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Effect of Bacterial Biofilms Colonization on Oral Health and Therapy

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A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Biofilm".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2021) | Viewed by 14405

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Special Issue Editor

Dr. Eyal Rosen

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Guest Editor

1. Department of Endodontics, Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
2. Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
Interests: endodontic microbiology; nanoscience; nanotechnology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

A bacterial biofilm is a common ecological community, where the bacteria are detained together by an extracellular matrix, and use different mechanisms to align their activity within the community and to achieve complex multi-cellular activities. Biofilms enable bacteria to attach more firmly to their hosts and to have better access to nutrients. When compared to planktonic (free-living) state, bacteria in biofilms are more protected from environmental insults, antibiotics, and the immune system. Biofilms colonization represent most of the microbial infections in the human body including in the oral cavity, where biofilms are the main source of many oral diseases, such as dental abscesses, periodontal diseases and dental caries. These colonized oral biofilms pose a significant clinical challenge as they may resist common therapies and produce persistent infections.

The aims of the current series are to present up-to-date evidence-based data regarding the colonization of bacterial biofilms in the different niches of the oral cavity and their involvement in oral diseases, and to present novel therapeutic approaches to overcome these persistent infections.

Dr. Eyal Rosen
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Biofilm
Bacterial colonization
Oral microbiota
Bacterial resistance
Persistent infection
Endodontic biofilms
Periodontal biofilms
Prosthodontics and oral biofilms
Novel methods to eradicate oral biofilms

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 1204 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Modulation of Streptococcus mutans Adherence to Hydroxyapatite by Engineered Salivary Peptides

by Lina Maria Marin, Yizhi Xiao, Jaime Aparecido Cury and Walter Luiz Siqueira

Microorganisms 2022, 10(2), 223; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10020223 - 20 Jan 2022

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1778

Abstract

Since the modification of the proteinaceous components of the Acquired Enamel Pellicle (AEP) could influence the adhesion of Streptococcus mutans, the most cariogenic bacteria, to dental surfaces, we assessed if engineered salivary peptides would affect the adherence and modulate the bacterial proteome upon adherence. Single-component AEPs were formed onto hydroxyapatite (HAp) discs by incubating them with statherin, histatin-3, DR9, DR9-DR9, DR9-RR14, RR14, and parotid saliva. Then, the discs were inoculated with S. mutans UA159 and the bacteria were allowed to adhere for 2 h, 4 h, and 8 h (n = 12/treatment/time point). The number of bacteria adhered to the HAp discs was determined at each time point and analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni tests. Cell-wall proteins were extracted from adhered, planktonic, and inoculum (baseline) bacteria and proteome profiles were obtained after a bottom-up proteomics approach. The number of adhered bacteria significantly increased over time, being the mean values obtained at 8 h, from highest to lowest, as follows: DR9-RR14 > statherin > RR14 = DR9-DR9 > DR9 = histatin3 > saliva (p < 0.05). Treatments modulated the bacterial proteome upon adherence. The findings suggested a potential use of our engineered peptide DR9-DR9 to control S. mutans biofilm development by reducing bacterial colonization. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effect of Bacterial Biofilms Colonization on Oral Health and Therapy)

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12 pages, 3689 KiB

Open AccessArticle

In Vitro Evaluation of the Effect of Oral Probiotic Weissella cibaria on the Formation of Multi-Species Oral Biofilms on Dental Implant Surfaces

by Mi-Sun Kang and Geun-Yeong Park

Microorganisms 2021, 9(12), 2482; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9122482 - 30 Nov 2021

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2065

Abstract

Oral probiotics are beneficial bacteria that can help prevent periodontal disease. However, little is known about the effects of oral probiotics on the formation of implant biofilms. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of oral probiotics Weissella cibaria CMU and CMS1 in an in vitro complex biofilm model on titanium implant surfaces. First, it was identified through colony biofilm assay that W. cibaria CMU and CMS1 inhibit the formation of multi-species biofilms formed by eight types of bacteria. Two types of saliva-coated titanium discs inoculated with early (Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus sanguinis, Actinomyces naeslundii, and Veillonella parvula), secondary (Fusobacterium nucleatum and Prevotella intermedia), and late (Porphyromonas gingivalis) colonizers were treated with the oral probiotics and then incubated anaerobically for three days. The effects of oral probiotics on titanium disc biofilm formation were analyzed using culture methods, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and microscopic analysis. Both probiotics significantly inhibited the formation of biofilm, and all eight bacterial species were significantly reduced. The effectiveness of both probiotic strains was confirmed by all the methods used. Oral probiotics may have dramatically reduced the biofilm formation of secondary colonizers that act as bridges, thus inhibiting biofilm formation on the titanium surface. Our results suggest that the probiotic W. cibaria offers new possibilities for the prevention of peri-implant mucositis. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effect of Bacterial Biofilms Colonization on Oral Health and Therapy)

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Review

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17 pages, 1605 KiB

Open AccessReview

Novel Approach to Dental Biofilm Management through Guided Biofilm Therapy (GBT): A Review

by Deepti Shrivastava, Valentino Natoli, Kumar Chandan Srivastava, Ibrahim A Alzoubi, Ahmed Ismail Nagy, May Othman Hamza, Khalid Al-Johani, Mohammad Khursheed Alam and Zohaib Khurshid

Microorganisms 2021, 9(9), 1966; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091966 - 16 Sep 2021

Cited by 17 | Viewed by 9757

Abstract

Dental biofilm plays a very crucial role in the etiopathogenesis of periodontal andperi-implant diseases. Over the past decade, tremendous research has been carried outto know the structure of biofilm and the mechanism by which it causes the destruction of supporting tissues of tooth or implant. Periodontal or peri-implant therapy usually begins with primarily removing thebiofilm and is considered as non-surgical mechanical debridement. Although scaling and root planing (SRP) is regarded as a gold standard for mechanical plaque debridement, various other means of biofilm removal have constantly been evolving. These may vary from different scaling systems such as vector systems to decontamination of pockets with LASER therapy. Nowadays, a new concept has emerged known as “guided biofilm therapy” (GBT). It is beneficial in removing the biofilm around the tooth and implant structures, resulting in better or comparable clinical outcomes than SRP. These results were substantiated with the reduction in the microbial load as well as the reduction in the inflammatory cytokines. This review will highlight the various aspects of GBT used in periodontal and peri-implant disease. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effect of Bacterial Biofilms Colonization on Oral Health and Therapy)

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