared between healthy subjects (HS) registered in the Suita Study and patients with acute stroke admitted to our stroke center from September 2019 to October 2021 in a retrospective cohort study. Results: The proportion of HSs and patients with ischemic stroke who were equol producers did not significantly differ (50/103 [48.5%] vs. 60/140 [42.9%], p = 0.38). However, cardioembolic stroke was significantly associated with low a prevalence of equol producers (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.21–0.99, p = 0.05). A higher left atrial volume index was observed in equol nonproducers (46.3 ± 23.8 vs. 36.0 ± 11.6 mL/m2, p = 0.06). The equol nonproducers had a significantly higher prevalence of atrial fibrillation than the equol producers (27.5% vs. 13.3%, p = 0.04). Furthermore, the equol producers exhibited a significantly favorable functional outcome upon discharge (aOR 2.84, 95% CI 1.20–6.75, p = 0.02). Conclusions: Equol is a promising candidate for interventions aiming to reduce the risk of CES and atrial dysfunction, such as atrial fibrillation and improve neurological prognosis after ischemic stroke. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet, Nutrition and Brain Health)
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