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Nanomaterials
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Advanced Gas Sensors Developed by Nanocomposites
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Advanced Gas Sensors Developed by Nanocomposites

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanoelectronics, Nanosensors and Devices".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 7386

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jianliang Cao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
Interests: gas sensing materials; gas sensing mechanism; gas sensor; metal oxide semiconductor; nanocomposites; nanostructure materials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Yan Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Safety Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
Interests: gas sensing materials; sensing mechanism; nanocomposites; density functional theory calculation; gas explosion suppression
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Gaojie Li

E-Mail Website
Assistant Guest Editor
School of Physics and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
Interests: gas sensor; metal oxide semiconductor; precious metal nanocrystals; composite materials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With the continuous development of artificial intelligence and the internet of things, the gas sensor market, as an important part, has also developed rapidly. However, the performance of gas sensors needs to be improved to meet the actual needs. Advanced nanocomposites provide a solution to achieve this goal. It is well known that the structure and composition of materials are the main factors that affect the gas sensing performance. Therefore, composite materials can be used to effectively improve the sensitive properties not only by designing the size and morphology of materials, but also by controlling the composition and proportion of materials. However, the mechanism of composite materials that improves gas sensing performance is not particularly clear and requires the joint efforts of researchers.  DFT simulation and advanced characterization methods may be used to study the gas sensing mechanism, which can guide the design of sensitive materials.

This Special Issue aims to cover the recent progress in advanced gas sensors developed by nanocomposites. In this Special Issue, original research articles, communications and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • Synthesis of nanocomposites;
  • New nanocomposites for gas sensing;
  • Advanced sensing devices;
  • DFT calculations for gas sensing mechanism;
  • Advanced gas sensors for safety, health, and environmental protection applications.

Dr. Jianliang Cao
Dr. Wang Yan
Guest Editors

Dr. Gaojie Li
Assistant Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanostructure(s)
  • nanocomposites
  • heterojunction composite
  • advanced preparation technology
  • advanced gas sensor
  • DFT calculation
  • gas sensing mechanism

