Nanomaterials

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15 pages, 7331 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of Nanoscale W Coating on Corrosion Behavior of Diamond/Aluminum Composites

by Ping Zhu, Qiang Zhang, Yixiao Xia, Kai Sun, Xiu Lin, Huasong Gou, Serge Shil’ko and Gaohui Wu

Nanomaterials 2023, 13(2), 307; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13020307 - 11 Jan 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1214

Abstract

The stability of diamond/aluminum composite is of significant importance for its extensive application. In this paper, the interface of diamond/aluminum composite was modified by adding nanoscale W coating on diamond surface. We evaluated the corrosion rate of nanoscale W-coated and uncoated diamond/aluminum composite [...] Read more.

The stability of diamond/aluminum composite is of significant importance for its extensive application. In this paper, the interface of diamond/aluminum composite was modified by adding nanoscale W coating on diamond surface. We evaluated the corrosion rate of nanoscale W-coated and uncoated diamond/aluminum composite by a full immersion test and polarization curve test and clarified the corrosion products and corrosion mechanism of the composite. The introduction of W nanoscale coating effectively reduces the corrosion rate of the diamond/aluminum composite. After corrosion, the bending strength and thermal conductivity of the nanoscale W-coated diamond/aluminum composite are considerably higher than those of the uncoated diamond/aluminum composite. The corrosion loss of the material is mainly related to the hydrolysis of the interface product Al₄C₃, accompanied by the corrosion of the matrix aluminum. Our work provides guidance for improving the life of electronic devices in corrosive environments. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal-Matrix Nanocomposites and Their Applications)

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17 pages, 6772 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Assessment of the Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of Mg-1Zn-0.6Ca/Diamond Nanocomposites for Biomedical Applications

by Hüseyin Şevik, Selma Özarslan and Hajo Dieringa

Nanomaterials 2022, 12(24), 4399; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12244399 - 9 Dec 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 897

Abstract

In this work, the microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion behavior of the Mg-1Zn-0.6Ca matrix alloy (ZX10), reinforced by adding various amounts of nanodiamond particles (0.5, 1, and 2 wt.%), prepared by the ultrasound-assisted stir-casting method, were investigated as they are deemed as potential [...] Read more.

In this work, the microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion behavior of the Mg-1Zn-0.6Ca matrix alloy (ZX10), reinforced by adding various amounts of nanodiamond particles (0.5, 1, and 2 wt.%), prepared by the ultrasound-assisted stir-casting method, were investigated as they are deemed as potential implant materials in biomedical applications. Microstructure, nanoindentation, mechanical tensile, immersion, and potentiodynamic polarization tests were performed for evaluating the influence of the addition of nanodiamond particles on the alloy’s mechanical and biocorrosion properties. The results revealed that the addition of nanodiamond particles causes a reduction in the alloy’s grain size. The alloy’s nanohardness and elastic modulus values increased when the amount of added nanodiamond particles were increased. The nanocomposite with an addition of 0.5% ND showed the best composition with regard to an acceptable corrosion rate as the corrosion rates are too high with higher additions of 1 or 2% NDs. At the same time, the yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation improved slightly compared to the matrix alloy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal-Matrix Nanocomposites and Their Applications)

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12 pages, 4253 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Influence of Extrusion Rate on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Magnesium Alloy AM60 and an AM60-Based Metal Matrix Nanocomposite

by Danai Giannopoulou, Jan Bohlen, Noomane Ben Khalifa and Hajo Dieringa

Nanomaterials 2022, 12(15), 2682; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12152682 - 4 Aug 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1203

Abstract

Metal matrix nanocomposites are attracting attention because of their great potential for improved mechanical properties and possible functionalization. These hybrid materials are often produced by casting processes, but they can also develop their property profile after hot working, e.g., by forging or extrusion. [...] Read more.

Metal matrix nanocomposites are attracting attention because of their great potential for improved mechanical properties and possible functionalization. These hybrid materials are often produced by casting processes, but they can also develop their property profile after hot working, e.g., by forging or extrusion. In this study, a commercial cast magnesium alloy AM60 was enriched with 1 wt.% AlN nanoparticles and extruded into round bars with varied extrusion rates. The same process was carried out with unreinforced AM60 in order to determine the influences of the AlN nanoparticles in direct comparison. The influence of extrusion speed on the recrystallization behavior as well the effect of nanoparticles on the microstructure evolution and the particle-related strengthening are discussed and assessed with respect to the resulting mechanical performance. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal-Matrix Nanocomposites and Their Applications)

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14 pages, 5353 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Dispersion and Preparation of Nano-AlN/AA6061 Composites by Pressure Infiltration Method

by Kai Sun, Ping Zhu, Pinliang Zhang, Qiang Zhang, Puzhen Shao, Zhijun Wang, Wenshu Yang, Dashuai Zhao, Martin Balog, Peter Krizik and Gaohui Wu

Nanomaterials 2022, 12(13), 2258; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12132258 - 30 Jun 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1327

Abstract

Nanomaterials play an important role in metal matrix composites (MMC). In this study, 3.0 wt.%, 6.0 wt.%, and 9.0 wt.% nano-AlN-particles-reinforced AA6061 (nano-AlN/AA6061) composites were successfully prepared by pressure infiltration technique and then hot extruded (HE) at 500 °C. The microstructural characterization of [...] Read more.

