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Synthesis, Structures, and Applications of Electrospun Nanofibers

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A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Biology and Medicines".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 21121

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Special Issue Editor

Dr. Katayoon Kalantari

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Guest Editor

Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Interests: electrospun nanofibers; nanoparticles; tissue engineering; wound healing; green chemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recently, electrospun nanofibers have been used in a wide range of applications because of their large surface area to volume ratio and the unique nanometer scale architecture built by them. Electrospinning is a remarkably scalable, elegant, versatile, and simple technique that has been successfully used in numerous different types of natural and synthetic polymers. Nanofibers fabricated by electrospinning represent a new class of promising scaffolds to support tissue regeneration such as skin, ligament, and tendon, as well as vascular, muscle, and neural tissue. Moreover, electrospun nanofibers have been used in water filtration, catalyst, enzyme carriers, sensors, energy conversion, and storage. I invite authors to contribute original research articles or review articles covering the most recent progress and new developments in the design and utilization of electrospun nanofibers for novel devices and fundamental studies relevant to applications in energy, sensing, biomedical, and environmental engineering. This Special Issue aims to cover a broad range of subjects, from electrospun nanofiber synthesis to the design and characterization of their devices and technologies for a number of applications. The format of welcomed articles includes full papers, communications, and reviews.

Dr. Katayoon Kalantari
Guest Editor

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Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

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Keywords

electrospun nanofibers
tissue engineering
wound healing
renewable energy and sustainability
environmental remediation
biomedical sensors

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 5507 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Drug-Loaded Electrospun Poly(ε-Caprolactone) Mats for Therapeutic Application

by Alena Opálková Šišková, Mária Bučková, Zuzana Kroneková, Angela Kleinová, Štefan Nagy, Joanna Rydz, Andrej Opálek, Monika Sláviková and Anita Eckstein Andicsová

Nanomaterials 2021, 11(4), 922; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11040922 - 4 Apr 2021

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2717

Abstract

Diclofenac sodium salt (DSS)-loaded electrospun nanofiber mats on the base of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) were investigated as biocompatible nanofibrous mats for medical applications with the ability to inhibit bacterial infections. The paper presents the characteristics of fibrous mats made by electrospinning and determines the effect of medicament on the fiber morphology, chemical, mechanical and thermal properties, as well as wettability. PCL and DSS-loaded PCL nanofibrous mats were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, dynamic mechanical analysis, and contact angle measurements. Electron paramagnetic resonance measurements confirmed the lifetime of DSS before and after application of high voltage during the electrospinning process. In vitro biocompatibility was studied, and it was proved to be of good viability with ~92% of the diploid human cells culture line composed of lung fibroblast (MRC 5) after 48 h of incubation. Moreover, the significant activity of DSS-loaded nanofibers against cancer cells, Ca Ski and HeLa, was established as well. It was shown that 12.5% (m/V) is the minimal concentration for antibacterial activity when more than 99% of Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and 99% of Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) have been exterminated. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis, Structures, and Applications of Electrospun Nanofibers)

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16 pages, 7362 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperEditor’s ChoiceArticle

Benefits of Polyamide Nanofibrous Materials: Antibacterial Activity and Retention Ability for Staphylococcus Aureus

by Simona Lencova, Kamila Zdenkova, Vera Jencova, Katerina Demnerova, Klara Zemanova, Radka Kolackova, Kristyna Hozdova and Hana Stiborova

Nanomaterials 2021, 11(2), 480; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11020480 - 13 Feb 2021

