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Antioxidant Therapeutic Agents to Prevent Inflammation

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A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Medicinal Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2021) | Viewed by 11842

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Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Ramunė Morkūnienė

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Guest Editor

1. Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
2. Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
Interests: cell death; energy metabolism; mitochondria; inflammation; neurodegenerative disorders; ischemia/reperfusion; amyloid proteins; brain cell cultures
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Chronic inflammation can continue for months or years and may have links to various diseases, such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and certain types of cancer or neurodegenerative diseases. With an increasing lifetime, the main challenge is how to avoid chronic inflammatory diseases and to increase healthy and good quality lifetime. Oxidative stress and inflammation are closely related processes that are simultaneously found in many pathological conditions. Oxidative stress occurs when accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) exceeds the cell/tissue capacity of oxidative defense, leading to detrimental effects on cell functioning and viability. Novel antioxidants of the natural and synthetic types may have great potential in inflammation-mediated disorders and could be an area of interest for research, on the roles of ROS in the pathological mechanisms of diseases as well as on the efficacy and mechanisms of action of various bioactive compounds. I would like to invite you to submit original research papers or review articles to this Special Issue entitled “Antioxidant Therapeutic Agents to Prevent Inflammation.” The issue is intended to address any research topic highlighting recent identification of synthetic as well as natural-based antioxidant molecules alleviating or terminating inflammation.

Prof. Dr. Ramunė Morkūnienė
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

oxidative stress
inflammation
reactive oxidant species
cell death
mitochondrial dysfunction
cell protective pathways
antioxidant
natural compounds

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 2028 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Quercetin Prevents LPS-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation by Modulating NOX2/ROS/NF-kB in Lung Epithelial Cells

by Ok-Joo Sul and Seung Won Ra

Molecules 2021, 26(22), 6949; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26226949 - 17 Nov 2021

Cited by 100 | Viewed by 6227

Abstract

Oxidative stress caused by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a major role in inflammatory processes. We hypothesized that modulation of ROS via quercetin may protect against oxidative stress and inflammation. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of quercetin on oxidative stress and inflammation in lung epithelial A549 cells. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced elevation of intracellular ROS levels was reduced after quercetin treatment, which also almost completely abolished the mRNA and protein expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 2 (NOX2) induced by LPS stimulation. In addition, quercetin suppressed the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and reduced levels of inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and IL-6, which had increased significantly after LPS exposure. Our data demonstrated that quercetin decreased ROS-induced oxidative stress and inflammation by suppressing NOX2 production. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidant Therapeutic Agents to Prevent Inflammation)

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16 pages, 3078 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Aurones and Flavonols from Coreopsis lanceolata L. Flowers and Their Anti-Oxidant, Pro-Inflammatory Inhibition Effects, and Recovery Effects on Alloxan-Induced Pancreatic Islets in Zebrafish

by Hyoung-Geun Kim, Youn Hee Nam, Young Sung Jung, Seon Min Oh, Trong Nguyen Nguyen, Min-Ho Lee, Dae-Ok Kim, Tong Ho Kang, Dae Young Lee and Nam-In Baek

Molecules 2021, 26(20), 6098; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26206098 - 09 Oct 2021

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2017

Abstract

(1) Background: Many flavonoids have been reported to exhibit pharmacological activity; a preparatory study confirmed that Coreopsis lanceolata flowers (CLFs) contained high flavonoid structure content; (2) Methods: CLFs were extracted in aqueous methanol (MeOH:H₂O = 4:1) and fractionated into acetic ester (EtOAc), normal butanol (n-BuOH), and H₂O fractions. Repeated column chromatographies for two fractions led to the isolation of two aurones and two flavonols; (3) Results: Four flavonoids were identified based on a variety of spectroscopic data analyses to be leptosidin (1), leptosin (2), isoquercetin (3), and astragalin (4), respectively. This is the first report for isolation of 2–4 from CLFs. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis determined the content levels of compounds 1–4 in the MeOH extract to be 2.8 ± 0.3 mg/g (1), 17.9 ± 0.9 mg/g (2), 3.0 ± 0.2 mg/g (3), and 10.9 ± 0.9 mg/g (4), respectively. All isolated compounds showed radical scavenging activities and recovery activities in Caco-2, RAW264.7, PC-12, and HepG2 cells against reactive oxygen species. MeOH extract, EtOAc fraction, and 1–3 suppressed NO formation in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and decreased iNOS and COX-2 expression. Furthermore, all compounds recovered the pancreatic islets damaged by alloxan treatment in zebrafish; (4) Conclusions: The outcome proposes 1–4 to serve as components of CLFs in standardizing anti-oxidant, pro-inflammatory inhibition, and potential anti-diabetic agents. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidant Therapeutic Agents to Prevent Inflammation)

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Review

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24 pages, 1519 KiB

Open AccessReview

Jeopardy of COVID-19: Rechecking the Perks of Phytotherapeutic Interventions

by Priyanka Saha, Subhankar Bose, Amit Kumar Srivastava, Anis Ahmad Chaudhary, Rajiv Lall and Sahdeo Prasad

Molecules 2021, 26(22), 6783; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26226783 - 10 Nov 2021

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2938

Abstract

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the reason for worldwide pandemic, has already masked around 220 countries globally. This disease is induced by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Arising environmental stress, increase in the oxidative stress level, weak immunity and lack of nutrition deteriorates the clinical status of the infected patients. Though several researches are at its peak for understanding and bringing forward effective therapeutics, yet there is no promising solution treating this disease directly. Medicinal plants and their active metabolites have always been promising in treating many clinical complications since time immemorial. Mother nature provides vivid chemical structures, which act multi-dimensionally all alone or synergistically in mitigating several diseases. Their unique antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity with least side effects have made them more effective candidate for pharmacological studies. These medicinal plants inhibit attachment, encapsulation and replication of COVID-19 viruses by targeting various signaling molecules such as angiotensin converting enzyme-2, transmembrane serine protease 2, spike glycoprotein, main protease etc. This property is re-examined and its potency is now used to improve the existing global health crisis. This review is an attempt to focus various antiviral activities of various noteworthy medicinal plants. Moreover, its implications as prophylactic or preventive in various secondary complications including neurological, cardiovascular, acute kidney disease, liver disease are also pinpointed in the present review. This knowledge will help emphasis on the therapeutic developments for this novel coronavirus where it can be used as alone or in combination with the repositioned drugs to combat COVID-19. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidant Therapeutic Agents to Prevent Inflammation)

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