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Microorganisms
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Genetics and Physiology of Corynebacteria II
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Genetics and Physiology of Corynebacteria II

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Microbial Biotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 June 2025 | Viewed by 1487

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Miroslav Pátek

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor Assistant
Institute of Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
Interests: transcriptional regulation in Corynebacterium; analysis of transcriptional regulation in Corynebacterium glutamicum; functions of sigma factors of RNA polymerase and promoter activity control; development and use of the in vitro transcription system for Corynebacterium glutamicum; synthesis and use of the enzymes involved in nitrile metabolism from various sources (bacteria fungi, plants)
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Corynebacterium is a widely studied genus of Gram-positive bacteria that is classified into Actinobacteria and is related to mycobacteria, rhodococci, and nocardiae.

Corynebacteria include species that are considered GRAS organisms (generally recognized as safe) that are used in biotechnology processes, as well as human, animal, and plant pathogens.

Biotechnologists have placed Corynebacterium glutamicum and closely related species at the center of their interest and have developed a large number of strains applicable in the industrial production of amino acids, fine chemicals, fuels, polymers, and a still growing range of other useful compounds. Consequently, C. glutamicum has become a workhorse for the development of strains used in biotechnology processes. In addition, many global research techniques such as genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, and fluxomics have been developed in parallel and their applications have advanced so fast that C. glutamicum has become a model organism for the related actinobacteria.

Of the human pathogens, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, which is the causative agent of diphtheria, is probably the most deeply studied. Several species cause diseases in animals, most notably C. pseudotuberculosis. Other corynebacteria are opportunistic pathogens causing diseases in immunocompromised people. Numerous corynebacteria are innocuous commensals found in the mucosa and normal skin flora of humans and animals.

This Special Issue of Microorganisms invites you to submit manuscripts concerning any aspect of genetics, physiology, and the application of new methods concerning both biotechnologically relevant and pathogenic corynebacteria.

Dr. Miroslav Pátek
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Corynebacterium glutamicum
  • Corynebacterium diphtheriae
  • biotechnology
  • pathogens
  • zoonosis
  • mycolic acids
  • antibiotic resistance

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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20 pages, 3471 KiB  
Article
Two-Component MprAB System Regulates the Expression of Genes Involved in Cell Envelope Biosynthesis in Corynebacterium glutamicum
by Yu Zou, Danni Huang, Xiuxia Liu, Yankun Yang, Chunli Liu, Ye Li and Zhonghu Bai
Microorganisms 2025, 13(5), 1120; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13051120 - 13 May 2025
Viewed by 264
Abstract
To accurately detect internal and environmental cues, bacteria have evolved signal transduction pathways such as two-component systems (TCSs) to reprogram appropriate genetic and physiological functions for adaptation and survival. The MprAB TCS is commonly found in actinobacteria and has been associated with important [...] Read more.
To accurately detect internal and environmental cues, bacteria have evolved signal transduction pathways such as two-component systems (TCSs) to reprogram appropriate genetic and physiological functions for adaptation and survival. The MprAB TCS is commonly found in actinobacteria and has been associated with important processes such as mycobacterial virulence, nutrient starvation, and environmental stress, particularly cell envelope stress. However, a comprehensive investigation of the function and response network of the MprAB TCS in corynebacteria remains to be carried out. In this study, we report that the MprAB TCS (previously named CgtSR2) plays a critical role in regulating genes involved in cell envelope remodeling in C. glutamicum. The results indicated that the MprAB TCS directly controls a broad regulon, including cell wall biosynthesis proteins, alternative sigma factors, secreted proteins of unknown function, and the mprAB gene locus itself. Among these, the HtrA-like serine protease confers vancomycin and penicillin resistance. Furthermore, we found that the function of the cell envelope was disrupted during overexpression of mprA, resulting in elongated cell morphology and increased cell membrane permeability, as well as enhanced excretion of L-alanine. In conclusion, our findings provide novel insights into how the conserved MprAB TCS controls cell envelope homeostasis in distant actinobacteria. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics and Physiology of Corynebacteria II)
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16 pages, 1969 KiB  
Article
Mutational Analysis Supports Three-Hairpin Model of Attenuator for Transcription Regulation of ilvBNC Operon in Corynebacterium glutamicum
by Ludmila E. Ryabchenko, Igor I. Titov, Tatyana E. Leonova, Tatyana I. Kalinina, Tatyana V. Gerasimova, Marina E. Sheremetieva, Nikolay A. Kolchanov, Tamara M. Khlebodarova and Alexander S. Yanenko
Microorganisms 2025, 13(2), 291; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13020291 - 28 Jan 2025
Viewed by 827
Abstract
The ilvBNC operon in Corynebacterium glutamicum encodes key enzymes for the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids (L-isoleucine, L-leucine, and L-valine). This operon has been studied for quite a long time, and it is assumed that three hairpin mRNA structures can be formed in [...] Read more.
The ilvBNC operon in Corynebacterium glutamicum encodes key enzymes for the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids (L-isoleucine, L-leucine, and L-valine). This operon has been studied for quite a long time, and it is assumed that three hairpin mRNA structures can be formed in its regulatory region; however, their functionality and role in the attenuation mechanism of the ilvBNC operon are not completely clear. In the present work, we performed a mutational analysis of mRNA secondary structures in the regulatory region of the C. glutamicum ilvBNC operon, which allowed us to propose a model of the regulation of its transcription involving three mRNA hairpins that essentially act as a transcription terminator, an antiterminator, and an antiantiterminator. In this work, we proved the existence of a transcription terminator in this operon and experimentally confirmed the effectiveness of its influence on the expression of the ilvBNC operon, AHAS enzyme activity, and valine production. We demonstrated the unique functional features of this attenuator, which, due to the overlapping of the terminator and antiterminator hairpins, is capable of rapid low-energy transitions between them without the complete disruption of the hairpin structures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics and Physiology of Corynebacteria II)
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