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 6577 KiB  
Article
Towards Low Temperature Operation of Catalytic Gas Sensors: Mesoporous Co3O4-Supported Au–Pd Nanoparticles as Functional Material
by Xuemeng Lyu, Haitao Gao, Patrick Diehle, Frank Altmann, Katrin Schmitt, Karina Tarantik and Jürgen Wöllenstein
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(15), 2192; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13152192 - 27 Jul 2023
Viewed by 905
Abstract
It is shown that the operating temperature of pellistors for the detection of methane can be reduced to 300 °C by using Au–Pd nanoparticles on mesoporous cobalt oxide (Au–Pd@meso-Co3O4). The aim is to reduce possible catalyst poisoning that occurs [...] Read more.
It is shown that the operating temperature of pellistors for the detection of methane can be reduced to 300 °C by using Au–Pd nanoparticles on mesoporous cobalt oxide (Au–Pd@meso-Co3O4). The aim is to reduce possible catalyst poisoning that occurs during the high-temperature operation of conventional Pd-based pellistors, which are usually operated at 450 °C or higher. The individual role of Au–Pd as well as Co3O4 in terms of their catalytic activity has been investigated. Above 300 °C, Au–Pd bimetallic particles are mainly responsible for the catalytic combustion of methane. However, below 300 °C, only the Co3O4 has a catalytic effect. In contrast to methane, the sensor response and the temperature increase of the sensor under propane exposure is much larger than for methane due to the larger heat of combustion of propane. Due to its lower activation energy requirement, propane exhibits a higher propensity for oxidation compared to methane. As a result, the detection of propane can be achieved at even lower temperatures due to its enhanced reactivity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Gas Sensors Developed by Nanocomposites)
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12 pages, 4660 KiB  
Article
Investigation of High-Sensitivity NO2 Gas Sensors with Ga2O3 Nanorod Sensing Membrane Grown by Hydrothermal Synthesis Method
by Shao-Yu Chu, Mu-Ju Wu, Tsung-Han Yeh, Ching-Ting Lee and Hsin-Ying Lee
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(6), 1064; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13061064 - 15 Mar 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1704
Abstract
In this work, Ga2O3 nanorods were converted from GaOOH nanorods grown using the hydrothermal synthesis method as the sensing membranes of NO2 gas sensors. Since a sensing membrane with a high surface-to-volume ratio is a very important issue for [...] Read more.
In this work, Ga2O3 nanorods were converted from GaOOH nanorods grown using the hydrothermal synthesis method as the sensing membranes of NO2 gas sensors. Since a sensing membrane with a high surface-to-volume ratio is a very important issue for gas sensors, the thickness of the seed layer and the concentrations of the hydrothermal precursor gallium nitrate nonahydrate (Ga(NO3)3·9H2O) and hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) were optimized to achieve a high surface-to-volume ratio in the GaOOH nanorods. The results showed that the largest surface-to-volume ratio of the GaOOH nanorods could be obtained using the 50-nm-thick SnO2 seed layer and the Ga(NO3)3·9H2O/HMT concentration of 12 mM/10 mM. In addition, the GaOOH nanorods were converted to Ga2O3 nanorods by thermal annealing in a pure N2 ambient atmosphere for 2 h at various temperatures of 300 °C, 400 °C, and 500 °C, respectively. Compared with the Ga2O3 nanorod sensing membranes annealed at 300 °C and 500 °C, the NO2 gas sensors using the 400 °C-annealed Ga2O3 nanorod sensing membrane exhibited optimal responsivity of 1184.6%, a response time of 63.6 s, and a recovery time of 135.7 s at a NO2 concentration of 10 ppm. The low NO2 concentration of 100 ppb could be detected by the Ga2O3 nanorod-structured NO2 gas sensors and the achieved responsivity was 34.2%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Gas Sensors Developed by Nanocomposites)
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13 pages, 5015 KiB  
Article
Pd/Pt-Bimetallic-Nanoparticle-Doped In2O3 Hollow Microspheres for Rapid and Sensitive H2S Sensing at Low Temperature
by Kaisheng Jiang, Tingting Chen, Jianhai Sun, Hao Quan and Tianye Zhou
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(4), 668; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13040668 - 8 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1229
Abstract
H2S is a poisonous gas that is widespread in nature and human activities. Its rapid and sensitive detection is essential to prevent it from damaging health. Herein, we report Pd- and Pt-bimetallic-nanoparticle-doped In2O3 hollow microspheres that are synthesized [...] Read more.
H2S is a poisonous gas that is widespread in nature and human activities. Its rapid and sensitive detection is essential to prevent it from damaging health. Herein, we report Pd- and Pt-bimetallic-nanoparticle-doped In2O3 hollow microspheres that are synthesized using solvothermal and in situ reduction methods for H2S detection. The structure of as-synthesized 1 at% Pd/Pt-In2O3 comprises porous hollow microspheres assembled from In2O3 nanosheets with Pd and Pt bimetallic nanoparticles loaded on its surface. The response of 1 at% Pd/Pt-In2O3 to 5 ppm H2S is 140 (70 times that of pure In2O3), and the response time is 3 s at a low temperature of 50 °C. In addition, it can detect trace H2S (as low as 50 ppb) and has superior selectivity and an excellent anti-interference ability. These outstanding gas-sensing performances of 1 at% Pd/Pt-In2O3 are attributed to the chemical sensitization of Pt, the electronic sensitization of Pd, and the synergistic effect between them. This work supplements the research of In2O3-based H2S sensors and proves that Pd- and Pt-bimetallic-doped In2O3 can be applied in the detection of H2S. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Gas Sensors Developed by Nanocomposites)
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13 pages, 7076 KiB  
Article
High-Performance Ppb Level NO2 Gas Sensor Based on Colloidal SnO2 Quantum Wires/Ti3C2Tx MXene Composite
by Baohui Zhang, Chong Li, Min Li, Chen Fu, Ran Tao, Honglang Li and Jingting Luo
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(24), 4464; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12244464 - 15 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1355
Abstract
Nitrogen dioxide is one origin of air pollution from fossil fuels with the potential to cause great harm to human health in low concentrations. Therefore, low-cost, low-power-consumption sensors for low-concentration NO2 detection are essential. Herein, heterojunction by SnO2 quantum wires, a [...] Read more.
Nitrogen dioxide is one origin of air pollution from fossil fuels with the potential to cause great harm to human health in low concentrations. Therefore, low-cost, low-power-consumption sensors for low-concentration NO2 detection are essential. Herein, heterojunction by SnO2 quantum wires, a traditional metal oxide NO2 sensing material, and Ti3C2Tx MXene, a novel type of 2D layered material, was synthesized using a simple solvothermal method for enhancing gas-sensing performance and reducing operating temperature. The operating temperature was reduced to 80 °C, with a best performance of 27.8 and a fast response and recovery time (11 s and 23 s, respectively). The SnO2 and Ti3C2Tx MXene composite exhibits high speed and low detection limit due to the construction of the heterojunction with high conductive Ti3C2Tx MXene. The selectivity and stability of gas sensors are carried out. This could enable the realization of fast response, high-sensitivity, and selective NO2 sensing under low operating temperatures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Gas Sensors Developed by Nanocomposites)
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Review