Nanomaterials play an important role in metal matrix composites (MMC). In this study, 3.0 wt.%, 6.0 wt.%, and 9.0 wt.% nano-AlN-particles-reinforced AA6061 (nano-AlN/AA6061) composites were successfully prepared by pressure infiltration technique and then hot extruded (HE) at 500 °C. The microstructural characterization of the composites after HE show that the grain structure of the Al matrix is significantly refined, varying from 2 to 20 μm down to 1 to 3 μm. Nano-AlN particles in the composites are agglomerated around the matrix, and the distribution of nano-AlN is improved after HE. The interface between AA6061 and nano-AlN is clean and smooth, without interface reaction products. The 3.0 wt.% nano-AlN/AA6061 composite shows an uppermost yield and supreme tensile strength of 333 MPa and 445 MPa, respectively. The results show that the deformation procedure of the composite is beneficial to the further dispersion of nano-AlN particles and improves the strength of nano-AlN/AA6061 composite. At the same time, the strengthening mechanism active in the composites was discussed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal-Matrix Nanocomposites and Their Applications)

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11 pages, 1135 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Manganese-Ferrite/Silver Nanocomposite Combined with Two Essential Oils

by Javiera Parada, Marcela Díaz, Edward Hermosilla, Joelis Vera, Gonzalo Tortella, Amedea B. Seabra, Andrés Quiroz, Emilio Hormazábal and Olga Rubilar

Nanomaterials 2022, 12(13), 2137; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12132137 - 22 Jun 2022

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1859

Abstract

The antimicrobial activity of metal nanoparticles obtained by biogenic routes has been extensively reported. However, their combined use with other antimicrobial formulations, such as essential oils, remains scarcely explored. In this work, a manganese-ferrite/silver nanocomposite (MnFe₂O₄/Ag-NC) was synthesized in [...] Read more.

The antimicrobial activity of metal nanoparticles obtained by biogenic routes has been extensively reported. However, their combined use with other antimicrobial formulations, such as essential oils, remains scarcely explored. In this work, a manganese-ferrite/silver nanocomposite (MnFe₂O₄/Ag-NC) was synthesized in a two-step procedure: first, MnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles were produced by a coprecipitation method, followed by in situ biogenic reduction of silver ions using Galega officinalis. MnFe₂O₄/Ag-NC was characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray analyzer (SEM-EDX), and a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM-SQUID). The antibacterial activity if MnFe₂O₄/Ag-NC was evaluated against Pseudomonas syringae by determining its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in the presence of two essential oils: eucalyptus oil (EO) and garlic oil (GO). The fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) was also calculated to determine the interaction between MnFe₂O₄/Ag-NC and each oil. The MIC of MnFe₂O₄/Ag-NC was eightfold reduced with the two essential oils (from 20 to 2.5 µg mL⁻¹). However, the interaction with EO was synergistic (FIC: 0.5), whereas the interaction with GO was additive (FIC: 0.75). Additionally, a time-kill curve analysis was performed, wherein the MIC of the combination of MnFe₂O₄/Ag-NC and EO provoked a rapid bactericidal effect, corroborating a strong synergism. These findings suggest that by combining MnFe₂O₄/Ag-NC with essential oils, the necessary ratio of the nanocomposite to control phytopathogens can be reduced, thus minimizing the environmental release of silver. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal-Matrix Nanocomposites and Their Applications)

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17 pages, 6645 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Enhancing the Strengthening Effect of Graphene-Nanoplates in Al Matrix Composites by Heterogeneous Matrix Design

by Puzhen Shao, Kai Sun, Ping Zhu, Kai Liu, Qiang Zhang, Wenshu Yang, Zhijun Wang, Ming Sun, Dingyue Zhang, Sergey Kidalov, Haiying Xiao and Gaohui Wu

Nanomaterials 2022, 12(11), 1833; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12111833 - 27 May 2022

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1544

Abstract

In the present work, the properties of graphene-nanoplates/aluminum (GNPs/Al) composites with a heterogeneous matrix design were investigated. The advantage of the heterogeneous matrix was investigated by the finite element method. Then, 0.6 wt.% (GNPs/6061Al)/2024Al (heterogeneous matrix) and 0.6 wt.% GNPs/6061Al composites were prepared [...] Read more.