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3605

Abstract

Although nanomaterials are used in many fields, little is known about the fundamental interactions between nanomaterials and microorganisms. To test antimicrobial properties and retention ability, 13 electrospun polyamide (PA) nanomaterials with different morphology and functionalization with various concentrations of AgNO₃ and chlorhexidine (CHX) were analyzed. Staphylococcus aureus CCM 4516 was used to verify the designed nanomaterials’ inhibition and permeability assays. All functionalized PAs suppressed bacterial growth, and the most effective antimicrobial nanomaterial was evaluated to be PA 12% with 4.0 wt% CHX (inhibition zones: 2.9 ± 0.2 mm; log₁₀ suppression: 8.9 ± 0.0; inhibitory rate: 100.0%). Furthermore, the long-term stability of all functionalized PAs was tested. These nanomaterials can be stored at least nine months after their preparation without losing their antibacterial effect. A filtration apparatus was constructed for testing the retention of PAs. All of the PAs effectively retained the filtered bacteria with log₁₀ removal of 3.3–6.8 and a retention rate of 96.7–100.0%. Surface density significantly influenced the retention efficiency of PAs (p ≤ 0.01), while the effect of fiber diameter was not confirmed (p ≥ 0.05). Due to their stability, retention, and antimicrobial properties, they can serve as a model for medical or filtration applications. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis, Structures, and Applications of Electrospun Nanofibers)

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11 pages, 3604 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO-TiO₂/Carbon Fiber Composite with Enhanced Photocatalytic Properties

by Bishweshwar Pant, Gunendra Prasad Ojha, Yun-Su Kuk, Oh Hoon Kwon, Yong Wan Park and Mira Park

Nanomaterials 2020, 10(10), 1960; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10101960 - 1 Oct 2020

Cited by 49 | Viewed by 3998

Abstract

Herein, we prepared a novel photocatalytic ZnO-TiO₂ loaded carbon nanofibers composites (ZnO-TiO₂-CNFs) via electrospinning technique followed by a hydrothermal process. At first, the electrospun TiO₂ NP-embedded carbon nanofibers (TiO₂-CNFs) were achieved using electrospinning and a carbonization process. Next, the ZnO particles were grown into the TiO₂-CNFs via hydrothermal treatment. The morphology, structure, and chemical compositions were studied using state-of-the-art techniques. The photocatalytic performance of the ZnO-TiO₂-CNFs composite was studied using degrading methylene blue (MB) under UV-light irradiation for three successive cycles. It was noticed that the ZnO-TiO₂-CNFs nanocomposite showed better MB removal properties than that of other formulations, which might be due to the synergistic effects of carbon nanofibers and utilized metal oxides (ZnO and TiO₂). The adsorption characteristic of carbon fibers and matched band potentials of ZnO and TiO₂ combinedly help to boost the overall photocatalytic performance of the ZnO-TiO₂-CNFs composite. The obtained results from this study indicated that it can be an economical and environmentally friendly photocatalyst. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis, Structures, and Applications of Electrospun Nanofibers)

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Review

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78 pages, 26055 KiB

Open AccessReview

Growth Mechanism of Micro/Nano Metal Dendrites and Cumulative Strategies for Countering Its Impacts in Metal Ion Batteries: A Review

by Brindha Ramasubramanian, M. V. Reddy, Karim Zaghib, Michel Armand and Seeram Ramakrishna

Nanomaterials 2021, 11(10), 2476; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11102476 - 22 Sep 2021

Cited by 35 | Viewed by 9796

Abstract

Metal-ion batteries are capable of delivering high energy density with a longer lifespan. However, they are subject to several issues limiting their utilization. One critical impediment is the budding and extension of solid protuberances on the anodic surface, which hinders the cell functionalities. These protuberances expand continuously during the cyclic processes, extending through the separator sheath and leading to electrical shorting. The progression of a protrusion relies on a number of in situ and ex situ factors that can be evaluated theoretically through modeling or via laboratory experimentation. However, it is essential to identify the dynamics and mechanism of protrusion outgrowth. This review article explores recent advances in alleviating metal dendrites in battery systems, specifically alkali metals. In detail, we address the challenges associated with battery breakdown, including the underlying mechanism of dendrite generation and swelling. We discuss the feasible solutions to mitigate the dendrites, as well as their pros and cons, highlighting future research directions. It is of great importance to analyze dendrite suppression within a pragmatic framework with synergy in order to discover a unique solution to ensure the viability of present (Li) and future-generation batteries (Na and K) for commercial use. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis, Structures, and Applications of Electrospun Nanofibers)

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