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46 pages, 5702 KiB  
Review
Recent Progress in Spinel Ferrite (MFe2O4) Chemiresistive Based Gas Sensors
by Run Zhang, Cong Qin, Hari Bala, Yan Wang and Jianliang Cao
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(15), 2188; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13152188 - 27 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1587
Abstract
Gas-sensing technology has gained significant attention in recent years due to the increasing concern for environmental safety and human health caused by reactive gases. In particular, spinel ferrite (MFe2O4), a metal oxide semiconductor with a spinel structure, has emerged [...] Read more.
Gas-sensing technology has gained significant attention in recent years due to the increasing concern for environmental safety and human health caused by reactive gases. In particular, spinel ferrite (MFe2O4), a metal oxide semiconductor with a spinel structure, has emerged as a promising material for gas-sensing applications. This review article aims to provide an overview of the latest developments in spinel-ferrite-based gas sensors. It begins by discussing the gas-sensing mechanism of spinel ferrite sensors, which involves the interaction between the target gas molecules and the surface of the sensor material. The unique properties of spinel ferrite, such as its high surface area, tunable bandgap, and excellent stability, contribute to its gas-sensing capabilities. The article then delves into recent advancements in gas sensors based on spinel ferrite, focusing on various aspects such as microstructures, element doping, and heterostructure materials. The microstructure of spinel ferrite can be tailored to enhance the gas-sensing performance by controlling factors such as the grain size, porosity, and surface area. Element doping, such as incorporating transition metal ions, can further enhance the gas-sensing properties by modifying the electronic structure and surface chemistry of the sensor material. Additionally, the integration of spinel ferrite with other semiconductors in heterostructure configurations has shown potential for improving the selectivity and overall sensing performance. Furthermore, the article suggests that the combination of spinel ferrite and semiconductors can enhance the selectivity, stability, and sensing performance of gas sensors at room or low temperatures. This is particularly important for practical applications where real-time and accurate gas detection is crucial. In conclusion, this review highlights the potential of spinel-ferrite-based gas sensors and provides insights into the latest advancements in this field. The combination of spinel ferrite with other materials and the optimization of sensor parameters offer opportunities for the development of highly efficient and reliable gas-sensing devices for early detection and warning systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Gas Sensors Developed by Nanocomposites)
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