In the present work, the properties of graphene-nanoplates/aluminum (GNPs/Al) composites with a heterogeneous matrix design were investigated. The advantage of the heterogeneous matrix was investigated by the finite element method. Then, 0.6 wt.% (GNPs/6061Al)/2024Al (heterogeneous matrix) and 0.6 wt.% GNPs/6061Al composites were prepared by ball milling, pressure infiltration technology, and hot extrusion. The aggregation of GNPs was eliminated and the interlayer slide of GNPs was observed. Mechanical property test results show that the mechanical properties of the heterogeneous matrix composite are better than that of a homogeneous matrix composite, including strength, elastic modulus, and plasticity. It is assumed that the heterogeneous matrix design enhances the non-uniform stress field during the deformation treatment. This improves the dispersion of GNPs, grain refinement, and produces the few-layer graphene (FLG), thus enhancing the strengthening effect of GNPs. Meanwhile, heterogeneous matrix design is thought to introduce more hardening mechanisms to increase the plasticity of materials and improve the intrinsic trade-off of strength and toughness. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal-Matrix Nanocomposites and Their Applications)

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13 pages, 7024 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Investigation of the Mechanical Behavior of Synthesized Al6061/TiO₂ Microcomposites Using an Innovative Stir Casting Method

by A. H. Badran, Turki Alamro, Rabeea W. Bazuhair, Ahmed Ali Gad El-Mawla, S. Z. El-Adben and Ahmed Fouly

Nanomaterials 2022, 12(10), 1646; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12101646 - 12 May 2022

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 1902

Abstract

Aluminum composites are preferred in many kinds of applications such as aviation, space, automotive, and marine, owing to their outstanding properties, high strength, and corrosion resistance. The main objective of the current study is to evaluate the mechanical properties of aluminum alloy 6061/titanium [...] Read more.

Aluminum composites are preferred in many kinds of applications such as aviation, space, automotive, and marine, owing to their outstanding properties, high strength, and corrosion resistance. The main objective of the current study is to evaluate the mechanical properties of aluminum alloy 6061/titanium dioxide (micro-TiO₂) microcomposite synthesized using the stir casting method. The effects of changes in stir casting parameters, such as stirring speed and tiring durations, were studied. Al6061 matrix was reinforced with micro-TiO₂ particles with weight fractions of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 wt.%. Microstructural and chemical analyses were conducted to explore microstructural transformation resulting from the presence of the TiO₂ microparticles. The mechanical characteristics were evaluated, and the results showed a considerable enhancement in the mechanical strength and hardness resulting from the incorporation of micro-TiO₂ into Al606. The additions of 2 wt.% and 5 wt.% of micro-TiO₂ recorded the highest ultimate tensile strength and hardness, respectively. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal-Matrix Nanocomposites and Their Applications)

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14 pages, 4782 KiB

Open AccessArticle

In Vitro Degradability, Microstructural Evaluation, and Biocompatibility of Zn-Ti-Cu-Ca-P Alloy

by Navaneethakrishnan Gopal, Parameswaran Palaniyandi, Palanisamy Ramasamy, Hitesh Panchal, Ahmed Mohamed Mahmoud Ibrahim, Mohammad S. Alsoufi and Ammar H. Elsheikh

Nanomaterials 2022, 12(8), 1357; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12081357 - 15 Apr 2022

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1792

Abstract

According to the modern era, zinc is one of the best replacements for human bio-implants due to its acceptable degradation, nominal degradable rate, and biocompatibility. However, alloying zinc with other nutrient metals is mandatory to improve the mechanical properties. In this research, Zn-4Ti-4Cu [...] Read more.

According to the modern era, zinc is one of the best replacements for human bio-implants due to its acceptable degradation, nominal degradable rate, and biocompatibility. However, alloying zinc with other nutrient metals is mandatory to improve the mechanical properties. In this research, Zn-4Ti-4Cu was alloyed with calcium and phosphorous through a powder metallurgical process to make guided bone regeneration (GBR). First, the sintering temperature of the alloy was found with the usage of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Tensile and compression tests showed the suitability of the alloy in strength. The microstructural characteristics were provided with EDS and SEM. The different phases of the alloy were detected with X-ray diffraction (XRD). We can clearly depict the precipitates formed and the strengthening mechanism due to titanium addition. An electrochemical corrosion (ECM) test was carried out with simulated body fluid (Hank’s solution) as the electrolyte. Cytotoxicity, biocompatibility, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance properties were studied and discussed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal-Matrix Nanocomposites and Their Applications)

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