Human Papillomaviruses and Human Cytomegalovirus: Updates on Biology, Pathogenesis, and Treatment Options

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2021) | Viewed by 2749

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
Interests: molecular virology of DNA and RNA viruses; development of antiviral agents with innovative mechanisms of action against DNA and RNA viruses: herpesviruses, human papillomavirus, influenza virus, flavivirus, coronavirus; drug repurposing; development of anti-tumoral agents; inhibition of protein–protein interactions

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Guest Editor
Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
Interests: herpesvirus; influenza virus; drug discovery; protein-protein interaction

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Among the DNA viruses, human papillomaviruses (HPVs) and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) represent major human pathogens affecting public health worldwide.

High-risk HPVs are the cause of approximately 5% of cancers worldwide, including cervical, anogenital, and several oropharyngeal cancers. Despite the availability of an effective prophylactic vaccine, there is still an urgent need for an understanding of the molecular mechanisms of HPV-induced pathogenesis and for the development of therapeutic options.

HCMV infects 60% to nearly 80% of the human population and causes life-threatening opportunistic infections in immunocompromised subjects. Moreover, HCMV is the viral leading cause of congenital defects in newborns. Finally, HCMV has been suggested as a cofactor of vascular diseases, immune senescence, and cancer.

This Special Issue aims to describe the latest findings regarding the biology of these two viral pathogens, including entry and replication mechanisms. Moreover, it aims to illustrate the recent advances in the development of both new diagnostic tools and markers and of therapeutic options, including vaccines and antiviral drugs.

Dr. Beatrice Mercorelli
Prof. Dr. Arianna Loregian
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • human papillomavirus
  • cervical cancer
  • E6 and E7 oncoproteins
  • antiviral agents
  • vaccine
  • human cytomegalovirus
  • drug development
  • protein–protein interactions inhibitors
  • drug repurposing
  • viral entry
  • viral replication

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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11 pages, 1945 KiB  
Case Report
Successful Use of Heterologous CMV-Reactive T Lymphocyte to Treat Severe Refractory Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Infection in a Liver Transplanted Patient: Correlation of the Host Antiviral Immune Reconstitution with CMV Viral Load and CMV miRNome
by Monica Miele, Alessia Gallo, Mariangela Di Bella, Francesca Timoneri, Floriana Barbera, Marco Sciveres, Silvia Riva, Paolo Grossi and Pier Giulio Conaldi
Microorganisms 2021, 9(4), 684; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040684 - 26 Mar 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2387
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the most significant viral infection in hosts with compromised immune systems as solid organ transplant patients. Despite significant progress being made in the prevention of CMV disease in these patients, further therapeutic strategies for CMV disease and for the [...] Read more.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the most significant viral infection in hosts with compromised immune systems as solid organ transplant patients. Despite significant progress being made in the prevention of CMV disease in these patients, further therapeutic strategies for CMV disease and for the CMV reactivation prevention are needed. Here, we describe the outcome of the infusion of in vitro expanded CMV-reactive T-cells, taken from a healthy CMV-seropositive donor, in a liver-transplanted recipient with a refractory recurrent CMV. In this particular case, adoptive transfer of allogenic CMV-reactive T-lymphocytes resulted in the clearance of CMV infection and resolution of the pathological manifestations of the patient. In the study we also investigated circulating miRNAs, both cellular and viral, as potential biomarkers during the course of CMV infection. The results indicate that the infusion of allogenic CMV-reactive T-cells can be an effective strategy to treat CMV infection recurrence when the generation of autologous virus specific T cell clones is not possible. Full article
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