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Microorganisms
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State-of-the-Art Gut Microbiota Research in Asia
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State-of-the-Art Gut Microbiota Research in Asia

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Gut Microbiota".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2023) | Viewed by 14156

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Ryo Inoue

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Setsunan University, Hirakata 573-0707, Japan
Interests: gut microbiota; pig; colostrum; pathogen metagenomics; mucosal immunology
Dr. Saori Kashiwagi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto-shi 602-8566, Kyoto, Japan
Interests: gut microbiota; gut disease

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As we know, our gut microbiota is diverse among individuals and each has its own unique profile. It is because of the difference in genetic origin, habit, lifestyle, cuisine, and so on. These factors depend on regional and racial diversity. Asia is one of the largest and most populous continents, including unique and various characteristics; thus, gut microbiota in Asia might also be characteristic.

The aim of this Special Issue is to spotlight the gut microbiota research in Asia, including the effect of Asian cuisine/ingredients to structural/functional difference of gut microbiota, metabolic interaction within bacteria or the host immune response, and pathogenicity in inflammatory disease. We invite colleagues to contribute original research articles or reviews related to their research. Topics include, but are not limited to:

  • Structure and function of the microbiota
  • Microbial community genetics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics
  • Interaction within the microbiota
  • Metabolic interaction with the host
  • Inflammatory diseases
  • Interaction with the immune system
  • Microbial biodegradation of nutrients and xenobiotics
  • Microbial ecology
  • Microbial functions in the different habitats within the gut
  • Metabolic flux analysis
  • Analysis of functionalities by stable isotope probing (DNA, RNA and protein)
  • Model systems for studying microbiome biology
  • Novel technologies for the analysis of structure and function of the microbiota

Dr. Ryo Inoue
Dr. Saori Kashiwagi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 2038 KiB  
Article
Lactulose Ingestion Induces a Rapid Increase in Genus Bifidobacterium in Healthy Japanese: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial
by Yohei Sakai, Hiroshi Ochi and Miyuki Tanaka
Microorganisms 2022, 10(9), 1719; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10091719 - 26 Aug 2022
Viewed by 1997
Abstract
Oral administration of a low dose of lactulose increases the abundance of genus Bifidobacterium in the large intestine; however, the details of the daily variation in Bifidobacterium have not been researched. To observe how the intestinal microbiota, including Bifidobacterium, change, especially immediately [...] Read more.
Oral administration of a low dose of lactulose increases the abundance of genus Bifidobacterium in the large intestine; however, the details of the daily variation in Bifidobacterium have not been researched. To observe how the intestinal microbiota, including Bifidobacterium, change, especially immediately after the initiation of ingestion, we conducted a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover study of ingestion of 4 g lactulose/day for 2 weeks in 36 healthy Japanese (including males and females). The primary outcome was the percentage of Bifidobacterium in the faecal bacteria. In the lactulose-treatment group, the percentage of Bifidobacterium was already significantly higher 2 days after starting lactulose ingestion than in the placebo group (20.5 ± 1.2% vs. 17.1 ± 1.2%, p = 0.021). Significant differences were maintained, gradually widening, until the end of the 2-week intervention period. There were significant increases in the percentage and the number of Bifidobacterium with ingestion of 4 g lactulose/day for 2 weeks, but no significant changes in the beta diversity of the intestinal microbiota between lactulose and placebo ingestion. The percentage of Bifidobacterium in the faecal bacteria returned to its original level within a week of the end of intervention with lactulose. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art Gut Microbiota Research in Asia)
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17 pages, 2591 KiB  
Article
An Age Effect of Rumen Microbiome in Dairy Buffaloes Revealed by Metagenomics
by Long-Ping Li, Ke-Lan Peng, Ming-Yuan Xue, Sen-Lin Zhu, Jian-Xin Liu and Hui-Zeng Sun
Microorganisms 2022, 10(8), 1491; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10081491 - 25 Jul 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2479
Abstract
Age is an important factor in shaping the gut microbiome. However, the age effect on the rumen microbial community for dairy buffaloes remains less explored. Using metagenomics, we examined the microbial composition and functions of rumen microbiota in dairy Murrah buffaloes of different [...] Read more.
Age is an important factor in shaping the gut microbiome. However, the age effect on the rumen microbial community for dairy buffaloes remains less explored. Using metagenomics, we examined the microbial composition and functions of rumen microbiota in dairy Murrah buffaloes of different ages: Y (1 year old), M (3–5 years old), E (6–8 years old), and O (>9 years old). We found that Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the predominant phyla, with Prevotella accounting for the highest abundance at the genus level. The proportion of Bacteroides and Methanobrevibacter significantly increased with age, while the abundance of genus Lactobacillus significantly decreased with age (LDA > 3, p < 0.05). Most differed COG and KEGG pathways were enriched in Y with carbohydrate metabolism, while older buffaloes enriched more functions of protein metabolism and the processing of replication and repair (LDA > 2, p < 0.05). Additionally, the functional contribution analysis revealed that the genera Prevotella and Lactobacillus of Y with more functions of CAZymes encoded genes of glycoside hydrolases and carbohydrate esterases for their roles of capable of metabolizing starch and sucrose-associated oligosaccharide enzyme, hemicellulase, and cellulase activities than the other three groups (LDA > 2, p < 0.05), thus affecting the 1-year-old dairy buffalo rumen carbohydrate metabolism. This study provides comprehensive dairy buffalo rumen metagenome data and assists in manipulating the rumen microbiome for improved dairy buffalo production. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art Gut Microbiota Research in Asia)
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13 pages, 2502 KiB  
Article
Typing of the Gut Microbiota Community in Japanese Subjects
by Tomohisa Takagi, Ryo Inoue, Akira Oshima, Hiroshi Sakazume, Kenta Ogawa, Tomo Tominaga, Yoichi Mihara, Takeshi Sugaya, Katsura Mizushima, Kazuhiko Uchiyama, Yoshito Itoh and Yuji Naito
Microorganisms 2022, 10(3), 664; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10030664 - 20 Mar 2022
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 8968
Abstract
Gut microbiota are involved in both host health and disease and can be stratified based on bacteriological composition. However, gut microbiota clustering data are limited for Asians. In this study, fecal microbiota of 1803 Japanese subjects, including 283 healthy individuals, were analyzed by [...] Read more.
Gut microbiota are involved in both host health and disease and can be stratified based on bacteriological composition. However, gut microbiota clustering data are limited for Asians. In this study, fecal microbiota of 1803 Japanese subjects, including 283 healthy individuals, were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing and clustered using two models. The association of various diseases with each community type was also assessed. Five and fifteen communities were identified using partitioning around medoids (PAM) and the Dirichlet multinominal mixtures model, respectively. Bacteria exhibiting characteristically high abundance among the PAM-identified types were of the family Ruminococcaceae (Type A) and genera Bacteroides, Blautia, and Faecalibacterium (Type B); Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, and Proteus (Type C); and Bifidobacterium (Type D), and Prevotella (Type E). The most noteworthy community found in the Japanese subjects was the Bifidobacterium-rich community. The odds ratio based on type E, which had the largest population of healthy subjects, revealed that other types (especially types A, C, and D) were highly associated with various diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, functional gastrointestinal disorder, and lifestyle-related diseases. Gut microbiota community typing reproducibly identified organisms that may represent enterotypes peculiar to Japanese individuals and that are partly different from those of indivuals from Western countries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art Gut Microbiota Research in Asia)
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