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Minerals
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Interactions of Polymers with Minerals Surfaces
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Interactions of Polymers with Minerals Surfaces

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (19 February 2021) | Viewed by 10978

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Ricardo Jeldres

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Procesos de Minerales, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile
Interests: froth flotation; thickening, tailings management; rheology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

When minerals go through stages of comminution, fine particles are generated whose behaviour is ruled by the physical and chemical characteristics of their surface. Then, the manifestation of interparticle interaction (DLVO and non-DLVO) begins to dominate the macroscopic properties of particulate systems, such as mineral hydrophobicity, pulp rheology, suspension stability, capillary phenomena, etc. In this context, the role of polymers has been vital for the industry, since, on many occasions, they allow modifying the surface properties of colloidal systems, expediting the control of processes.

These reagents are used in different industrial sectors, including wastewater, oil recovery, papermaker, mineral processing, etc. Their applications are diverse; however, their practice is far from optimised. In the search for new structures that extend the operational advantages, greater fundamental knowledge is required, especially improving the understanding about interplays between minerals with these macromolecules, according to their chemical characteristics such as functionality, charge density, molecular weight, and architecture.

This Special Issue aims to advance the understanding of microscopic phenomena and macroscopic consequences generated by various types of polymers (natural, synthetic, soluble, hydrophobic, polyelectrolytes, etc.) in different fields of process engineering. Particular emphasis is placed on research involving a new generation of polymers, which can offer potential advances over traditionally used reagents.

Dr. Ricardo Jeldres
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Minerals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • polymers
  • minerals
  • solid–liquid separation
  • pulp rheology
  • water recovery
  • mineral processing
  • cleaner production

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 2787 KiB  
Article
Modulated Monoclinic Hydroxyapatite: The Effect of pH in the Microwave Assisted Method
by Daniel Sánchez-Campos, Maria Isabel Reyes Valderrama, Susana López-Ortíz, Daniela Salado-Leza, María Eufemia Fernández-García, Demetrio Mendoza-Anaya, Eleazar Salinas-Rodríguez and Ventura Rodríguez-Lugo
Minerals 2021, 11(3), 314; https://doi.org/10.3390/min11030314 - 17 Mar 2021
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 3885
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a natural hard tissue constituent widely used for bone and tooth replacement engineering. In the present work, synthetic HAp was obtained from calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (Ca(NO3)2·4H2O) and ammonium phosphate dibasic (NH4)2 [...] Read more.
Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a natural hard tissue constituent widely used for bone and tooth replacement engineering. In the present work, synthetic HAp was obtained from calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (Ca(NO3)2·4H2O) and ammonium phosphate dibasic (NH4)2HPO4 following an optimized microwave assisted hydrothermal method. The effect of pH was evaluated by the addition of ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH). Hence, different characterization techniques were used to determine its influence on the resulted HAp powders’ size, shape, and crystallinity. By Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), it was observed that the reaction pH environment modifies the morphology of HAp, and a shape evolution, from sub-hedral particles at pH = 7 to rod-like nanosized HAp at pH = 10, was confirmed. Using the X-ray Diffraction (XRD) technique, the characteristic diffraction peaks of the monoclinic phase were identified. Even if the performed Rietveld analysis indicated the presence of both phases (hexagonal and monoclinic), monoclinic HAp prevails in 95% with an average crystallite size of about 23 nm. The infrared spectra (FTIR) showed absorption bands at 3468 cm−1 and 630 cm−1 associated with OH− of hydroxyapatite, and bands at 584 cm−1, 960 cm−1, and 1090 cm−1 that correspond to the PO43− and CO32− characteristic groups. In summary, this work contributes to obtaining nanosized rod-like monoclinic HAp by a simple and soft method that has not been previously reported. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interactions of Polymers with Minerals Surfaces)
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15 pages, 3014 KiB  
Article
Synthesis of Hydronium-Potassium Jarosites: The Effect of pH and Aging Time on Their Structural, Morphological, and Electrical Properties
by Elías Hernández-Lazcano, E. Cerecedo-Sáenz, J. Hernández-Ávila, Norman Toro, T. V. K. Karthik, D. Mendoza-Anaya, M. E. Fernández-García, V. Rodríguez-Lugo and E. Salinas-Rodríguez
Minerals 2021, 11(1), 80; https://doi.org/10.3390/min11010080 - 15 Jan 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3320
Abstract
Structural and morphological properties of hydronium-potassium jarosite microstructures were investigated in this work, and their electrical properties were evaluated. All the microstructures were synthesized at a very low temperature of 70 °C with a reduced reaction time of 3 h. An increase in [...] Read more.
Structural and morphological properties of hydronium-potassium jarosite microstructures were investigated in this work, and their electrical properties were evaluated. All the microstructures were synthesized at a very low temperature of 70 °C with a reduced reaction time of 3 h. An increase in the pH from 0.8 to 2.1 decreased the particle sizes from 3 µm to 200 nm and an increase in the aging time from zero, three, and seven days resulted in semispherical, spherical, and euhedral jarosite structures, respectively. The Rietveld analysis also confirmed that the amount of hydronium substitution by potassium in the cationic site increased with an increase in pH. The percentages of hydronium jarosite (JH)/potassium jarosite (JK) for pH values of 0.8, 1.1, and 2.1 were 77.72/22.29%, 82.44/17.56%, and 89.98/10.02%, respectively. Microstructures obtained in this work were tested as alternative anode materials and the voltage measured using these electrodes made with hydronium-potassium jarosite microstructures and graphite ranged from 0.89 to 1.36 V. The results obtained in this work show that with reduced particle size and euhedral morphology obtained, modified jarosite microstructures can be used as anode materials for improving the lifetime of lithium-ion batteries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interactions of Polymers with Minerals Surfaces)
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11 pages, 3307 KiB  
Article
Complexation of Alkali and Alkaline-Earth Metal Cations at Spodumene-Saltwater Interfaces by Molecular Simulation: Impact on Oleate Adsorption
by Gonzalo R. Quezada and Pedro G. Toledo
Minerals 2021, 11(1), 12; https://doi.org/10.3390/min11010012 - 24 Dec 2020
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3112
Abstract
Spodumene, a lithium aluminum inosilicate, is recovered by froth flotation using surfactants, so-called collectors. Therefore, the behavior and properties of the water-mineral interface in saline solutions are central. Here, molecular dynamics simulations are used to study the adsorption of alkali and alkaline-earth metal [...] Read more.
Spodumene, a lithium aluminum inosilicate, is recovered by froth flotation using surfactants, so-called collectors. Therefore, the behavior and properties of the water-mineral interface in saline solutions are central. Here, molecular dynamics simulations are used to study the adsorption of alkali and alkaline-earth metal cations from concentrated solutions on the weakest (110) surface plane of negatively-charged spodumene. Results include the envelope density function of inner-sphere complexes for each cation and the density of complexes according to their adsorption contacts. Visualization of complexes for each cation is also included. Once the structure of the cation layers adsorbed on the surface of spodumene is defined, its role as a catalyst or barrier for adsorption of the spodumene collector in flotation is evaluated. The collector studied is the typical sodium oleate. The results show that oleate adsorption is poor and that the few adsorption contacts are mainly via cation bridges. The findings here indicate that molecular simulation can facilitate the search for effective collectors for environmentally sustainable spodumene flotation processes in saltwater. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interactions of Polymers with Minerals Surfaces)
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