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Construction and Characterization of Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors Modified with...
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Construction and Characterization of Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors Modified with Nanomaterials

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 May 2024) | Viewed by 10292

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Priyabrata Banerjee

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Surface Engineering and Tribology Group, CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute (CMERI) Durgapur, West Bengal, India
Interests: electrochemical sensors; biosensors; nanomaterials; structural characterization; biological applications; environmental applications

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Electrochemical biosensors are contemplated as a preeminent subset of chemical sensors which have attracted considerable attention of the scientific community owing to their selective as well as prompt response towards targeted analytes, simplicity in design, devoid of cumbersome sample preparation procedures, and user affability. These types of sensors have opened a brighter avenue with many opportunities for disease diagnostics and frequent monitoring of human health status. Characteristically, electrochemical biosensors are the integration of three essential components which are the bio-recognition component for specific detection of any targeted analyte, a signal transducer generating a measurable response from the interaction of the targeted analyte with the bio-recognition component, and an electronic system for data administration.

Various electrochemical detection techniques, such as potentiometry, chronoamperometry, voltammetry, impedance analysis, field effect transistor (FET), etc. can be implemented for point of care (POC) based devices aligned to personalized healthcare management in the present century. Researchers are in quest of innovative materials for escalating the electrochemical performance of the devices in terms of improved recognition efficacy and detection limits (LODs). Recent trends in utilizing nanoscopic materials including in situ generated nanoparticles, nanotubes, nanowires, nano MOFs, nanopores, self-adhesive monolayers, quantum dots, nanocomposites, etc. can be improvised for the development of unprecedented electrochemical biosensors, an enigmatic offer of delivering the next-generation promising alternative in contemporary domain compare to existing conventional detection portfolios. In the realm of nanotechnology, advancement and versatilities in unconventional nanomaterials-based electrochemical signal amplifications have the flagship journey in order to touch the milestones which could have tremendous potential of escalating both sensitivity and selectivity of relevant sensors as well as biosensors in an impeccable stage. Furthermore, targeted advanced functional materials of the present century can impact a synergic effect in terms of catalytic activity, conductivity, and biocompatibility to accelerate signal transduction as well as in recognition events, ultimately invoking impact on amplifying bio-recognition events leading to highly sensitive biosensing. Tailor-make design of diverse nano-edifices can be developed to improve the performance as well as efficiency of dreamed sensors. Moreover, significant research in the contemporary domain based on the construction of nanocluster-modified electrode materials, coupled with numerous electrochemical methods, is advancing and spreading the potential application of electrochemical devices to a greater extent. The amalgamation of advanced features in a sensory system exhibits the key emergence in terms of high sensitivity as well as selectivity toward discerning detection of toxic gases, chemicals, biological metabolites, lethal ions, light, heat, etc. in consequence of their deadly environmental and biological impact.

Dr. Priyabrata Banerjee
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • electrochemical sensors
  • biosensors
  • nanomaterials
  • structural characterization
  • biological applications
  • environmental applications

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

56 pages, 15384 KiB  
Review
Electrochemical Nanosensors for Sensitization of Sweat Metabolites: From Concept Mapping to Personalized Health Monitoring
by Riyanka Das, Somrita Nag and Priyabrata Banerjee
Molecules 2023, 28(3), 1259; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28031259 - 27 Jan 2023
Cited by 29 | Viewed by 5746
Abstract
Sweat contains a broad range of important biomarkers, which may be beneficial for acquiring non-invasive biochemical information on human health status. Therefore, highly selective and sensitive electrochemical nanosensors for the non-invasive detection of sweat metabolites have turned into a flourishing contender in the [...] Read more.
Sweat contains a broad range of important biomarkers, which may be beneficial for acquiring non-invasive biochemical information on human health status. Therefore, highly selective and sensitive electrochemical nanosensors for the non-invasive detection of sweat metabolites have turned into a flourishing contender in the frontier of disease diagnosis. A large surface area, excellent electrocatalytic behavior and conductive properties make nanomaterials promising sensor materials for target-specific detection. Carbon-based nanomaterials (e.g., CNT, carbon quantum dots, and graphene), noble metals (e.g., Au and Pt), and metal oxide nanomaterials (e.g., ZnO, MnO2, and NiO) are widely used for modifying the working electrodes of electrochemical sensors, which may then be further functionalized with requisite enzymes for targeted detection. In the present review, recent developments (2018–2022) of electrochemical nanosensors by both enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic sensors for the effectual detection of sweat metabolites (e.g., glucose, ascorbic acid, lactate, urea/uric acid, ethanol and drug metabolites) have been comprehensively reviewed. Along with this, electrochemical sensing principles, including potentiometry, amperometry, CV, DPV, SWV and EIS have been briefly presented in the present review for a conceptual understanding of the sensing mechanisms. The detection thresholds (in the range of mM–nM), sensitivities, linear dynamic ranges and sensing modalities have also been properly addressed for a systematic understanding of the judicious design of more effective sensors. One step ahead, in the present review, current trends of flexible wearable electrochemical sensors in the form of eyeglasses, tattoos, gloves, patches, headbands, wrist bands, etc., have also been briefly summarized, which are beneficial for on-body in situ measurement of the targeted sweat metabolites. On-body monitoring of sweat metabolites via wireless data transmission has also been addressed. Finally, the gaps in the ongoing research endeavors, unmet challenges, outlooks and future prospects have also been discussed for the development of advanced non-invasive self-health-care-monitoring devices in the near future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Construction and Characterization of Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors Modified with Nanomaterials)
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Graphical abstract

40 pages, 7713 KiB  
Review
Development and Application of Ruthenium(II) and Iridium(III) Based Complexes for Anion Sensing
by Ambreen Rashid, Sahidul Mondal and Pradyut Ghosh
Molecules 2023, 28(3), 1231; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28031231 - 27 Jan 2023
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 3809
Abstract
Improvements in the design of receptors for the detection and quantification of anions are desirable and ongoing in the field of anion chemistry, and remarkable progress has been made in this direction. In this regard, the development of luminescent chemosensors for sensing anions [...] Read more.
Improvements in the design of receptors for the detection and quantification of anions are desirable and ongoing in the field of anion chemistry, and remarkable progress has been made in this direction. In this regard, the development of luminescent chemosensors for sensing anions is an imperative and demanding sub-area in supramolecular chemistry. This decade, in particular, witnessed advancements in chemosensors based on ruthenium and iridium complexes for anion sensing by virtue of their modular synthesis and rich chemical and photophysical properties, such as visible excitation wavelength, high quantum efficiency, high luminescence intensity, long lifetimes of phosphorescence, and large Stokes shifts, etc. Thus, this review aims to summarize the recent advances in the development of ruthenium(II) and iridium(III)-based complexes for their application as luminescent chemosensors for anion sensing. In addition, the focus was devoted to designing aspects of polypyridyl complexes of these two transition metals with different recognition motifs, which upon interacting with different inorganic anions, produces desirable quantifiable outputs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Construction and Characterization of Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors Modified with Nanomaterials)
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